Aron Raymon: sociological lus qhuab qhia

Fabkis kawm ntawm cov neeg Yudais keeb kwm, philosopher thiab sociologist, nom tswv paub txog, kev nom kev tswv views nrug Aron Raymon yog tus founder ntawm epistemological ntxhee nyob rau hauv lub philosophy ntawm keeb kwm, uas nws los ntawm UFW tawm tsam qhov tseeb hais tias zaj dab neeg tau raug txhais nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm positivism. Raymond nws tus kheej advocated globalization thiab deideologization science. Nws kuj yog ib tug supporter ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm muaj haiv neeg. Aron Raymon pab mus rau kev txais tos ntawm German Sociology, piv txwv li, ib tug system ntawm cov tswv yim ntawm Max Weber nyob rau hauv Fabkis. Raws li ib tug journalist, nws tau sau ntau tshaj 30 phau ntawv. Rau ib lub sij hawm, nws yog ib tug nom tswv columnist rau cov ntawv xov xwm "Le Figaro". Nyob rau lub hauv paus ntawm nws kev nom kev tswv convictions, nws ntseeg hais tias lub xeev yuav tsum tau tsim cov kev cai uas yuav tau lees tias txoj kev ywj pheej, koob pheej ntawm lawv, pluralism, thiab los xyuas kom meej lawv siv.

Aron Raymon: biography

Lub neej yav tom ntej tus paub txog yug los nyob rau hauv 1905 nyob rau hauv Lorraine, nyob rau hauv rambervillers, tus tub ntawm cov neeg Yudais cov neeg tsiv teb, tag assimilated mus rau hauv lawv lub chaw nyob. Nws txiv, Gustav Aron, yog ib tug xib fwb ntawm kev cai lij choj thiab leej niam - Syuzan Levi - ib tug secular poj niam, ib tug neeg uas Alsace. Tsis ntev lub tsev neeg tsiv mus rau Paris.

Kev Kawm Ntawv Aron Raymon yog nyob rau hauv lub École normale supérieure. Ntawm no nws los ua ntsib nrog Jean-Paul Sartre. Thoob plaws hauv nws lub neej, lawv zoo tshaj plaws cov phooj ywg, tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm ntse tw. Raymond ci lawv cov kev paub thiab soj ntsuam nyob rau hauv philosophy ntawm degree agrégé sau lub siab tshaj plaws pes tsawg tus ntawm cov ntsiab lus thiab yeej thawj qhov chaw. Nws yog tiag tiag ib tug zoo kawg sib tw! Meanwhile, Sartre tsis xa thiab ua tsis tau tejyam lub xeem. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog ntawm 25, Raymond los ua ib tug kws kho mob ntawm philosophy ntawm keeb kwm.

Nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees

Tom qab kawm tiav rau xyoo los ntawm lub Paris tsev kawm ntawv Aron nws mus rau lub teb chaws Yelemees rau qhuab qhia nyob rau hauv Cologne thiab Berlin universities. Ntawm no nws pom yuav ua li cas lub Nazis hlawv "ntse" hauv phau ntawv. Nws yog ces hais tias nws ua ib tug aversion rau totalitarianism, thiab kev siab phem. Thaum lub hwj chim nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees Hitler tuaj, nws yuav tsum tau rov qab mus rau Fabkis rau lub hom phiaj ntawm lawv txoj kev muaj.

qhia

Rov qab tsev, nws pib qhia kev philosophy thiab Sociology ntawm cov University of Le Havre (tsis yuav tsis meej pem nrog Harvard). Txij li thaum 1934 nws tau qhia rau txog 5 lub xyoo thiab ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug secretary ntawm lub Ecole Normale Supérieure, uas ib zaug lawm.

Ces Aron Raymon tsiv mus rau Toulouse, qhov uas nws lectured rau kev philosophy. Ua ntej qhov pib ntawm lub ntiaj teb no ua tsov ua rog II nws coj ib feem nyob rau hauv lub Paris Colloquium Walter Lippmann, muaj npe tom qab tus naas ej American neeg sau xov xwm. Qhov no ntse lub rooj sib tham yog ncaav tau los ntawm Louis Rougier.

Tsov rog nyob rau hauv lub neej ntawm Arona Raymona

Raws li twb tau hais, ua ntej lub phaum ua tsov ua rog nws yog ib tug xib fwb ntawm kev philosophy ntawm lub University of Toulouse nroog. Txawb ub txawb qhia cov hauj lwm, nws tau mus rau pem hauv ntej mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov cua Force nyob rau hauv Fabkis, thiab tom qab cov tub rog twb tua yeej thiab cov haiv neeg teb chaws twb nyob los ntawm cov Nazis, nws mus nyob rau lwm yam sab ntawm lub Channel, rau Albion.

Ntawm no, nws yog nyob ib sab mus rau lub zog "Sib ntaus sib tua Fabkis", uas yog nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm Charles de Gaulle thiab uas ua patriotic magazine "Free Fabkis". Aaron ua nws cov editor. Sau txawv teb chaws, lawv staryutsya muaj lub morale ntawm nws compatriots.

Raymond Aron: Cov qib ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm sociological thought

Tom qab lub German invaders tawm Fabkis, tus paub txog rov qab los tsev thiab resumes qhia. Qhov no lub sij hawm nws tau txais nyob rau hauv lub National School of Administration, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv lub Paris lub koom haum politissledovany, qhov uas nws qhia Sociology.

Early sociological views ntawm Arona yog nyob rau hauv tus ntawm neo (Baden tsev kawm ntawv). Nyob rau hauv nws sau, nws tsis pom zoo rau cov kev cai ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov haiv neeg thiab cov lus qhuab qhia hauv cov huab relativism uas ciam teb rau lwm rau irrationality.

Tom qab ntawd nws tsiv kom deb ntawm lub extremes ntawm ib tug priori thiab relativism thiab mus rau txoj hauj lwm ntawm Max Weber nyob rau hauv nws lub hom phiaj ntawm "zoo tagnrho hom" nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm keeb kwm. Nyob rau hauv nws kev ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm Sociology, Aron sympathized nrog conservative tendencies Durkheim thiab Tocqueville. Nws twb yeej ib txwm sim los ua ib tug "lwm" version ntawm cov keeb kwm materialism.

Cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm Arona

Nws yog ib tug ntawm cov sau phau ntawv ntawm lub tswvyim ntawm de-ideologization. Nws tuav txoj hauj lwm tsis lub kuj hom phiaj keeb kwm kev cai, lub dialectic sis ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm ntau lawm thiab rog, raws li zoo raws li lub tswvyim ntawm nyiaj txiag thiab kev sib raug zoo tsim.

Sociology Arona Raymona yuav siv sij hawm rau tus kwv ntawm kev tshawb fawb los ntawm subjective yam, xws li kev siab xav, tus nqi orientation ntawm ib tug txiav txim kev kawm, tus taw tes ntawm view ntawm ib tug neeg uas tau raug researching. Qhov no mus kom ze, raws li cov views ntawm Arona, yog ib tug tshiab, "uas tsis yog-ideological" kev tshawb xav ntawm zej zog. Nws yog ib lub xwb yog lub hom phiaj, vim kev tshawb fawb "uas tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv kev muaj tiag."

Raws li twb tau sau tseg, Aaron kuj yog tus tsim ntawm lub dav kev tshawb xav ntawm tag nrho muaj cov haiv neeg. Nws xam tau tias yog nws tus kheej ib tug follower ntawm Saint-Simon thiab ntev thiab feem ntau xa mus rau lawv.

Lub nto moo tshaj plaws ua hauj lwm ntawm Raymond

Raws li twb tau hais, nws kuj yog ib tug journalist, thiab tus neeg sau ntawm ntau tshaj 30 phau ntawv, ntawm lawv lub npe nrov tshaj yog cov "opium ntawm intellectuals". Raymond Aron sau nws nyob rau hauv 1955. Nws ua ib tug txaws. Kev tsis txaus siab txog phau ntawv no tsis txhob tso tseg niaj hnub no. Nws yog tseem tseem ceeb.