Biography thiab tej hauj lwm ntawm Alexander Gladkov

Nyob rau hauv 1962, nyob rau Soviet cov ntxaij vab tshaus tawm comedy Ryazanov, "Hussar txhiab". Tus zaj duab xis tau ntau chaw. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, ua tsaug rau zaj nkauj uas nws tsis nyuaj. Tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv txoj kev vam meej ntawm cov zaj duab xis ua si thiab ib tsab ntawv sau los ntawm tus heroic paj huam Aleksandra Gladkova. Yuav ua li cas lwm daim los ntawm tus cwj mem ntawm lub playwright? Subject ntawm tsab xov xwm - lub biography thiab ua hauj lwm ntawm tus kws.

Tsev Neeg thiab thaum ntxov xyoo

Gladkov Aleksandr Konstantinovich yug nyob rau hauv 1912 nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Murom. Nws txiv yog ib tug engineer. Txij li thaum 1917 Constantine Gladkov tau txais kev pab raws li lub taub hau ntawm lub nroog, tab sis tom qab lub kiv puag ncig, rau tsis paub hais tias yog vim li cas uas nws. Yav tom ntej dramatist yog tsug kaum peb lub xyoo xwb thaum uas tus tsev neeg tsiv mus rau Moscow. Nyob rau hauv lub capital, nws kawm tiav los ntawm ib tug luam lub tsev kawm ntawv.

Thaum pib ntawm muaj tswv yim ua si

Rau ib txhia lub sij hawm tus hero ntawm no tsab xov xwm ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ua yeeb yam raws li ib tug thawj coj. Creative sau ntawv (los yog es, journalism) hauj lwm Aleksandra Gladkova pib "Movie" nyob rau hauv lub tsab ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm. Nyob rau hauv lub lig twenties, thiab nws tau collaborated nrog rau lwm cov ntaub ntawv, uas yog, "Komsomolskaya Pravda", "ua lag ua luam thiab Art", "ua hauj lwm Moscow", "Soviet ua yeeb yam", "tshiab tuaj". Thaum lub sij hawm no, Gladkov ua phooj ywg nrog tseem ceeb ua yeeb yam neeg: lub playwright Aleksei Arbuzov, tus thawj coj Valentin Pluchek, actor Isidore Tshuag. Los ntawm 1934 nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub ua yeeb yam ntawm Meyerhold. Kev koom tes thiab kev ua phooj ywg nrog cov txawj ntse tus thawj coj tom qab ua si tug neeg tuag taus luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub neej ntawm Alexander Gladkov.

Cov hauj lwm

Kom txog rau thaum 1955 lub playwright sau rau nram qab no plays:

• "Ib tug ntev lub sij hawm dhau los."
• "Immortal".
• "Nahal".
• "Tsis paub hais tias neeg tsav nkoj".
• "Qhov tseeb txoj kev".
• "Ib tug siab phem Romance".
• "Kom txog rau thaum peb sib ntsib dua."
• "Thawj Symphony".
• "Hmo ntuj Ntuj".
• "Cov hluas ua yeeb yam".

Comedy nyob rau hauv nqe lus no, "Ib tug ntev lub sij hawm dhau los" Gladkov wrote nyob rau hauv 1940. zaj duab xis "Hussar txhiab" twb tsim nees nkaum ob xyoos rau nws.

"Ib zaug thaum ib lub sij hawm"

Txhua tus neeg uas saib tus naas ej comedy Eldara Ryazanova, peb paub hais tias cov kev ua si depicts lub txheej xwm tsov rog ntawm 1812. Artwork Gladkov txhais ua ntau yam lus. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo, raws li nyob rau hauv ib tug ua si los ua yeeb yam tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv Russia, tiam sis kuj txawv teb chaws. Tus thawj tus thawj coj, leej twg siv nws raws li ib tug cov ntaub ntawv uas rau theatrical productions, los ua Alexey Popov, ib qho puav pheej rau kev ua hauj lwm ntawm lub Stalin nqi zog.

Lub premiere coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv besieged Leningrad nyob rau hauv Kaum ib hlis 1941. tus sau nws tus kheej tom qab hais tias lub tswv yim ntawm cov kev ua si nurtured rau ntau xyoo. Raws li ib tug me nyuam, nws nyiam cov phau ntawv twb "Cov me nyuam ntawm tus tauj ncov loj Grant" thiab, kuj ceeb tias, "ua tsov ua rog thiab kev sib haum xeeb". Txheej xwm 1812, xwm li los ntawm Tolstoy, thiab taug txuj kev nyuaj motifs yam ntxwv prose ntawm Jules Verne - tag nrho cov no wonderfully intertwined nyob rau hauv lub minds ntawm yav tom ntej playwright. Thaum nws los ua ib tug neeg laus, kuv twb tau mus paub ib tug laus npau suav: sau txog patriotism Lavxias teb sab tub rog, tab sis nws yog ib qho yooj yim, kev lom zem. Gladkov tswj los mus tsim ib tug ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua hauj lwm nyob hauv kev kawm ntawm lub ntiaj teb no ua tsov ua rog II.

ntes

Nyob rau hauv 1948, Alexander Gladkov sau ib tug ua si, "Mus txog peb sib ntsib dua." Tab sis lub ntsiab lus nws yog pom tau hais tsuas yog tom qab tau xya xyoo. Nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm Gladkov, raws li cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Soviet censorship, muaj tsis muaj ideological cov ntsiab lus. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub tuam tsev, raws li nws tom qab muab tawm, nws khaws cia rau hauv phau ntawv uas ntog nyob rau hauv lub dubious qeb ntawm "txwv tsis pub". Tsis muaj dab tsi txhaum cai yog tsis nyob rau hauv cov phau ntawv. Tab sis nws yog txaus coj nqi ntawm anti-Soviet ua si.

Playwright puas tau raug ntes thiab xa mus rau ib tug camp. Tab sis txawm muaj, cov neeg nyob. Ordinary, tib yam li nyob rau hauv txoj kev ywj pheej, xav ua kom "cov mov thiab cov circuses". Gladkov raug tsa thawj coj ntawm lub camp ua yeeb yam.

Nws twb tso tawm tom qab Stalin tuag. Kuv yuav txiav koj tus kheej ib lub sij hawm txwv, Yog hais tias renounced Meyerhold, uas raug tua nyob rau hauv 1938. Tab sis Alexander K. tsis muab li no friendship. Kuv tsis lees yuav nws, thiab los ntawm nws tij laug, uas twb puas tau raug ntes nyob rau hauv 1937.

Gladkov Aleksandr - scriptwriter, raws li nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm uas ua ib tug zaj duab xis "Tus zoo kawg Jegudiel Lub mantle", "Ntsuab Coach", "Tus xa ntawm cov suab paj nruag." Nws tau sau ob peb documentary tej hauj lwm rau siab ua Vsevolod Meyerhold thiab nws lwm zoo heev contemporaries (Pasternak, Osip Mandelstam, Olesha).

Tsib xyoos tom qab qhov kev tso tawm ntawm Gladkov twb rov nyob rau hauv lub Writers 'Union. Playwright tuag nyob rau hauv 1976 nyob rau hauv Moscow. Nyob rau hauv 2015 nws tau luam tawm hmoov Aleksandra Gladkova, tau ntsib nrog paj los ntawm cov txawj nyeem ntawv.