Bohemian siv lead ua - kom ntau li ntau nyob rau hauv no kev txiav txim ... Nws yog txaus rau hnov nws, thiab tam sim ntawd conjure aristocratic receptions thiab cov clink ntawm tsom iav. Yuav ua li cas hom ntawm cov tais diav koj yeej hu no lub sij hawm thiab yuav ua li cas yog nws txawv los ntawm lwm yam?
Keeb kwm ntawm Crystal Crafts
Nws yog ntseeg hais tias cov niaj hnub keeb kwm ntawm lub khob nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe pib nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub thib kaum xya xyoo pua. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm no los ntawm kev huam yuaj nws los ua npe hu hais tias thaum lub sij hawm ib tug embodiment, lub ua qhov rais yuav tshab. Qhov no yog yuav ua li cas ib tug tshiab zoo standard - tus tswv ntawm lub tag nrho ntawm cov teb chaws Europe tau sim ua kom lawv cov khoom translucent thiab ua si nyob rau hauv lub hnub. Ib me ntsis tom qab, cov thawj mis yog invented whereby lub molten iav nyob rau hauv ib qhov nqi ntawm ntxiv lead oxide. Tus tshiab formulation yuav ho hloov lub yam ntxwv ntawm lub tiav lawm cov khoom. Crystal polishing yooj yim, thaum ncau khoom yuav zoo nkauj tshaj.
Bohemian siv lead ua: lub keeb kwm ntawm Czech glassmakers
Khob khoom siv tes ua - ib tug ntawm cov hiob thiab feem ntau fwm nyob rau hauv Teb chaws Europe thiab crafts. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, nws masters thiab kev cob qhia nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov European lub teb chaws, tab sis lub npe nrov tshaj ua tsaug rau qhov no kos duab rau ntawm Bohemia thiab Venice. Murano iav (hu ua qhov chaw ntawm ntau lawm - cov kob ntawm Murano) yog distinguished los ntawm nws elegance, transparency thiab ntau yam ntawm cov xim los. Tag nrho cov no kev lig kev cai ntawm Venice masters rau hauv lub khob-blowing. Tab sis twb nyob rau hauv lub XIII xyoo pua nyob rau hauv Bohemia (keeb kwm lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub Czech koom pheej) twb tsim nyog counterparts ntawm Italian khob ntawm lub zos lawm. Niaj hnub no, Bohemian siv lead ua thiab iav yog prized rau nws extraordinary transparency. Tab sis lub tshuab uas ua rau ib tug zoo cov khoom, thawj sab lub npe ntawm tus tswv, uas nyob thiab ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Bohemia.
theem ntawm ntau lawm
Txawm niaj hnub no, nyob rau hauv ib tug muaj hnub nyoog ntawm scientific thiab hauj kev kawm, Bohemian siv lead ua yog suav tias yog ib tug nplua nuj thiab ib tug qhia tshwj xeeb saj ntawm tus tswv tsev. Tab sis yog vim li cas yog no hom li prized? Lub sij hawm thaum lub masters raug txwv tsis pub qhia txawm lawv cov txheeb ze tej lus tseeb muaj feem rau qhov ntau lawm, tau dhau lawm. Niaj hnub no, muaj ntau yam factories nyob rau hauv Bohemia siv leisure mus ncig ua si, thiab peb yuav sim kom to taub yuav ua li cas nws yog ua cov legendary siv lead ua thiab iav. Cov thawj theem ntawm ntau lawm - raw cov ntaub ntawv thiab qhuav tshuab khoom. Tom ntej no, lub resulting preform twb muab tso nyob rau hauv ib tug ntub dej ntoo pwm. Qhov thib peb theem - ib qho ntawm feem exciting - ib tug sib tsoo thiab txiav iav. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab txog lub delicacy ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm: lub sij hawm thaum lub sij hawm uas cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj peev xwm yuav kho tau, ib yam nkaus thiab luv luv. Feem ntau, thaum tus tswv siv preformed sketch. Cov kauj ruam tom ntej - cov creation ntawm reliefs thiab gilding. Thiab qhov kawg yog ua li cas polishing cov khoom tiav. Bohemian siv lead ua yog menyuam tsis tau tsuas yog rau nws kev zoo nkauj tab sis kuj rau qhov zoo. Tag nrho cov khoom kuaj thiab lub xub ntiag ntawm lub slightest ntawm kev sib yuav tsis mus rau lub khw thiab siv. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias niaj hnub no, lub khob thiab siv lead ua nyob rau hauv Bohemia yog tes-ua thiab tshwj xeeb cia cov kab nyob rau hauv stamping technology.
Crystal los yog iav?
Koj puas paub vim li cas no lub hub siv lead ua, thiab khob, yog li zoo li nws - iav? Lub ob ntaub ntawv yog tau los ntawm ib tug raw khoom txawv. Nws yog ntseeg hais tias yog hais tias tus lub khob ntawm 6 mus rau 36% cov hlau lead oxide, tej zaum nws yuav tsum tau hu ua siv lead ua. International zoo qauv - 24%. Nws yog ntseeg hais tias tus loj dua cov feem pua ntawm cov hmoov txhuas cov ntsiab lus, zoo dua tus siv lead ua. Cov neeg tseem ceeb thiab high-zoo cov khoom uas, ib feem ntawm uas no daim duab tshaj 30% cim. Bohemian siv lead ua (yees duab koj yuav pom nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm) yuav tsum muaj tsis muaj cua npuas thiab lwm yam inclusions. Cov khoom yuav tsum yog uniformly pob tshab thiab ci ntsa iab nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov qhov chaw, tsis muaj clouding.
zoo indicators, As
Yuav ua li cas mus xaiv siv lead ua thiab tsis txhob ua yuam kev thaum yuav? Tsoos iav embodiment check - meej khob mem hluav los yog lwm yam khoom rau ntawm iav ntug los yog nyias lub tais. Tag nrho thiab zoo khoom yuav teb qab ntxiag suab. Lwm cov kev xaiv thaum yuav ib tug lead ua kev soj ntsuam - muab tshuaj ntxuav nws ntub ntiv tes. Thawj thiab zoo khoom yuav emit ib qho kev nthuav suab, tab sis qhov dog dig iav thiab lwm yam analogs "kom ntsiag to." Tag nrho cov tais diav ua nyob rau hauv Bohemia, muaj ib tug "khov" leeg - rau hauv qab ntawm ib tug iav kav. Tsom iav thiab Bohemian siv lead ua vases (paj) muaj ib tug feature nyob rau hauv qab.
Yuav ua li cas npaum li cas yog zoo li no cov tais diav thiab cov hniav khoom?
Thaum lub sij hawm Soviet lub sij hawm, tej siv lead ua twb xam tau tias yog ib lub cim ntawm wealth, txhua txhua tus kheej-saib hostess yuav tsum tau muaj nyob ib ncig ntawm lub tsev xws tais diav. Tag nrho cov hnub caiv thiab kev tshwm sim yog txuam nrog rau cov melodic chimes ntawm tsom iav ntawm cov khoom no. Thiab tsis muaj zem tus siv lead ua yog suav tias yog ib lub cim ntawm saj thiab wealth: qhov zoo thiab kev zoo nkauj tiag tiag yuav tsum tau them. Nyob rau nruab nrab, ib lub teeb tsom iav yuav tau muas rau 3000-4000 rubles, thiab tej tib yam twj paj nruas pab nruab nrab-qhov loj los sis hniav sab hauv kho kom zoo nkauj - rau 2000-3000 rubles. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, peb yuav sib tham txog cov khoom Hoobkas ntau lawm. Phau ntawv ua hauj lwm yog tsim nyog ntau lub sij hawm ntau kim heev. Crystal glassware tsis muaj hnub nyoog, tab sis tsuas tau txawm zoo nrog lub xyoo dhau los. Raws li, antique vintage khoom qab zib Bohemian siv lead ua yuav raug nqi ib tug hmoov zoo. Feem ntau cov tsev rooj tog thiab cov tais diav yog muag nyob rau ntawm auction. Nws hloov tawm hais tias tus siv lead ua - nws tsis yog tsuas yog ib lub rooj dai kom zoo thiab tsim sab hauv, tab sis kuj yog ib tug nqi peev.