Lavxias teb sab Art Nouveau nyob rau hauv architecture

Lavxias teb sab Art Nouveau sawv los ntawm lub caij nyoog. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub 19-20 centuries nyob rau hauv yuav luag tag nrho cov Western European lub teb chaws uas koom nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv lub ntu ntawm imperialism, muaj ib co variations hauv no. lawv muaj ib tug ntau dua degree, nyob rau hauv kos duab thiab architecture industries. Russia lub accession mus rau lub thoob ntiaj teb imperialist system, lub nce nyob rau hauv lub inflow ntawm txawv teb chaws txiaj nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws lub lag luam rau ib tug loj raws li pab mus rau cov tsim thiab kis ntawm modernist currents. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm architecture critic tej yam ua ke txim stylization, rau ib tug eclectic, uas kuj pab mus rau txoj kev loj hlob kev taw qhia ntawm "Lavxias teb sab Art Nouveau."

Loj hlob txaus siab nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia tau tshwm sim los ntawm cov muaj nyob rau hauv nws tus ntsuj plig li innovation thiab innovation. Lavxias teb sab Art Nouveau nyob rau hauv architecture ntawm lub sij hawm uas xam tau tias yog raws li ib tug ntev ntawm rov qab los ntawm lub eclectic architecture thiab retrospectivism. Artistic qhia reflected cov kev txaus siab ntawm lub bourgeoisie, nrhiav los tsim ib tug tshiab style ntawm lub xyoo pua. Lavxias teb sab Art Nouveau tsis muaj ib tug tib stylistic qauv. Qhov no feature tso cai rau kom siv architecture raws li ib tug advertisement nyob rau hauv cov kev sib tw ntawm cov muaj thiab coj mus muag npe, raws li zoo raws li cov tswv tsev.

Lavxias teb sab architects ntsib nrog tus tshiab sib ntawm neighboring lub teb chaws, ncaj qha los yog los ntawm ntau yam ntaub ntawv. Yuav kom ib tug loj raws li, ntawm chav kawm, tam sim no txoj kev tshawb no coj qhov chaw thaum lub sij hawm nce qib ntawm periodical xovxwm. Piv txwv li, luam tawm nyob rau hauv 1872, lub magazine "kws kes duab vajtse" nrog zoo saib xyuas tus cwj pwm rau txawv teb chaws nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho, sau cia rau hauv lub hnyav rationalist nta ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm sib txawv ntawm cov zoo-paub txawv teb chaws architects: O. Wagner, A. Van tsib Velde, V. Horta thiab lwm tus neeg. Attracted los ntawm lawv lub siab xav rau functionality thiab simplicity.

Proponents ntawm cov style hu ua rau ib tug saib xyuas ntawm tag nrho cov yam ntawm architecture, muab nkaus rau lub artistic lig kev cai. Architecture nyob rau hauv Nouveau eliminates qhov xav tau mus rau hauv lub tsev tsoos yam schemes compositions. Tsim tau nqa tawm dawb do, noj mus rau hauv tus account qhov kev tsimnyog ntawm muab faib rau cov pab pawg thiab ib tug neeg cov chav. Yog li, lub pictorial thiab raug teem free peb-dimensional architectural qauv.

Ntawm kuj zoo kawg tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm txaus tau siv hlau thiab pob zeb ua lug. Yog li, mus ua kom tau qhov chaw thiab spans uas yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj tseeb rau cov muaj, banking, khw muag khoom thiab lwm cov pej xeem vaj tse. Yuav kom ci ntsa iab loj loj nqa tawm nrog kev pab los ntawm skylights thiab qhov rai loj loj. Nyob rau hauv pej xeem vaj tse muaj ua heev bay (lub protruding ib feem ntawm lub tsev) - tej zaum txawm ob peb cov plag tsev, cov qhov rais muaj tau ib tug txawv configuration. Lavxias teb sab Nouveau dramatically kho cov tsos ntawm lub tsev, muab nws ib tug cwj pwm.

Style rationalism yog kom meej meej manifested nyob rau hauv pej xeem cov vaj tse. Txhua loj qauv yog tshwj xeeb yog vim lub loj nto ntawm lub glazing, qhob qauv thiab txhawb cov qauv. Architects, nrhiav los tsim ib qho sab nraud originality, feem ntau resorted mus rau ntev li siv hniav ntsiab: txojkev, sculptures, mosaics. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, architects nyob rau hauv lawv cov kos duab kiag li tsis lees txais cov banal daim ntawv - es tsis txhob lawv siv tej styling ntsiab muaj. Thoob plaws arbitrary hloov ntawm lub niaj zaus circuits, tshaj-pretentious mannerisms thiab paub meej.

Nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm nws lub neej, lub Art Nouveau architecture nyob rau hauv Russia twb muab faib ua ob peb ceg. Ib tug ntawm cov ceg yog tsis pub dhau stylization. Nws architects nrhiav los tsim kom tau rau hauv lub legacy ntawm lub classics.