PCI-E x16 qhov: nta thiab txheeb xyuas. PCI-E x16 graphics card

Yuav luag tag nrho cov niam txiv niaj hnub tam sim no nruab nrog ib qho kev nthuav tawm PCI-E x16. Qhov no tsis yog xav tsis thoob: nws yog ntsia tau nrawm graphics accelerator, tsis muaj lub creation ntawm ib lub computer tus kheej tsim tsis yooj yim sua. Nws yog hais txog nws lub sijhawm ua ntej, kev paub meej thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev lag luam uas yuav tham tom qab.

Lub keeb kwm ntawm lub qhov nthuav dav expansion

Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 2000s, nrog rau cov AGP expansion qhov, uas nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm siv los mus nruab discrete graphics phaib, muaj yog ib qhov teeb meem thaum lub siab tshaj plaws kev kawm theem mus txog thiab nws muaj peev xwm yog tsis txaus. Yog li ntawd, lub consortium tau tsim PCI-SIG, uas pib tsim cov software thiab kho khoom nruab rau ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej rau kev txhim kho graphics accelerators. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm nws ua hauj lwm thiab ua nyob rau hauv 2002 thawj specification PCI Express 16 x 1.0.

Ib co tuam txhab lag luam tsim cov kev sib tw ntawm ob qho khoom ua ntsej tim ntsej muag uas twb muaj nyob hauv lub sijhawm no tau tsim tshwj xeeb cov cuab yeej kam tso cai rau nruab kev teeb tsa cov qauv nruab nrab ntawm kev nthuav tawm tshiab. Nyob rau hom lus ntawm cov tub txawg, txoj kev loj hlob tau nws lub npe - PCI-E x16 / AGP adapter. Nws lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog txo cov nqi kho kom zoo dua lub PC los ntawm kev siv cov khoom ntawm lub txheej txheem qub dhau los ntawm lub tshuab ua haujlwm. Tab sis qhov kev xyaum no tsis tau nthuav dav vim hais tias cov pib video phaib ntawm tus tshiab interface tau them tus nqi yuav luag sib luag rau cov nqi ntawm tus adapter.

Ib txhij, kev hloov kho ntawm qhov kev nthuav tawm no tau tsim rau lwm tus neeg sab nraud, uas hloov qhov chaw nres tsheb PCI li niaj zaus. Txawm tias zoo li qhov zoo sib xws, cov cuab yeej no txawv heev. Yog tias AGP thiab PCI yuav khav ntawm kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, ces PCI Express yog ib qho kev sib txuas. Nws qhov kev ua tau zoo dua yog muab los ntawm qhov kev nce cov ntaub ntawv xa mus rau cov lus sib tw (cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no yuav raug xa mus nyob hauv ob qho lus qhia ib zaug).

Kev kis tau sai thiab txoj kev muab encryption

Hauv kev teev npe ntawm PCI-E x16 interface Daim duab qhia tias cov naj npawb txuam rau cov ntaub ntawv xa tawm. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, muaj 16. Txhua tus ntawm, tig mus, muaj 2 khi ntawm xov hlau rau kev xa cov ntaub ntawv. Raws li tau hais tseg, kev siab dua yog qhov tseeb uas cov khub no ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv hom dav dua. Ntawd yog, qhov kev hloov ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem mus ua ob qho tib si.

Kom tiv thaiv tau cov nyiaj poob qis los yog kev quab yuam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xa mus, kev tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb txog kev tiv thaiv, hu ua 8V / 10V, yog siv rau hauv qhov interface no. Qhov kev xaiv no yog kho raws li nram qab no: kev kho kom raug thiab muaj tseeb ntawm 8 cov khoom khaws tseg, nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tau ntxiv rau lawv nrog 2 qhov kev pabcuam khoom ua haujlwm. Hauv qhov no, lub kaw lus yuav tsum hloov 20 feem pua ntawm cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog, uas rau tus neeg siv ntawm lub koos pis tawj tsis muaj lub luag haujlwm. Tab sis qhov no yog ib qho nqi rau kev lag luam txhim khu kev lag luam thiab ruaj khov ntawm lub subsystem ntawm lub computer, thiab tsis muaj qhov no, yeej tsis ua.

PCI-E Versions

Lub PCI-E x16 connector yog externally tib yam rau tag nrho cov motherboards. Tsuas yog ntawm no qhov kev hloov ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hloov nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub yuav txawv heev. Yog li ntawd, qhov ceev ntawm lub cuab yeej tseem txawv. Kev hloov kho ntawm qhov graphical interface yog:

• Kev hloov kho thib 1 ntawm PCI-Express x16 v. 1.0 muaj ib tug theoretical throughput of 8 Gb / s.
• Lub cim thib PCI-nthuav qhia x16 v. 2.0 twb boasted ob zaug lub bandwidth - 16 GB / s.
• Ib tug zoo sib xws tau raug tswj rau qhov thib peb version ntawm no interface. Hauv qhov no, qhov ntsuas no tau teem rau ntawm 64 Gb / s.

Dig muag, txawv los ntawm arrangement ntawm cov neeg no slots yog tsis tau. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm lawv sib txawv. Piv txwv li, yog hais tias tus qhov version 3.0 los tsim ib tug nqi graphics card uas fits nyob rau hauv lub cev txheej specification 2.0, tag nrho cov system ntawm kev graphics yeej hloov mus rau tsawg high-ceev hom (ie, 2.0), thiab yuav muaj nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej rau koj khiav lag luam nws nrog ib tug muaj peev xwm ntawm 64 GB / S.

Thawj tiam ntawm PCI Express

Raws li nws tau hais ua ntej lawm, thawj thawj zaug PCI Express tau pib rau xyoo 2002. Nws cov zis cim rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kheej cov computers nrog ob peb lub graphics adapters, uas kuj boasted txawm nrog ib tug ntsia accelerator nce ceev. AGP 8X txuj cai pub nkag mus tau los ntawm kev siv 2.1 Gb / s, thiab thawj kho dua tshiab ntawm PCI Express - 8 Gb / s.

Ntawm chav kawm, tham txog ib yim kev nce qib tsis tsim nyog. 20 feem pua ntawm qhov nce tau siv los hloov cov kev pabcuam, uas pom zoo rau kev pom kev.

Qhov kev hloov kho thib ob ntawm PCI-E

Los hloov tus thawj tiam ntawm lub graphical neeg siv interface nyob rau hauv 2007 tuaj PCI-E 2. 0 x16. Daim video phaib ntawm lub cim thib, raws li tau sau tseg yav dhau los, tau cev nqaij daim tawv thiab programmatically nrog rau thawj kev hloov kho ntawm qhov interface no. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no tus ceev cov graphics system mus rau theem ntawm version of PCI Express 1.0 16x twb ho txo.

Raws li, qhov txwv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kis tau tus mob hauv qhov no yog 16 Gb / s. Tab sis 20 feem pua ntawm qhov nce tau siv rau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm. Yog li, thawj zaug, qhov tseeb kis tau tus mob yog: 8 Gb / s - (8 Gb / s x 20%: 100%) = 6.4 Gb / s. Thiab rau tus thib ob version ntawm lub graphic interface, qhov no tus nqi twb dhau los no: 16 Gb / s - (16 Gb / s x 20%: 100%) = 12.8 Gb / s. Muab 12,8 Gb / s ntawm 6.4 Gb / s tib yam sib npaug, peb tau txais qhov tseeb nce ntawm 2 lub sij hawm ntawm 1 st thiab 2 nd PCI Express.

Qhov thib peb tiam

Lub xeem thiab feem ntau hloov tshiab ntawm no interface tau tso tawm rau hauv 2010. Lub ncov ceev PCI-E x16 hauv qhov no tau nce mus rau 64 Gb / s, thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm daim duab adapter tsis muaj hwj huam ntxiv nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no sib npaug nrog 75 W.

Variants ntawm configurations nrog ntau accelerators nraaj hauv ib lub PC. Lawv cov vaj tse thiab kev tsim

Ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nrhav ntawm no interface yog tseem muaj ntau yam graphics adapters nyob rau hauv lub log-E PCI x16. Cov ntawv teev lus pov thawj (video cards) tau muab tso ua ke nrog txhua daim ntawv thiab ib daim ntawv, muaj txiaj ntsig, ib yam khoom siv. Lawv cov kev ua tiav tag nrho yog xaus, thiab qhov no ua rau nws ua tau kom nce lub ceev ntawm lub PC qee lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov duab tso tawm. Rau cov kev daws teeb meem ntawm NVidia, hom no hu ua SLI, thiab rau cov txheej txheem ntawm AMD - CrossFire.

Lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm tus txheej txheem no

PCI-E x16 qhov Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej yeej yuav tsis hloov. Qhov no yuav cia ntau dua cov ntawv teev lus graphics siv los ua ib feem ntawm cov PCs legacy thiab, los ntawm qhov no, mus nqa ib qho kev nce qib ntawm lub computer. Tam sim no tus specifications ntawm lub 4th version ntawm no txoj kev ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kis tau tus mob yog ua haujlwm tawm. Rau graphics adapters nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no nws yuav tsum tau muab ib tug tshaj plaws bandwidth ntawm 128 Gb / s. Qhov no tso cai rau koj mus tso saib cov duab ntawm qhov screen monitor li "4K" los yog ntau tshaj.

Ntsiab lus

Xijpeem nws yog, thiab PCI-E x 16 nyob rau lub sijhawm no yog qhov tsis muaj lwm qhov duab thiab qhov interface. Nws yuav yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau lub sijhawm ntev. Nws tsis pub tsim ob qho tib si nkag hauv computer systems thiab kev ua tau zoo PCs nrog ntau tus accelerators. Nws yog vim qhov no yooj yooj yim thiab tsis muaj qhov hloov tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv no niche.