Poov tshuaj thiocyanate - ib tug tshuaj lom tshuaj siv nyob rau hauv analytical Science News for KIDS

Poov tshuaj thiocyanate (nyob rau hauv niaj hnub IUPAC nomenclature - poov tshuaj thiocyanate) - muaju tsis muaj xim thiab tsw; nyob rau hauv finely faib tau dawb. Cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw muaj ib tug ntsim saj pungent, yog lom. Poov tshuaj thiocyanate yog ib co soluble nyob rau hauv ntau cov kuab tshuaj, xws li dej, ethanol, thiab amyl haus dej cawv.

txais tos

Tus compound twb npaj nkaus xwb los ntawm tshuaj txhais tau tias, distinguishes nws los ntawm tej yam ntuj tso los (cov ntshav thiab cov qaub ncaug ntawm cov neeg) - yog kim heev. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav coj los ua ke rau hauv lub poov tshuaj thiocyanate, tsim nyog los mus sib tov kev daws teeb meem ntawm ammonium thiocyanate thiab poov tshuaj hydroxide (lub npe - poov tshuaj hydroxide).

Xyaum ua tej yam twb nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ib tug hood, vim hais tias cov ammonia yuav ua tshuaj kub nyhiab thiab lom; ces pom ntawm lub lim tshuaj twb evaporated thiab cov residue muab muaju ntawm yam tshuaj. Thaum cov qhov tso zis khoom xya caum feem pua thiab txaus ammonium thiocyanate ntshiab qauv, qhov no txoj kev no zoo heev.

Lwm txoj kev yog leej faj alloyed nrog poov tshuaj cyanide, tab sis xws li ib tug txheej txheem rau qhov kev npaj ntawm poov tshuaj thiocyanate yog heev txaus ntshai vim hais tias ntawm lub high school toxicity ntawm cyanide.

daim ntawv thov

Ii poov tshuaj thiocyanate, derivatives thereof, thiab cov kev daws uas sib txawv ntau ntawm ib tug ob peb sectors. Piv txwv li:

• Textile kev lag luam.
• Photographic zaj duab xis.
• Organic synthesis.
• Analytical Science News for KIDS.

Cov cheeb tsam ntawm siv

1. Nyob rau hauv lub textile kev lag luam. poov tshuaj thiocyanate tshuaj no yog siv rau etching ntaub so ntswg, e.g. - txhob lo lo ntxhuav, thaum lub sij hawm daim ntawv thov thiab tuav kom tau khaws cia rau hauv lub pib thaj chaw ntawm cov khoom.
2. Nyob rau hauv cov organic synthesis. Los ntawm poov tshuaj thiocyanate tsim ib co organic tshuaj, xws li thiourea, ib tug hluavtaws mustard roj thiab ntau yam dyes. Tsis tas li ntawd tau nrog kev pab los ntawm lwm yam thiocyanates, e.g. - tooj liab thiocyanate-2.
3. Nyob rau hauv analytical Science News for KIDS, poov tshuaj thiocyanate tshuaj no yog siv rau cov kev txiav txim ntawm cations ntawm trivalent hlau nyob rau hauv cov khoom. Ib tug piv txwv piv txwv yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, uas yuav poov tshuaj thiocyanate thiab ferric chloride-3, kuj hu ua "cov ntshav dej", uas ib tug purplish-liab poov tshuaj hexacyanoferrate 3; lub npe - ntshav liab ntsev. Thiocyanates kuj siv rau kev sib cais ntawm tsis tshua muaj co xws li thorium thiab lanthanum. Thiocyanate, poov tshuaj tshuaj dawb thiab jelly lately pab nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov dag cov ntshav rau kinosomok, tab sis qhov no txoj kev mus los ntawm cov wayside vim cov kev taw qhia nyob rau hauv cov zaj duab xis ntau lawm ntawm computer graphics.
4. Nyob rau hauv ua liaj ua teb, los ntawm cov kev daws tau Thiocyanates muaj zog tua kab. Nws muaj ob tshua:

• Thawj - tau txais roj thiocyano los ntawm Hmong poov tshuaj ntsev; Rodan yog ib tug heev txaus ntshai roj rau tag nrho cov uas muaj sia nyob thiab yog tsis tshua muaj siv.
• Ob - dissolving poov tshuaj thiocyanate, them nyiaj tso thaum lub sij hawm hydrolysis tsianovodorodnoy acid thiab oxidation ntawm lub resulting tshuaj rau cyanogen. Cyan - tsis muaj tsawg toxic, tab sis ntau hnyav roj piv nrog Rodan, thiab yog li ntawd feem ntau yog siv raws li ib tug insecticide.

Poov tshuaj thiocyanate yog ib tug tshuaj lom tshuaj lub tuag koob tshuaj yog hais txog 0.9 grams ntawm tshuaj ib kilogram ntawm lub cev hnyav rau qhov ncauj kev npaj ntawm lub compound.

muaj

poov tshuaj thiocyanate yuav yuav nyob rau hauv tej khw tshuaj, tab sis nyob rau hauv me me qhov ntau vim hais tias ntawm lub theej siab toxicity. Qhov nruab nrab nqi ntawm ib tug reagent - plaub rubles ib kilogram, muag feem ntau yog tas rau ob phaus ib tug neeg.

kev ruaj ntseg

Vim nws toxicity, poov tshuaj thiocyanate yuav tsum tau muab cia rau hauv tshwj xeeb tej yam kev mob raws li qhov kev ruaj ntseg cov kev cai rau tuav tej yam tshuaj lom:

1. Muaju thiab cov kev daws ntawm poov tshuaj thiocyanate txwv tsis pub noj thiab mas undesirable ingress ntawm kev daws teeb meem nrog ib tug high school cov concentration ntawm cov yooj yim tshuaj rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
2. Txawm tias muaj tseeb tias cov tshuaj yog tshuaj lom tsuas yog thaum ua ntawv thov inward ua hauj lwm nrog cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw yog ntshaw nyob rau hauv roj hmab hnab looj tes lab lub tsho tiv no, thiab, raws li nrog tag nrho cov tshuaj nyob rau theem pib muaj kev ruaj ntseg uas yuav tsum tau.
3. Nws yog tsim nyog los cais tawm hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov me nyuam thiab cov neeg uas tsis muaj kev paub txog lub ti teg taw raws li nws muaj peev xwm ua rau tsis kaj siab tshwm sim nrog lub tsis reagents, siv tsis raws cai, thiab cia li tuag.
4. Txij li thaum nonflammable tshuaj thiab txaus ruaj khov nyob rau hauv cov huab cua, nws yog ua tau los mus tswj lub cia substance nyob rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj nti. qhuav txee dai khaub ncaws. Tsis txhob siab cov av noo thiab ncaj qha tshav ntuj, raws li yuav tshwm sim vim deterioration ntawm lub reagent decomposition ntawm nws tivthaiv qhov chaw. Tsis tas li ntawd standard NFPA 704 orthorhombic labeling muaj cov nram qab cim: 3 0 0 W, nyob rau 3 (ib tug xiav lozenge) - toxicity, 0 (liab thiab daj) - flammability thiab reactivity, thiab W - cim rau kev sis raug zoo nrog cov dej, uas yog tso tawm lom thiocyanic acid.

Thiab nco ntsoov, tshuaj thwmsim - nws yog amazing thiab tshwj xeeb, tiam sis yeej tsis tsis saib xyuas kev ruaj ntseg ceev faj!