RATAN 600: lub hom phiaj thiab txoj ntsiab cai ntawm cov lag luam

RATAN-600 - qhov loj tshaj plaws xov tooj cua telescope nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, nyob rau hauv Karachaevo-Cherkessia. Lub hom daim iav muaj ib lub cheeb ntawm 576 meters, thiab cov geometrical kav hlau txais xov cheeb tsam yog 15000 ^m2. Lub tsom iav raj no yog tsim los kawm txog cov planets, lub hnub, galaxies, extragalactic khoom, spectral emissions, thiab lwm yam hom phiaj.

Keeb kwm: RATAN-600

Lub tswv yim ntawm lub tsev ib lub xov tooj cua lub tsom iav raj rau lub hauv paus ntawm domestic ua hauj lwm S. E. Haykina thiab N. L. Kaydanovskogo tseem ceeb heev rau lub 50s. Chiv ib tsav Pulkovo telescope yog tsim los pab rau lub hauv paus uas lub efficiency ntawm nce mus nce los-profile antennas rau qhov chaw tshawb fawb tau qhov tseeb.

Nws yog tus mob khaub thuas ua tsov ua rog, thaum tus US thiab USSR rivalry strained rau cov kev txwv. Cov thawj coj tshwm sim lub lub community launch ntawm cov thawj satellite, yuav tsum tau (mus rau lub delight ntawm zaum) rau ntsaub txoj kev vam meej ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm cov neeg pej khoom ntawm qhov chaw tshawb kawm. Lawv ua cim rau 'meter' azimuthal tsom iav raj iav BTA thiab RATAN-600. Qhov kawg cua ntsawj ntshab saws 18.08.1965 xyoo.

Los ntawm lub caij ntuj sov ntawm 1974, lub sab qaum teb sector ntawm lub Reflector tau muab cob thiab lub irradiator №1. Tus thawj lub xov tooj cua qhov chaw PKS 0521-36 twb soj ntsuam 12.07.1974 xyoo. By pib ntawm 1977, lub tshuav qhov chaw ntawm lub complex tau pib: ib tug ca Reflector, yav qab teb, sab hnub tuaj thiab hnub poob sectors.

piav qhia

RATAN-600 tsom iav raj yog ua los ntawm lub Tshwj xeeb Astrophysical Observatory ntawm Lavxias teb sab Academy ntawm Sciences (Sao) - tsuas yog ib nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab lub ntiaj teb no-chav kawm observatory. Nruas nta 576 'meter' yeej kav hlau txais xov (yeej Reflector) muaj 895 ntsiab. Qhov luaj li cas ntawm txhua tus ntawm txais lub caij - 2 m dav thiab 11,4 m siab.

Nruas 15000 m ² kav hlau txais xov nws tus kheej los ntawm tag nrho cov cheeb tsam (txheej ib feem) yuav siv sij hawm tsuas 3500 m ^2. Lub puab feem yog ib qho qhib qhov chaw nyob qhov twg cov dab raug teem, ib tug ntau yam ntawm pab kiag li lawm, tau txais thiab cais cosmic tawg.

RATAN-600 yog ntsia, uas yog ib qho impressive yees duab, nyob rau hauv lub yav qab teb tuaj txog pem ntwg ntawm lub zos Zelenchukskaya (Karachaevo-Cherkessia). Cov kev sib hais haum Observatory, nrog rau kuaj vaj tse, thaj vaj tse, lub tsev kawm ntawv, nyob ntawm tus ntug dej ntawm tus hav dej Great Zelenchuk nyob ze Nizhne-Arkhyz hais sib haum 9-13 centuries.

kev yam ntxwv

Cov kev ntsuas siv RATAN-600 tshiab telescope cov qauv: altazimutalnaya mount, ib tug aperture synthesis thiab tswj nto. Ntsiab Nta:

• Zaus teb: 610-30000 MHz.
• Wavelength ntau: 1-50 cm.
• Raug: 1-10 vib nas this ntawm arc.
• Lub angular tshaj plaws kev daws teeb meem ntawm 2 arc. sec.
• Cov nrhiav kom tau tsis pub tshaj ntawm lub brightness kub: 0,050 MK.
• Kom paub tias txwv flux ceev: 0,500 mYanskih.

Ua tsaug rau cov pab neeg ntawm cov kev soj ntsuam uas tsim kom muaj thiab lossi kev txhim kho cov pab kiag li lawm, lub complex tseem yog ib tug lub caij tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv tus xyuas ntawm lub cosmos.

tau txais cockpit

Apart ntawm ib tug yeej Reflector, sau thiab ywm ntaub ntawv (tawg) nruab nrog tsib tau txais RATAN cabins. Lawv cov ntaubntawv povthawj siv kiag li lawm.

Booths ntawm railway platforms, uas koj kom lawv txav 12 radial tseem khiav. Mobility muab txoj kev tshawb no cov khoom sib txawv azimuths nrog ib tug suab ntawm 30 °.

scientific ua hauj lwm

Lub CAO siv ntau qhov kev pab cuam ntawm kev tshawb fawb ntau, xws li:

• Comprehensive txoj kev tshawb no ntawm hnub ci kev ua si nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj cua.
• Astrometria nrog limiting angular daws teeb meem (speckle interferometry) binary thiab ntau tus neeg lub hnub qub thiab Hnub Qub nrog ncua atmospheres.
• High Resolution spectroscopy atmospheres thiab cua ntau hom ntawm cov hnub qub (nyob rau hauv particular, tus complex tau ua ib tug loj tsum ntsuas ntawm magnetic teb ntawm cov hnub qub).
• Xov tooj cua thiab kho qhov muag spectroscopy ntawm nebulae nyob rau hauv peb thiab lwm yam galaxies.
• Photometry sab nqaij daim tawv kev daws teeb meem tsis pub tshaj ntawm relativistic khoom (pulsars, dub qhov, thiab lwm yam).
• Photometry thiab spectroscopy ntsis thiab tsis tshua muaj kev daws teeb meem microquasars, gravitational lo ntsiab muag, li qub thiab peculiar galaxies, ib tug neeg hnub qub nyob rau hauv lawv.
• Lub tsev ib spatial thiab kinematic daim duab ntawm lub zos pab pawg neeg ntawm galaxies.
• Photometry spectroscopy thiab kho qhov muag Cheebtsam ntawm gamma-peaks ntawm cosmological mus.
• Radiokartirovanie microwave tom qab ntawm lub ntug.

RATAN-600 (Zelenchuk) muaj tus txheej xwm ntawm ib qho qhib qhia cov cuab yeej. Nrog rau domestic astronomers ib tug tseem ceeb ib feem ntawm lub tsom kwm lub sij hawm tseg rau txawv teb chaws lug txhawb cov miv, raws li ib tug txoj cai, rau qhov kev siv ntawm ob leeg tej yaam num.

Modernization

Ntau xyoo dhau los CAO nws tau tsim ib tug tshwj xeeb pab neeg ntawm cov astronomers, ntsuas tswv. Nyob rau lub xyoo caum kawg, cov kws txawj retool tsom iav raj tawg receivers muaj thiab lossi ua nws tus yam ntxwv: rhiab heev, spectral, spatial thiab sab nqaij daim tawv kev daws teeb meem.

Nyob rau hauv kev, rov-txawm peem rau kev tsav tsheb cov khoom theem nrab irradiators RATAN-600 thiab nkag tau cia tswj system tso irradiators. Ib tug tshiab version ntawm lub hnub ci spectral thiab polarization ntawm lub complex high-txhais (SPKVR-2) khiav los ntawm 2008.

Rau qhia li kev soj ntsuam ntawm lub hnub tsim ib qho hauv internet pab, uas ua tiag tiag-lub sij hawm cov ntaub ntawv sau thiab tsom xam. Nws muaj kev pab rau cov kev tshawb fawb thiab tsom xam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, xws li ib tug kev sib piv nrog cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm lwm yam kev seev, mus nrhiav tau spectra thiab lwm yam tsis ntawm lub zos chaw.

Ua hauj lwm tseem nyob rau kev siv ntawm ib tug thawj pub theem chaw uas tso cai rau koj mus rau "tshem khoom" lub homphiaj thiab ua kev nyob rau hauv them nyiaj yug ntawm multi-zaus hom ( "octave" peb tes num irradiators №1 thiab №3).
Ua hauj lwm yog nyob rau hauv kev tshawb nrhiav thiab xyuas ntawm sab nraud cuam nyob rau hauv lub UHF band tom kawm tiav ntawm kev txais tos paths rau kev tiv thaiv los ntawm electromagnetic cuam radiometers uas ntsuas.

tus neeg tham lwm txoj kev tshawb no

CAO saib xyuas kev tshawb fawb cov kev pab tsim los teeb rau lub mysteries ntawm lub ntug. Ntawm cov ntsiab tej yaam num:

• Tshav tshawb fawb.
• Tus qauv thiab kinematics ntawm lub interstellar roj nyob rau hauv lub hnub qub txoj kev cheeb tsam.
• Kev ua extragalactic xov tooj cua qhov chaw.
• Nrhiav relativistic dav hlau nyob rau hauv active galaxies thiab quasars.
• Kev tshawb nrhiav ntawm cov qauv thiab cov kinematics ntawm lub interstellar roj nyob rau hauv lub hnub qub.
• Kawm spectra ntawm extragalactic proto-khoom.
• Cosmological noob.
• Kev Saib Xyuas nyob rau Matrix hluav taws xob system MARS-3.
• Multi-wavelength soj khoom LSI + 61,303.
• Txoj kev tshawb no ntawm spectra thiab variability ntawm GPS-qhov chaw.
• Tib mus spectra ntawm BL Lac khoom.
• Xyuas microquasars.

zoo

Cov qhov zoo ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab tsom iav raj kws txawj faib:

• cheeb tsam loj nonaberrational teb;
• multifrequency ntsuam (0,6-35 GHz);
• nce kev daws teeb meem;
• nce rhiab heev ntawm lub brightness kub.

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo tom ntej yuav tau ua twb zoo RATAN: Ministry of Education ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation nyob rau hauv 2015 tau txiav txim siab los faib 100 lab rubles rau lub installation ntawm mobile units. Yog hais tias tam sim no lub xov tooj cua lub tsom iav raj soj ntsuam cov khoom nyob rau hauv ncaj qha txoj kab ntawm pom, ces tom qab txawj tej yam ntxiv yuav tsum tau mus nrog tus kawm lub hom phiaj. Qhov no yog ib tug tshwj xeeb sij hawm los nthuav lub functionality ntawm lub complex.

Txawm tias nws txoj kev kwv rau lub hnub nyoog, RATAN-600 tseem yuav loj tshaj plaws hauv xov tooj cua lub tsom iav raj rau lub square. Sib txeeb nws yog qhov tseeb Suav complex nrog FAST pyatisotmetrovoy aperture.