Tog: deciphering abbreviations tog lub npe, uas ua si ib qho tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws yav dhau los

Lub keeb kwm ntawm no yuav txo tau originates nyob rau hauv lub thib kaum cuaj caug xyoo. Nws tag nrho cov pib nrog me me voj voog ntawm Socialists uas raug tsim txom nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab teb chaws Ottoman. Nws nchuav nws tag nrho cov nyob rau hauv ib tug haib thiab zoo-koom loj tog, uas yog nyob rau hauv lub kawg yog lub npe tis rau cov Communist tog. Deciphering no tsiaj ntawv yog txaus, ib qho yooj yim thiab txhais tau tias ntawm ideological thiab thaj tivthaiv. Txawm li cas los, ua ntej tej yam uas ua ntej.

Tsim kom muaj kev

Cov puas tawm xyoo dhau nyob rau hauv kev yog nplua nuj heev nyob rau hauv ntau hom demonstrations tiv thaiv cov tub ceev xwm rau kev nom kev tswv thiab pej xeem txoj cai. Peb pib no sib ntaus sib tua Decembrists, thiab ces nqa los ntawm heev heev university clubs thiab cov koom haum. Lub tswv yim ntawm socialism muaj kev koom nce thiab nce thaum lub sij hawm lub reign ntawm Alexander II. Nrug-kev ywj pheej tus cwj pwm feem ntau ntawm cov haiv neeg tau ib tug fertile av rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tswv yim ntawm siab thiab kev sib raug zoo-kev ywj pheej views. Populism kuj pab mus rau kis ntawm socialist tswv yim nyob rau hauv lub loj heev expanses ntawm Russia. Lub koom haum "Av thiab kev ywj pheej" hom phiaj koom nyob rau hauv lub popularization ntawm lub tswv yim ntawm socialism nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws. Tag nrho cov koom haum twb, li ntawd, yuav hais lus, lub forerunner ntawm cov loj loj thiab influential Communist tog. Deciphering lo lus suab zoo li lub Communist tog ntawm lub Soviet Union. Txawm li cas los, ua ntej nws tshwm sim nws yog tseem heev nyob deb deb. Nyob rau hauv lub 80 xyoo ntawm lub puas tawm xyoo, Georgi Plekhanov nrhiav tau tus thawj Lavxias teb sab lub tuam txhab sawv nyob rau hauv txoj haujlwm ntawm socialism thiab Marxism, uas tom qab equated communism nrog me kev hloov kho.

Lub ib ce thiab downs ntawm tsim ntawm socialist cov koom haum

Txawm li cas los, cov "pab pawg neeg ntawm Liberation of Labor" yog me me thiab tsis txaus siab rau lub zog txhawb nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab socialist ib puag ncig. George V. tshaj li cov kev ua ub thiab tau ntsib nrog zoo xws li cov pab pawg los ntawm Kiev thiab Minsk, nyob rau lub hauv paus ntawm no ua hauj lwm, nws tau ntsib nrog V. I. Ulyanovym. Xub thawj, lub views ntawm ob lub thawj coj ntawm lub socialist zog coincided, thiab kev sib nrig sib zog lawv tau ua txhua yam kom cov tawg khiav ri niab los ntawm tag nrho cov zos thiab lub zos ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws thiab cov pab pawg neeg ntawm cov cell tsim nyob rau hauv ib tug kev ua si. Yuav ua li cas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub founding congress nyob rau hauv Minsk, qhov no yog cov neeg sab nrauv uas lub neej yav tom ntej nrog ideological thiab tus kheej style hloov CPSU. Deciphering tsim nyob rau hauv 1898, cov neeg sab nrauv yog sib txawv heev los ntawm cov tsoos Communist tog, thaum lub sij hawm tsim ntawm lub RSDLP nws twb hu ua, uas txhais tau tias Lavxias teb sab Social ywj pheej Labor Party.

Ideological thiab lub koom haum sib txawv

Txawm li cas los, nws tsis yog tsuas yog tus metamorphosis uas tshwm sim nrog rau lub npe ntawm cov neeg sab nrauv. Raws li hais saum toj no, lub founding txiv ntawm tus tshiab nom tswv lub txhab Georgi Plekhanov thiab Vladimir Ulyanov nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej heev sib nrug deb heev nyob rau hauv lawv views on lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm Russia thiab nws cov reorganization thiab cov hau kev ntawm cov kho. Qhov no ua rau qhib clashes ntawm UFW ntawm cov thawj thiab thib ob cov thawj coj, thiab ces reflected nyob rau hauv lub koom haum kev txiav txim ntawm cov neeg sab nrauv. Twb nyob rau tom ntej tawm (tom qab founding) muaj ib tug faib nyob rau hauv lub tog ntawm Mensheviks taws los Plekhanov thiab cov Bolsheviks, coj los ntawm Lenin, txawm li cas los, cov sab nraud kev sib sau ntawm cov neeg sab nrauv tseem yuav kom txog thaum 1917. Txawm li cas los, ideological thiab methodological sib txawv coj mus rau Lenin tawm los ntawm lub ntsiab tog ntawv - cov ntawv xov xwm "Iskra". Lub cais nyob rau hauv lub tog tag nrho cov muaj zog, Plekhanov thiab nws pab nyob rau hauv lub ntsis kev ywj pheej txaus qhia, xaiv raws li lub thawj txoj kev ntawm transformation kho kom zoo, thiab lub Bolsheviks yog radically txawv cwj pwm thiab yooj yim txoj kev ntawm kev hloov pom tau hais tias kev ua phem nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov proletarian kiv puag ncig.

Creation ntawm Lavxias teb sab Communist tog

Nyob rau hauv lub Plaub Hlis 1917, muaj ib tug ntev-simmering kev tshwm sim. Lub Bolshevik faction thaum kawg dissociated nws tus kheej los ntawm cov RSDLP foundation uas nruab nrab yog cov hauj sim Mensheviks thiab tsim nws tus kheej RCP (B), uas lub hauv paus ntawm ib tug yav tom ntej Committee. Decryption yog lub tshiab Bolshevik lub koom haum meej characterizes nws ideological views, thiab nyeem raws li nram no: lub Lavxias teb sab Communist Party (Bolsheviks). Meej nrog tsab ntawv "B" nyob rau hauv pab pawg txawm ntau ntxiv hais txog qhov txawv ntawm cov neeg sab nrauv los ntawm cov classic Western lus qhuab qhia ntawm kev tswj hwm thiab txawm communism, Lenin ua ib co kev hloov nyob rau hauv lub tswvyim tsim los ntawm Karl Marx, adapting nws lub Lavxias teb sab kev muaj tiag, tab sis nws tsis yog tus kawg npe ntawm cov neeg sab nrauv. Tom qab lub yeej nyob rau hauv ib tug armed uprising nyob rau hauv Lub kaum hli ntuj 1917, lub RCP (B) dua hloov nws lub npe, yog li xav mus sab laj txog lawv universality thiab rov tshwm sim raws li qhov kev txiav txim tog. Txij li thaum 1925 nws lub npe hu ua lub VKP (b), thiab tau lub npe twb hloov nyob rau hauv 1952 mus rau hauv lub Communist tog. Deciphering lub npe ntawm 1925 hloov tsuas yog me ntsis, lo lus "Lavxias teb sab" twb hloov mus rau "Tag nrho cov-Russia", thiab tus so tseem unchanged.

Lub irony ntawm cov neeg thiab cov hauj tsiaj

Zoo li lwm yam kev nom kev tswv lub koom haum, nws yog tus kav lub cev, cov uas tau txais ib tug tsiaj ntawv. Nyob rau hauv peb cov ntaub ntawv nws yog ib lub Central Committee ntawm lub CPSU, deciphering suab zoo li lub Central Committee ntawm lub tog. Thaum nws yog ib tug thawj tswj hwm ntawm Yuri Andropov, leej twg tau ua tus thawj coj ntawm lub xeev Security Committee, cov neeg jokingly renamed lub cev lub ntsiab. Nws tau raug hu lub Cheka Committee. Deciphering no title ironically kho raws li ib tug KGB tog pawg neeg. Thiab cov KGB ntawm lub USSR State Security tub ceev xwm tau hu ua. Yog li, tus txhais lus los ntawm cov lo lus ntawm lub CPSU qhia tau hais tias peb cov evolution ntawm cov keeb kwm cov npe, hloov ideological tswv yim, thiab expanding tus ntawm cov nom tswv lub tuam tsev.