Tsis Siv Neeg Bulkin AB-46: ib tug txheej txheem cej luam ntawm tus yam ntxwv thiab nthuav tseeb

Tej lub tshuab Bulkin tau txais Manufacturing Index TKB-415, yog tsim nyob rau hauv 1945. Tam sim ntawd tom qab lub creation ntawm qhov riam phom muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv cov kev sib tw GAU USSR Armed Forces, sib tw nyob rau hauv sib npaug zos cov ntsiab lus nrog lwm yam uas zoo sib xws zaus. Nyob rau hauv ib tug ob peb xyoos no qauv tau poob ib co tsis variations CB-P-580, tom qab ntawd hu mus rau lub masses li cov AK-47.

Ib me ntsis txog cov designer

Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias lub tshuab Bulkin tsis dav siv, nws txoj kev loj hlob tau ua ib tug loj pab mus rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Soviet me me caj npab. Hais txog qhov kev constructor yog me ntsis paub. Ua ntej tsov rog nws ua hauj lwm nyob KB NIPSVO. Nyob rau hauv 1942-43. ua ke nrog I. tuav Rakov vim tsis siv neeg phom loj thiab tshuab rab phom. Nyob rau hauv 1943, peb dhau lub xeem tshuab rab phom uas tsim los ntawm no engineer. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws tau tsim ib tug carbine TKB-32 nrog ib tug tsis siv neeg locking mechanism.

Nyob rau hauv 1944, ib tug uas tau siv lub tshuab Bulkin AB-44 twb qhia, thiab nyob rau hauv 1948, lub designer tau muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv cov creation ntawm high-ceev aircraft phom. Cov ua hauj lwm twb ua nyob rau hauv kev koom tes nrog NM Afanasyev thiab Berezinym M. E. tom ntej txoj hmoo yog tsis paub hais tias gunsmith. Rau cov tsis paub yog vim li cas, ib tug private teeb meem thiab tag nrho cov biographical cov ntaub ntawv engineer tau ploj mus lawm ze nyob txheeb ze tsis tau mus nrhiav tau.

Keeb kwm ntawm creation

General Administration tshaj tawm ib tug kev sib tw los tsim ib tug tshiab tsis siv neeg riam phom nyob rau hauv 1943. Yuav kom ib co raws li, qhov kev txiav txim pab mus rau qhov kev nthuav qhia ntawm cov kev council ntawm lub Commissariat ntawm lub German qauv MC-42 nrog rau cov kev tsub. Soviet analog caliber cartridge ntaub ntawv ntev ntawm 7,62 mus 4.1 cm, tau raug tsim los ntawm engineers thiab Semin Elizarov nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv lub sij hawm. Tom qab lub tes tsho yog luv dua 2 hli.

Contestants machines tsim heev dua lwm yam rau lub tshiab domestic socket. Nyob rau hauv thawj saib xyuas ntawm yeej muab Sudaevu engineer, uas hais ib tug tsis siv carbine C-44, uas 5.3 kg. Ntawm cov disadvantages ntawm cov neeg sawv cev pom ib qho overvalued luj ntawm riam phom thiab txhib kom cov designer mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv nws cov txo.

Qhov thib ob kev sib tw

Nyob rau hauv 1945, nyob rau cov teg num ntawm GAU pib lub thib ob contest. Rau ntawm no theem, cov neeg koom ua ntej nkag tau automatic Bulkin AB-46 designer. Sudan pib ua ib qho kev txhim kho kev hloov kho ntawm AS-44. Tab sis lub sij hawm no lub shotgun tsis qhia xws tau raws li ua ntej. Bulkin riam phom designer tom qab ob peb koos tseem mus koom nyob rau hauv cov kev sib tw. Cov cia li tuag ntawm Sudaeva crosses yav tom ntej AS-44, uas yog lub ntsiab thawj coj.

Qhov seem koom mus ntxiv los lwv rau hauv thawj qhov chaw ntawm cov domestic rho riam phom. GAU Commission, noj mus rau hauv tus account qhov kev tshwm sim dua pib contestants tactical thiab kev uas yuav tsum tau raws li nyob rau hauv ua ntej tsim ntawm txhua qauv ua ntej uas qhia qhov chiv keeb. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, txog qhov kawg puag ncig tso cai nkaus xwb tsib tej yaam num. Bulkin Tshuab ntau tshaj li ob lub xyoos nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm rau qhov kev kuaj thiab pib ntawm 1948 yog tus tsuas yog piv txwv ntawm qhov kev tsim nyog raug thaum firing luv luv bursts, xa mus rau nyob rau hauv lub Commission yuav tsum tau.

Tau ntawm kev soj ntsuam

Rau tus so ntawm lub qualifying kev xam tau tias yog riam phom kuj muaj pov thawj nws tus kheej zoo. Yooj Yim ntawm txij nkawm, yooj yim ntawm disassembly nyob rau sab saum toj thiab tsis inferior mus sib tw. Txawm li cas los Bulkin yuav tsis daws tau qhov teeb meem ntawm survivability thiab kev cia siab ntawm nws cov "tus me nyuam". Nws nws thiaj li negate tag nrho lub zog ntawm lub designer. Yuav kom kis tau tus xeem qauv Commission Kalashnikov tsim tawm tau raug xaiv.

Bulkin AB-46 submachine phom tsis haum cov kev cai ntawm lub GAU thiab tsis dhau lub sim zaum kawg nkaus. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias nyob rau hauv 1949 tau raug txais yuav lub AK-47, xam cov kev hloov kho tau ib tug tseem ceeb pab rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm no tshuab, raws li ntau ntawm cov mechanisms thiab paub meej txog cov kev sib tw yog suab zoo tib yam.

tsim

Designer tsim tus qauv rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub hauj lwm ntawm lub automatic gazootvedeniya, qhov ntawm uas yog nyob rau saum toj no chim. Rau cem quav brainstem channel siv teb kuj. Ntaus rau ntxub roj muaj tsis muaj tus tswj thiab txhav tas ib yam muaj ib tug kav thiab ib tug kav xaus roj piston. Lub shutter nruab nrog ib tug kav qhib rau kev sib ntaus los tus kab nrog ib tug khub ntawm teb kev txhawb zog.

Thaum mus rau kav shutter Bulkina tshuab chiv tig tauj kab ces tso zis ob nres ntawm coupler nrog txhawb breech. Tom ntej zog ntawm tus kav yog nqa tawm ntes tau los ntawm kev sib ntaus los kab. Cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub zog ntawm cov shutter box folds txhais extruded hom. Lawv muaj ib tug tsis tshua txo nto sib cuag, uas muab ib tug tsis muaj zog nyhav rau kab mob sib kis. nqi me nyuam yog tsim los ntawm lub khw 30 mos txwv. Lub cartridges yog nplas, yog ob-kab pub. Tus quab yog ua los ntawm nyias hlau hlau los ntawm xuas nrig ntaus thiab welding.

hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov lag luam

Bulkina automatic AB-44 raws li nws cov upgraded version, nruab nrog txhais mechanism nrog interception txhais. Qhov no node yog ib tug yooj yim ntaus ntawv tsis muaj tus ntaus ntawv rau disengaging tus nqe tauj thiab cov sear. Rooj vag qhib kav hom cocks, nws intercepts xub pwg luag ntxhi nrog nws txo qis txhais. shutter mechanism tso cai tua ib txhaj tshuaj los yog bursts.

Lub regulator qib hom hluav taws hom yog nyob rau ntawm sab xis ntawm lub pob tw, saum toj no tus txhais. Ib txhia variations yog xam tau tias yog riam phom tau zog rau 100 hli chim. Kev Nyab Xeeb qib yog mounted rau sab laug sab ntawm lub tshuab tso cai rau ib qho yooj yim hloov lwm lub tsev ntawm nws hom nrog rau txoj kev ntiv tes xoo. Rau pom raws li adjustable pem hauv ntej pom nplhaib nrog kev tiv thaiv thiab sector raws li ib tug tag nrho.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov kev npaj

Ob tug kuaj ntawm lub tshuab AB-46 twb nthuav tawm ntawm lub kev sib tw kev ntsuam xyuas:

1. Option ntoo Tshuag equip ntau tub rog.
2. Model nrog folding taub qab rau siv nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb detachments thiab plav pawg.

Cov nram qab no yog lub ntsiab kev ciaj ciam ntawm lub tshuab nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas:

• Tag nrho cov hnyav - 4.5 kg.
• Length - 0,94 m.
• Lub cev - 0,51 m.
• Sighting ntau txhaj koob tshuaj tivthaiv - 0,8 km.
• Pib them ceev ntawm sib ntaus - 750 meters ib ob.
• Index cov hluav taws - 600 rounds ib feeb.
• Cov nab npawb ntawm cov riam phom nyob rau hauv ib lub tawb - 30 rounds.

nthuav lus tseeb

Nyob rau hauv Soviet lub sij hawm, kev sib tw yog tsis heev kev ywj pheej. Feem ntau, nws yog thawb nws txhais tes kuaj ib tug uas muaj ntau cawv thiab kev sib txuas. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, thaum kawg yog feem ntau ua si ib qho tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv. Piv txwv li, ib qho zoo heev phom loj Simonov twb txiav nyob rau hauv dej siab ntawm off-hloov analog lub npe Tokarev SVT-38. Ntaus nqi qhov kev txiav txim mus rau lub heev breakdowns ntawm lub striker nyob rau hauv cov ABC-36. Txawm li cas los, qhov teeb meem yog tsis nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho, thiab hais tias lub steel ntawm cov nroj tsuag tsis zoo tempered. Twb tau nyob rau hauv lub 1942 tsab ntawm SVT yog considerably txo, txij li thaum cov phom loj tsis ciaj sia nyob rau hauv lub battlefield. Nws tau raug tshem tawm los ntawm cov kev pab txawm ua ntej lub Mosin phom loj.

Tom qab Kalashnikov nthuav nws thawj tsab, qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub commission sawv cev Pchelintseva lieutenant yog unequivocal: qhov riam phom yog tsis zoo tag nrho thiab tsis yog kev kawm mus rau kev kho nqi lus. Thiab yog li ntawd nws yog. Tab sis, ces nws pib tshwm sim coj txawv txawv yam.

Kalashnikov puv rau kev pab rau nws tus thawj coj ntawm Tsiv lub npe. Li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lem, falsifies soj ntsuam daim ntawv pov thawj thiab xav cais puab lub tshuab, paub txog tias yuav muaj rau redo txhua yam ntawm kev kos. Nws tus kheej yuav ua rau txog li ob lub teb hloov nyob rau hauv cov riam phom tsim. Dhau li nws, nyob rau hauv muab kho dua tus qauv yog engineer V. Daykin. Nws yog ib qhov lom thiab twb sawv cev nyob rau hauv cov kev sib tw nrog ib lub tshuab Bulkin TKB-415.

Lub confrontation twb nrog AA thiab AB?

Raws li biographers nco ntsoov Kalashnikov, ib tug hluas designer Bulkin, lieutenant tsis muaj kev kawm tshwj xeeb, muaj kev tswj kom tau lub lifting ntawm txoj kev nco-tawm kev sib tw. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, ib co high-qeb duas ua hauj lwm tau nce lub project AK, thaum menyuam nta Bulkina qauv. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, ua hauj lwm rau lub AK txuas ntxiv nyob rau Kovrov cog nyob rau hauv lub saib xyuas ntawm ib tug tej engineer Zaitseva, tab sis tau muab cov yam ntxwv yam ntxwv ntawm lub roj teeb. Tsis kawg luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv no ntau lawm dua ua si Tsiv, ib tug hwm txiv neej nyob rau hauv NIPSMVO.

Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, lub tshuab tau txais ntau tshaj li 400 yuav hloov thiab yog tsim luag los ntawm kos. Qhov no yog ib tug tas nrho ua txhaum ntawm cov kev cai los ntawm cov uas developers yuav ua tsuas me kev hloov kho mus rau lawv prototypes. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias chim ntev twb txo mus rau 35 centimeters, txawm hais tias tom qab nws tau nce mus 41,4 cm.

Qhov kawg ntawm

Thaum lub sij hawm cov kev sib tw ib tug ntawm mej zeej ntawm pawg pom ib tug tseem ceeb sib xws ntawm cov AK-46 tshaj tawm tej yaam num. Txawm li cas los, nws sai sai kaw nws lub qhov ncauj, raws li cov Lo lus kawg yog rau Kolomna testers, uas ua txuj tsis pom cov kev hloov no heev drastic. Dua li no, lub AK-46 tseem poob tshuab Bulkin, 1946, thiab cov phom Dementieva. Txuag straw rau peb tes num yog qhov tseeb hais tias tsis muaj ntawm cov qauv tsis tau tuav mus txog rau lub yuav tsum tau tactical thiab kev tsis.

Bulkin tshuab yog tus tsuas yog ntawm peb uas tau pom cov neeg ntawm GAU yuav tsum. Nws tseem yog superior rau lub AK ntawm ergonomics, nws muaj ib tug ncej collapsible Tshuag, uas tsuas muaj ib tug ob peb decades, muaj ib lub "Kalashnikov" tom qab. Qhov kev txiav txim los siv ib tug khub uas tus chij keyboards yuav rightly tshwm sim los controversy, tab sis los txhim kho lub uas twb muaj lawm mechanisms yuav tsis tau yooj yim. By thiab loj, cov designer summed lossis pleev tau duab ntshav, raws li nyob rau hauv cov dab neeg nrog ib tug phom loj Simonov. Txawm tias tam sim no qhov teeb meem no, lub tshuab Bulkin tshuav ib tug kaj cim tseg nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab riam phom, raws li muaj ib tug zoo nkauj nthuav tsim thiab zoo zeem muag.