Viktor Popkov - Soviet artist: biography, cov duab. Popkov Viktor Efimovich (1932-1974)

Viktor Popkov - neeg pleev kob thiab nraaj artist, sau ntawm feemxyuam thawj tej hauj lwm, ntau yam uas yog sawv cev nyob rau hauv lub Tretyakov Gallery. Child dim ib tug txaus ntshai tsov ua rog, nyob rau hauv nws duab, nws cev hnyav kev muaj tiag thiab puab ua siab loj, uas muaj cai nyob rau hauv lub nyuaj xyoo rau lub teb chaws. Nws ua cov neeg tuaj saib sympathize nrog nws cim thiab qhuas lawv, empathize nrog thiab qhuas.

thaum yau

Popkov Viktor Efimovich (1932 -. 1974) yug nyob rau hauv Moscow nyob rau hauv ib tsev neeg ntawm peasants. Leej Txiv thiab niam los ntawm ib tug thaum ntxov muaj hnub nyoog accustomed mus rau ib qho nyuaj ua hauj lwm, mus los ntawm qhov chaw mus rau qhov chaw nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb ntawm kev ua hauj lwm.

Viktor Popkov yog tus thib ob tus me nyuam nyob rau hauv ib tsev neeg ntawm plaub tug me nyuam. Cov xov xwm ntawm txoj kev tuag ntawm nws tus txiv nyob rau hauv tsov rog tuaj thaum lub neej yav tom ntej cov neeg pleev kob muaj cuaj xyoos, thiab nws tus kheej tus kwv yau - ib tug ob peb lub hlis. Niam, qhov kev thov ntawm nws tus hlub tus txiv, mob siab nws tus kheej rau cov me nyuam, thiab tsis tau sib yuav. Tab sis rebyatnyu muab tso rau hauv lawv ko taw, tag nrho cov muab kom kev kawm ntawv.

Popkov tsev neeg yog tus phooj ywg tab sis cov neeg pluag. Cov me nyuam hlub nws niam thiab nws pom nws nyuaj ua hauj lwm, ua kom mloog rau tag nrho thiab tsis tu siab. Vim pom tias lawv muaj kev cob cog los ntawm unbreakable ties ntawm cov ntshav, hais mav loj hlob tuaj ua ke yuav luag tsis muaj quarrels thiab tsis pom zoo, yeej ib txwm npaj txhij tuaj mus rau tus cawm ntawm txhua lwm yam thiab muab cov kev tsim nyog them nyiaj yug.

Niam, Stepanida Ivanovna, hlub lawv cov me nyuam thiab sim mus kawm ntawv lawv nyob rau hauv heev, tab sis ntawm rhiab.

Xws li ib tug keeg puab zoo siab thaum yau twb overshadowed los ntawm ob peb lwm tragedies (nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau nws tus txiv tuag lawm xav tau kev pab).

Cov kev tuag ntawm ib tug me nyuam kwv tij, ib tug universal nyiam Tolley, tshuav ib qho indelible cim rau tus ntsuj plig Viktora Popkova. Nws yuav tsis txawm tuaj koom lub ntees tuag ntawm tus me nyuam.

Qhov thib ob kaj unforgettable shocks tshwm sim tom qab, thaum Vitya heev nyuj rog tau thiab khob qhov rooj nws mus rau hauv av. Tus tub tswj kev khiav ua tsaug rau raws sij hawm kev pab tuaj rau lub cawm.

Tab sis, txawm tag nrho cov teeb meem, Viktor Popkov loj hlob zoo thiab tus phooj ywg tus me nyuam, lub siab dawb siab thiab sociable.

Tus thawj kauj ruam nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim txoj kev

Thaum lub tsev kawm ntawv, tus tub hluas muaj pov thawj tshwj xeeb kev rau siab thiab mob siab rau. Los ntawm ib tug thaum ntxov muaj hnub nyoog nws tsim ib tug lub siab xav mus tsim rau ntawm daim ntawv. Vita nyiam ua raws li cov kev qhia ntawm daim duab nyob rau hauv lub ces "svodilkah" (decals) rau cov uas nws siv tag nrho nws lub hnab tshos nyiaj, raws li zoo raws li saib xyuas cov hauj lwm ntawm ib tug neeg nyob ze, cov artist uas pleev xim rau nrog watercolors, tab sis nws lub npe, hmoov tsis, peb tsis paub.

Stepanida Ivanovna, cov thawj nyob rau razglyadevshy tub rushes mus ua hauj lwm nrog tus txhuam, kuv tau pib txhawb kom cov me nyuam lub siab los ua. Nws coj nws mus rau daim duab lub tsev kawm ntawv thiab pab mus rau hauv lub Moscow tsev kawm ntawv ntawm cov duab, ua tsaug qhuas nws, inspired rau tswv yim feats thiab muab txawj xav tswv yim.

Ib tug me nyuam tub sau qhov txhia chaw thiab txhua yam. Nws thaum ntxov sketches npog ib tug ntau yam ntawm kev kawm thiab cov txheej xwm - Cov no yog cov ntoo thiab tsev thiab cov neeg.

Cov xib fwb kos duab rhiav kuj saib cov txuj ci ntawm gifted me nyuam kawm ntawv thiab them rau nws ntxiv sai sai. Nyob rau luv luv sketches los ntawm koj tus kheej album ntawm cov hluas artist yuav pom tau tias kev kawm nyob rau hauv lub kos duab studio ua hauj lwm rau nws kom zoo dua: los hloov lub amateurish sketches tshwm sim muaj nuj nqis zoo tej hauj lwm, feem ntau ua hauj lwm thiab tseem lifes.

Tsim kom muaj tswv yim zoo txhim

Nyob rau hauv 1852, Victor tuaj txog ntawm lub Surikov lub koom haum nyob rau hauv lub graphics department. Thiab txawm hais tias nws tsis sib haum mus rau tej kev xav ntawm ib tug tub hluas (nws xav mus kawm ntawv nyob rau Department of Painting), tsis tau qhov teeb meem no yog dej siab tej yam nyob rau hauv nws cov ntxiv tswv yim ua si. Qhov kev paub thiab kev txawj ntse mas yuav kis tau nyob rau hauv lub graphics department, nws tsis yog thaws rov los nyob rau hauv lub re-refined style ntawm cov neeg pleev.

Tam sim no Popkov Viktor Efimovich, biography thiab creativity yog nquag revived nrog lub sij hawm tuaj txog ntawm ib tug kawm ntawv qib siab institution, kwm tsim pib. Nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv yooj yim, seemingly phiv tej yam kev mob: nyob rau hauv ib tug me me tsev pheeb suab, qhov chaw uas nrog nws nyob lwm tsib neeg - niam, tus niam hluas thiab tus tij laug thiab nws tus poj niam thiab tus me nyuam. Raug Xwm Txheej, neeg txom nyem, malnutrition - lub ces tswv satellites.

Tej zaum kuv yuav tsum tau sau nyob rau hauv ib tug unheated txoj kev hauv tsev nyob rau hauv txawv khau looj plab hlaub, noj mov xwb ib daim ntawm qhob cij uas lard. Tab sis qhov no tsis cuam tshuam rau lub tswv yim txoj kev. Viktor Popkov ua hauj lwm selflessly, skillfully thiab confidently tsis tu ncua. Nws zoo kawg li txuj ci tau pom yuav luag tam sim ntawd, tub ntxhais ntse me nyuam kawm ntawv tau muab thawj nce, thiab ib tug me ntsis tom qab - Stalin ntawv, nws ze li ntawm muab ib tug Penny rau cov kev xav tau ntawm tsev neeg.

Travelling

Txij li thaum 1956, Viktor Popkov ntev ntev, kom muaj tswv yim mus ncig ua si thoob plaws lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov thawj cov ntaub ntawv uas rau kev ua hauj lwm thiab kev paub qhia lo ces kaum. Nws tau mus xyuas tus delightful, grand muaj kev tsim kho tej yaam num, pom tau hais cov enormous scale ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm, kaw ib tug ntau ntawm zoo tib yam, mundane scenes, uas tom qab "ua paj huam" thiab tau yeeb koob. Tsis zoo li nws classmates, uas saib kaj scenic qhov chaw thiab cov dluab, aspiring artist nws teem nws lub xub ntiag nyob rau prosaic nruab nrab compositions. Nws - betonschitsa, ncuav ib tug tov ntawm cov dej los yog ob tug neeg ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib tug tom qab ntawm ib tug lossis loj tshem ciav hlau log.

Victor ua hauj lwm kwm, khiav ceev, raws li yog hais ntshai tsis muaj lub sij hawm, sim kom txuag tau rau ntawm daim ntawv txhua txhua rov rau hnyav ua hauj lwm. Tub Ntxhais Kawm Ntawv exhibition ntawm sketches kos nyob rau hauv ib tug ntawm cov mus ua si rau lub Irkutsk pas chaw nres tsheb, dazzled nrog ib tug ntau yam ntawm leej feemxyuam tej hauj lwm Viti Popkov.

Nyob rau hauv nws paintings yeej los ntawm "mob loj heev style", uas pom thiaj nyob rau hauv lub conciseness ntawm qhov chaw, muaj tiag dluab, ntxoov dryness.

Nws yog ua tsaug rau lub tswv yim mus ncig ua si nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho chaw Popkov Viktor Efimovich yuav ua ib lub teb chaws artist, xwm li nyob rau nws canvases zoo tib yam neeg ua hauj lwm, workaholic thaum lub sij hawm ib tug hnyav monotonous txoj hauj lwm.

"Builders ntawm Bratsk HPP"

Tom qab ib qho chaw twg los tsim kom tau ib tug pas nres tsheb fais nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Bratsk muaj yog ib tug zoo kawg li thawj painting "Lub Builders ntawm Bratsk" nyob rau hauv 1960. Cov tub hluas ntxhais artist rau ib ntev lub sij hawm xav tias los ntawm txhua yam ntawm cov ntaub - lub keeb kwm yav dhau, cov xim nqi koj tshuav ntawm cov dluab, saib.

Tsis muaj lub zem rau tom qab daim duab dub, nws tsom rua lub pleev xim rau cov nuj nqis, tsis txhob mus txheej xwm los yog leej twg. Rau cov artist, nws yog mas txoj cai los qhia cov cim thiab qhia lawv lub zog, ua siab loj, kev ntseeg tus kheej. Builders ntawm Bratsk - lub plua plav, nkees ntawm neeg ua hauj lwm, tab sis lawv yog cov zoo nkauj nyob rau hauv lawv cov zog ua hauj lwm thiab austere, tus me nyuam khi zog.

Nws yog noteworthy tias nyob rau hauv nws thawj daim ntawv rau lub hom ntaub khov heev twb xwm ua hauj lwm nrog tattoos rau nws ob txhais tes, raws li feem ntau ntawm cov neeg ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub Bratsk HPP twb raug kaw. Tab sis, paub hais tias xws li ib tug coj noj coj ua yuav tsis tso ib daim duab ntawm lub exhibition, Victor E. tuskheej camp tattoo.

Txij thaum ntawd los, cov artist yuav nto moo. Nws hlub los ntawm cov neeg, pom tau hais tias los ntawm critics. Thiab Victor Popkov, uas yuav paintings Tretyakov Gallery thiab advanced printing ntawv tseem mus ua hauj lwm ntsos thiab ua kom haum cov neeg tuaj saib nrog tshiab thawj hauj lwm los ntawm nyob modestly thiab yeej, yuav luag txom nyem.

flowering ntawm creativity

"Lub ua hauj lwm lub ntsiab ntawm" Thiaj thiab lwm yam yeeb yuj paintings ntawm tus artist, tsis yog tus tsuas yog ib qho uas yog nkag los ntawm Popkov Viktor Efimovich thaum lub sij hawm nws muaj tswv yim kev tshoov siab.

Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub "Brigade so", "choj nyob rau hauv Arkhangelsk" tuaj rau kev coj tsis ncaj thiab puas siab puas ntsws dab neeg zoo tib yam tib neeg kev sib raug zoo. Popkov txuas txawv art yeej, xyaum nrog rau xim los. Qhov no yog - txhua hnub ua txoj lub sijhawm uas nws, uas tau pom thiaj nyob rau hauv lub paintings "sib cav sib ceg", "kev sib nrauj," "Tsev Neeg Bolotovs", "Ob".

"Mezen poj ntsuam"

Popkov zoo kawg koob meej coj nws cov voj voog "Mezen poj ntsuam" (lig 1960 - thaum ntxov 1970s), nyob rau hauv uas nws xav txog txhua canvas ib tug neeg ua cim thiab cov tragic txoj hmoo ntawm cov poj niam. Txhua ua hauj lwm yog ciav nyob rau hauv nws originality thiab tiag squat picturesque. Txawm hais tias painting "tos", "Muaj hnub nyoog", "Ib tug" ua tragic mob thiab oppressive melancholy, tsis tau lawv yog qhov tseem ceeb los rau noob neej nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav deev nws tib neeg thiab siab zoo rau cov post-tsov rog poj niam tu siab thiab kho siab heev.

Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov keeb kwm cov txheej xwm nyob ib tug tseem ceeb qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm cov artist. Nws las "Chekist" thiab "tswb ntawm qhov rooj" denounced era qhia ntshav tsuj, thiab "txiv lub tsho loj nraud" thiab lwm tus neeg. Dhau irresistible npaum kev tu siab ntawm cov neeg uas tsis rov qab los los ntawm pem hauv ntej muab.

tragic kev tuag

Ua hauj lwm rau lub keeb kwm thiab poetic ntxhais, Viktor Popkov pib nws legendary painting "Caij nplooj zeeg los nag," uas depicted tus poj Pushkin tus keeb kwm yav dhau quaj caij. Ua hauj lwm rau lub hom ntaub khov heev lub artist tuaj rau Pushkin Toj siab.

Kaum ib hlis 12, thaum nyob rau ua lag ua luam nyob rau hauv lub capital, Victor E. nrog cov phooj ywg los mus rau ib tug nres Volga mus nug tus neeg tsav tsheb mus muab lawv ib tug nqa. Tab sis lub tsheb muaj pov thawj los ua ib tug collector. Vim tsis ntev los no sensational tub sab zov tau txais kev txiav txim rau hluav taws nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev txaus ntshai, qhib hluav taws. Cov artist twb mortally raug mob.

Nyob rau ntawm nws lub ntees tuag, tom ntej no mus rau lub lifeless lub cev sawv tsis tiav painting "Caij nplooj zeeg los nag."

Tej lub neej

Popkov Viktor Efimovich yuav txiv rau nws classmate Graphic kawm ntawv qib siab Clara - ib tug txawj ntse artist, ib tug tiag tiag lub neej phooj ywg. Nrog nws, lawv tau kev txom nyem thiab deprivation, nyob rau tib chav tsev nrog leej niam thiab leej txiv nyob rau hauv kev cai lij choj, ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv tib lub chav tsev, nrog ib tug tub.

Klara Ivanovna yog heev ci thiab siab tawv txiv neej, nws mob siab hlub nws tus txiv, pab nws thaum lub sij hawm nws nyuaj siab thiab kev tu siab, muab tswv yim.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau cov yam ntxwv zoo ntawm tus ntsuj plig, tus poj niam muaj ib tug kaj txuj ci thiab kev txawj. Nws tau los ua ib tug nrhiav-tom qab tus tswv ntawm nrov me nyuam phau ntawv, ua hauj lwm nrog cov publishing tsev "Lub kas", nws tau active nyob rau hauv lub union thiab thoob ntiaj teb miv.