Xav koob tshuaj BCG

Tam sim no, txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ib qho ntawm feem koom siv ntaub ntawv tiv thaiv los ntawm ntau yam kab mob. Vaccinal tsim rau ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov kab mob, daim ntawv tseem loj hlob tuaj.

Ib qho ntawm feem muab yog tus xav koob tshuaj BCG tshuaj tiv thaiv. Nws creation tso cai ntawm lub sij hawm los txo morbidity thiab lub neej no los ntawm tus kab mob TB kab mob. Tej ntau nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua, tus kab mob no tau raug coj nyob rau hauv kev tswj los ntawm txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv. Txawm li cas los, txawm nyob rau hauv lub tam sim no lub sij hawm yuav tsis tau ntaus nqi mus rau tuberculosis, txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Feem ntau, qhov no yog vim lub fact tias lub qho kev tiv thaiv yog ib ntus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov mob uas lub cev hnav mob cov kab mob los yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm congenital los yog kis tau immunodeficiency.

Nyob rau hauv tsis tshua muaj heev neeg mob, txhaj tshuaj muaj peev xwm tsim ntaub ntawv ntawm tuberculosis, TB uas yog tsim nyob rau hauv tus ntawm ib tug attenuated hom ntawm cov microbe. Cov kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob no yog tau thiab tom qab ib tug ob peb xyoos tom qab cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Tus kab mob muaj vim lub weakening ntawm tus tib neeg tsis muaj zog, los yog raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm lub tuam qaug (anorexia).

Xav koob tshuaj BCG txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yog nqa tawm raws li nram no: tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm cov tshuaj - plaub - lub thib rau lub hnub los ntawm cov me nyuam yug ntawm tus me nyuam. Qhov no manipulation yog feem ntau yog nqa tawm ncaj qha nyob rau hauv lub tsev laus. Tus thawj revaccination nqa tus me nyuam yog muaj nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim hais tias qhia qhov tsis tuaj kawm ntawv ntawm kev tiv thaiv rau kab mob ntsws neeg sawv cev (ie, thaum lub koob tshuaj BCG lawm tshuaj tiv thaiv yav tas los nkag tau rau hauv lub hnub nyoog ntawm xya, lub thib ob koob (14 xyoo), thiab tus neeg uas tsis tau raws li Koch tus wand ib puag ncig).

Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav to taub seb puas los yog tsis yog ib tug me nyuam nrog tus kab mob ntsws thiab nws yuav tsum tau revaccination yog tsis kis tus kab mob los yog tsis, siv lub Mantoux xeem, raws li ib tug qhia ntawm reactivity nrog hwm rau tuberculosis neeg sawv cev. Paub qhov txawv normergicheskuyu thiab hyperergic cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, nyob ntawm seb qhov loj ntawm lub tsim papules thiab nws heev.

Muaj pes tsawg leeg sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav muaj xws li ob qho tib si nyob thiab tua kab mob thiab microbial cov neeg ua hauj.

Muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj txoj sia nyob xav koob tshuaj BCG tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog Mycobacterium tuberculosis kev lim nrog txo virulence. Qhov no lim twb tau los ntawm rov kuaj nyob rau hauv kev mob loj tej yam kev mob rau lub microbe. Tiv thaiv yog tsim raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm npaug ntawm tus neeg saib xyuas nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev thiab ua kom muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qhov zoo tshaj yuav. Lub peculiarity ntawm kev tiv thaiv uas ntaub ntawv lub xav koob tshuaj BCG tshuaj tiv thaiv yog tias nws yog txaus siab los ntawm tus persistence ntawm lub microbe nyob rau hauv lub cev. Qhov no tib yam feature piav tau ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm post-txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntsws.

Tiv thaiv tau txais txiv neej raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv, nws yog ib tug natural vaccinal. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd muaj yog ib tug natural nevaktsinalny kev tiv thaiv, uas tsim yog vim lub ntuj ntog ntawm Mycobacterium tuberculosis nyob rau hauv tib neeg cov hlab cua. Tej kev tiv thaiv tseem yog heev, raws li tib neeg lub cev lub peev xwm mus ntsib Koch sticks muaj ntau li ntau. Ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws epidemiologically tiv thaiv tus kab mob ntsws yog qhib daim ntawv thaum exhaled cua nrog tus neeg mob xaiv microbial neeg sawv cev.

Muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm contraindications rau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv. Lawv tag nrho cov caij nplooj zeeg lub sij hawm (ua rau ncua txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv), thiab qhov (nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yog tsis nqa tawm). Yuav kom ib tug ib ntus contra txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv xws li prematurity (me nyuam yug tshiab luj yog tsawg tshaj li 2.5 kilograms), raws li zoo raws li ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov kab mob thiab mob exacerbations mob pathologies. Xav koob tshuaj BCG tshuaj tiv thaiv yog tsis tau muab rau kawm nrog pheej tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj peev xwm, raws li tej zaum yuav tsim generalized ntaub ntawv ntawm tus kab mob ntsws - yog ib tug tas mus li contraindication rau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv.