Yuav ua li cas yog suab xaus sib dhos? Lus Txhais thiab hom lus sib dhos

Qhov tsab xov xwm no qhia txog dab tsi ib zaj lus sib dhos, thaum muaj yog xws li ib daim ntawv ntawm pej xeem cov kos duab, thiab hom lus sib dhos yog.

kos duab

Nws tau ntev tau qhov tseeb hais tias tsis muaj daim duab txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tej haiv neeg tsuas yog tsis yooj yim sua, thiab cov neeg tau yeej ib txwm muab tseem ceeb heev rau nws. Yees rau ib co ntawm nws ces, yuav tsum muaj xam qhovkev nyob rau hauv peb ntawm lub caj theem, thiab sib nrug los ntawm cov neeg, nws yog xam qhovkev nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov mas tsim cov tsiaj. Zoo, peb nco ntsoov ntawm lub pob zeb paintings, uas kos ntau ces peb Anthropoid pog koob yawg koob.

Thaum lub sij hawm, muaj ib qhov no zoo ntawm cov kos duab raws li nrov, uas tseem hu ua dab neeg. Ib tug txawv feature ntawm nws yog hais tias lub nkauj, paj huam, dab neeg thiab thiaj li nyob yog ib pab neeg ntawm sau ntawv, dhau los ntawm tiam mus rau tiam thiab nws thiaj li poob lub mention ntawm tus thawj sau. Thiab lwm feature - uas yog kis tau ntawm ncauj yog daim duab. Xa mus rau nws thiab ditties. Tab sis li cas yog ib tug zaj lus sib dhos thaum nws sawv thiab dab tsi yog nws hom? Nyob rau hauv no peb yuav tsum to taub.

txhais

Raws li cov encyclopedia, suab xaus sib dhos - nws yog ib tug ntawm cov yam ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus dab neeg, uas yog thaum kawg nyob ib ncig ntawm lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm cov XIX caug xyoo. Thiab lub sij hawm nws tus kheej twb xub coined los ntawm tus kws uas sau Dormition nyob rau hauv qhov kev npaj ntawm lawv cov yam ntxwv ntawm pej xeem cov paj huam. Yog hais tias peb tham txog cov keeb kwm ntawm pej xeem cov nkauj, feem ntau ntawm tag nrho cov, lawv yog ib cov seev cev qhib thiab kev ua si pripevki, collective round seev cev nkauj, tso dag ntawm buffoons, cov me nyuam teaser thiab luv luv humorous song. Tam sim no peb paub tias dab tsi ib zaj lus sib dhos. Cia peb kawm nws yooj yim yam ntxwv.

Feem ntau, cov lus hais tias, cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov tshuaj pleev cov ntxhais, ib co aphoristic kab, txawv txawv lus sib dhos nrog metaphors thiab, tseem ceeb tshaj, recitative trolling, uas yog feem ntau nrog los ntawm ib tug improvisation rau ntau yam seev suab paj nruas. Yog li ntawd tam sim no peb paub tias dab tsi ib zaj lus sib dhos.

Raws li ib tug version, lub npe yog muab tau los ntawm lub "ib feem" ntawm qhov qhia txog kev. Thiab yog hais tias koj mloog ib yam ntawm cov pej xeem nkauj, ces qhov kev xaiv no tsis zoo li illogical. Tam sim no xav txog nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm pej xeem cov nkauj.

yam ntxwv ntawm

Feem ntau cov feem ntau couplets tsim los ntawm ntug zos cov hluas uas hu nkauj rau lawv nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau yam repetitive suab paj nruag nyob rau txawv seev thaum lub sij hawm festivals. Cov yooj yim kev xav tivthaiv lus sib dhos - yog upbeat. Tsis tas li ntawd, mas pej xeem ditties txawv kev hlub-tsev neeg, playful ntxhais. Cias muab, nws yog ib tug luv luv funny zaj nkauj nyob rau hauv ib tug yooj yim, tag nrho cov nyob ze thiab paub lub niam tswv yim, thiab qhov no ua rau lawv tej chaw. Tab sis nyob rau hauv lub tib lub sij hawm ntawm lub Soviet Union ntsiab lus sib dhos sharply nce, thiab ib co ntawm lawv muaj ib tug nom tswv lub ntsiab lus.

Raws li ib yam ntawm cov poetic lus teb rau tej txheej xwm, suab xaus sib dhos feem ntau nyob raws li ib tug tshwm sim improvisation. Nws kuj yus directness, qhia, txaus siab mus rau ib tug neeg los yog cov pab pawg neeg ntawm cov neeg, los yog lwm tus tej yam kev kawm ntawv.

Cov feem ntau pej xeem ditties sau pentameter nyob rau hauv uas rhymed 2 thiab 4 thiab khoom kab. Tsis tas li ntawd rau lus sib dhos raug nplua nuj lus, muaj yeeb yuj dluab, kev sib piv, uas tej zaum kuj mus dhau cov zajlus lus (tsuas muab tso rau, nws yog phem).

zaj dabneeg

Muaj ib co lus muaj tseeb thiab mention ntawm luv luv tshuaj pleev los yog tsuas yog zoo siab song nyob rau hauv lub XVIII caug xyoo. Txawm li cas los, lawv yog cov tag nrho zoo nkauj unconvincing. Thiab vim hais tias nws yog assumed tias sib dhos raws li ib hom ntawv nyeem ntawm pej xeem cov kos duab yug nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub XIX caug xyoo, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog sib tsim nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo ntawm Soviet lub hwj chim.

Chiv, muaj ntau leej ntseeg tias cov ditties - yog ib yam dab tsi uas yuav tsis tau raws li ib tug pej xeem kos duab, thiab zoo sib xws ib hom ntawv nyeem muaj peev xwm liam tib neeg lub songs, kom distort lawv lub ntsiab lus thiab feem ntau muab cov Lavxias teb sab lus dab neeg ceeb, ruam laus. Tiv thaiv lus sib dhos, los ntawm txoj kev, nws ua si rau nws tus kheej Fedor Shalyapin thiab ntau lwm yam nyuab thaum ntxov XX xyoo pua, xav tias lawv yuav tsum tau ib yam nkaus thiab hais lus phem thiab ruam. Txawm li cas los, nrog lub sij hawm, txhua yam hloov, thiab ntau composers pib siv cov sharpness thiab originality ntawm ib hom ntawv nyeem. Thiab nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm ditties nyob ib qho tseem ceeb qhov chaw ntawm cov lus dab neeg lwm yam. Yog li ntawd peb tau sib tham txog dab tsi ditties, lub ntsiab txhais ntawm ib hom ntawv nyeem thiab nws cov keeb kwm.

Thiab los ntawm txoj kev, ib qho kev nthuav qhov tseeb: lub Don lus sib dhos yeej tsis tau lwm yam tshaj li mas los ntawm lwm cov cheeb tsam. Nws twb kev cob cog rua nrog lub fact tias lub Don Cossacks koom rau qhov no ib hom ntawv nyeem ntawm pej xeem cov kos duab es scornfully, xav tias nws yog ib tug ruam thiab txaj muag.

Tam sim no saib feem ntau hom ntawm lawv.

hom ditties

Muaj cov nram qab no:

• Lyrical. Yus muaj los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias lawv muaj tsuas 4 kab thiab muaj nyob rau ntawm lub sib txawv heev ntsiab lus, tsis tas ib tug kev lom zem thiab yooj yim.
• Dance tune. Tsis tas li ntawd muaj 4 kab, tab sis muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb lub suab, nyob rau hauv uas, raws li lub npe implies, nws yog yooj yim los mus las voos thiab seev cev. Piv txwv li, nws cuam tshuam rau qhov no hom ntawm zoo-paub chastushka "Kua".
• Anguished. Feem ntau, lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm pej xeem cov nkauj yog kev hlub, unrequited los yog tsis zoo siab. Lawv hu nkauj qeeb, zas. Lawv raug faib thoob plaws hauv Russia, tsuas yog rau Siberia.
• Matanya. Siv lo lus no, cov neeg uas hu nkauj xws ditties, sib hais rau nws tus nkauj nyab los yog nraug vauv. Lub ib hom ntawv nyeem li ces thiaj li muaj npe vim hais tias lo lus yog pom nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem heev heev. Lawv kuj tso ua ke siv chetyrehstopnym chorea.

Yog li ntawd peb tau sib tham txog lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus "couplets", lub ntsiab txhais ntawm pej xeem cov kos duab thiab feem ntau hom.

kawm

Raws li nyob rau hauv lwm yam hom ntawv nyeem, lus sib dhos lub ntsiab yog heev ntau haiv neeg. Tsis tau ib qho ntawm lub ntsiab ntxhais tau yeej ib txwm tau kev hlub thiab kev nyob. Thiab nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov xyoo ntawm lub Soviet-themed ditties feem ntau ua mob nom tswv dag ntawm lub tshiab system. Yog li drafters qhia lawv indifference mus rau nom tswv tiam sis. Txawm li cas los, nrog lub sij hawm mus hu nkauj zaj nkauj nrog semantic cov ntsiab lus nws yog txaus ntshai.

Tab sis nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm lub cev qhuav dej ntawm lub Soviet Union thiab lub thiaj li hu ua restructuring nyob couplets nyob rau hauv uas txawv teb chaws lus siv. Tsis tas li ntawd hloov lawv tus kheej ntxhais. Nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm, qhov no ib hom ntawv nyeem yog tsis muaj lawm thiaj li nrov li ua ntej.