Beta-blockers

Beta-blockers yog siv raws li antihypertensive tshuaj txij thaum lub sixties. Txij li thaum lub nrhiav kom tau ntawm cov thawj tshwm sim ntawm cov kev kho mob thiab hnub ntawm lawv cov hauj lwm zoo zoo yav nyob rau hauv heev heev tswj kev tshawb fawb, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog rau tej yam ntawm ntau niaj hnub txhais tau tias.

Beta-blockers yog siv ntse kom txo tau cov ntshav siab thiab tiv thaiv kom txhob loj hlob ntawm cov hlab plawv tus kab mob thiab lub neej no. Lub mechanism ntawm lawv antihypertensive txiav txim no yog raws li nyob rau hauv lub yuav txo tau nyob rau hauv mob tso zis vim muaj ib tug yuav txo tau ntawm lub dag lub zog thiab zaus ntawm cov lus. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, beta-blockers ua rau kom hluav ntawm secretion ntawm renin nyob rau hauv lub juxtaglomerular (okoloklubochkovom) raum apparatus thiab nyob rau hauv no hais txog, zoo suppress cov kev ua ntawm lub renin-angiotenzinaldosteronovoy thiab central vasomotor systems.

Lawv heev siv yuav ntxias ib tug thawj ntawm vascular kuj (tag nrho cov peripheral), vim ntau zog baroreceptor rhiab heev thiab ntau lawm nyob rau hauv lub vascular phab ntsa ntawm prostacyclin (prostaglandin vasodilating).

Ntau beta-blockers siv nyob rau hauv sib npaug koob, muaj ib tug zoo li hypotensive nyhuv. Tag nrho cov antihypertensive los npaj tsis pub dhau ob mus rau plaub lub lis piam. "Tso tseg" syndrome zaum yuav tshwm sim tiv thaiv lub keeb kwm ntawm ntev-lub sij hawm kev kho mob. Rau nws cov kev tiv thaiv yeeb tshuaj yog tsis nres tam sim ntawd, thiab maj mam txo cov tshuaj rau kaum rau kaum plaub hnub.

Mauj raug tshuaj, tshwj xeeb yog cov uas tsis-xim, yuav ntxias txoj kev loj hlob ntawm clinically tseem ceeb mob thiab noncardiac phiv.

Cov thawj pab pawg neeg no muaj xws li mob nyob rau hauv lub psycho-lub siab lub ntsws tom qab (kev nyuaj siab, pw tsis taus, thiab lwm yam), ua pa cov tsos mob (bronchospasm), peripheral vasoconstriction (sib quas ntus claudication, txias extremities, etc.), cov leeg tsis muaj zog, impotence. Extracardiac phiv sawv cev puas raum muaj nuj nqi los ntawm txo cov ntshav khiav nyob rau hauv lub raum, kev cov nyom nyob rau hauv lipid thiab carbohydrate metabolism.

Nyob rau hauv mob ces cov pab pawg neeg no muaj xws li:

• mob siv muaj nuj nqi ua txhaum cai nrog cov tsos mob tsis muaj peev xwm;
• blockade (atrioventricular sinoatrialnaya) lub plawv thiab bradycardia;
• hypotension tiv thaiv ntev txo nyob rau hauv cov ntshav siab;
• antiarrhythmic nyhuv.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias ib tug ntau yam ntawm pharmacological zog blocker tso cai rau koj mus xaiv tus pom cov tshuaj yuav luag txhua txhua rooj plaub. Qhov no yuav siv sij hawm mus rau hauv tus account thiab tolerability ntawm cov kev kho mob, tus nqi qis tshaj uas yuav muaj kev phiv cov txheej xwm, lub caij ntawm raug thiab hom kev soj ntsuam qhov teeb meem no.

Sij hawm ntawm beta-blockers raws li ib tug ib txoj kev kho tso cai rau lub normalization ntawm cov ntshav siab nyob rau hauv hais txog 40-50% ntawm cov neeg mob uas kub siab. Nyob rau hauv sib piv mus rau tej yam nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais, nruab nrab thiab cov laus uas muaj hnub nyoog, cov nyhuv yog tus qis nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus. Kev siv cov thiazide diuretics nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog nrog ib tug beta-blocker eliminates sib txawv. Yog li, cov hauj lwm zoo ntawm txoj kev kho nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug ua ke tsub kom mus 78-80%.

Beta-blockers mus kho angina nyob ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw. Nyob rau hauv no kab mob, xws tshuaj yog siv raws li Anaprillin (obzidan), Sotalol, Atenolol, Konkor, Monotard.

Cov nyhuv ntawm tag nrho cov ntawm cov tshuaj tswj kom txhob muaj ntshav siab thiab "deceleration" lub plawv dhia. Cov tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau xaiv purely ib tug neeg tus kws kho mob.

Tshuaj yog txhob nyob rau hauv mob hawb pob, mob obstructive koj muaj teebmeem kev kab mob, atrioventricular thaiv ob los yog peb kev kawm ntawv. Tsis pom zoo rau kev siv ntawm beta-blockers nyob rau hauv impaired zib kam rau ua, peripheral arterial kab mob, ncaws pob thiab lub cev active neeg.