Cov duab ntawm St. Petersburg nyob rau hauv tus tshiab "ua txhaum thiab rau txim rau" by F. M. Dostoevskogo

Yuav ua li cas peb paub txog St. Petersburg? Nws yog ib lub nroog, tsim los ntawm feemxyuam architects, ib lub cim ntawm txoj kev vam meej thiab grandeur ntawm post-Petrine Russia. Lub nroog lush khoom thiab palace coups, ciav hnub no nws magnificence. Tab sis muaj lwm, tsis paub rau peb, nyob deb Petersburg. Ib lub zos uas muaj neeg raug mired nyob rau hauv "tawb tsev" nyob rau hauv qias neeg daj tsev uas tsaus nti stairs, thiab siv lawv cov dawb lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv lub stinking taverns thiab pubs. Ib lub zos nyob qhov twg lub neej yog bleak, frightening thiab bleak. Qhov no yog cov duab ntawm St. Petersburg nyob rau hauv tus tshiab "ua txhaum thiab rau txim rau," Dostoevsky thim.

kev ua si ntawm contrasts

Muaj ib tug hais tias: "St. Petersburg ntawm Dostoevsky." Nws qhia lub xaav ntawm lub nroog txawj sau ntawv. Fyodor tau pom nws muaj mob, nyoos, tsaus ntuj nti thiab tsis tau zoo nkauj. Nws, zoo li tus hero ntawm nws Romana Raskolnikov, nws hlub Petersburg mob heev thiab ntsim hlub, pom tias nws yog nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb txoj kev. Thiab Pushkin thiab Nekrasov, Gogol nyob rau hauv nws tej hauj lwm recreated zoo daim duab ntawm St. Petersburg. Dostoevsky distinguishes lawv los ntawm lub cim tshwj xeeb ntawm xaav ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, vim lub aggravation ntawm contrasts, ces capital ntawm Russia thaum lub sij hawm lawv nyob rau hauv nws cov txawj sau ntawv (nyob rau hauv lub sixties thiab seventies ntawm lub puas tawm xyoo). Nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm, capitalism tsim sai heev, vim banking chaw ua hauj lwm, ua hauj lwm-chav kawm ntawv suburbs, cov tuam tsev apartment thiab factories ntawm lub nroog loj hlob sai heev. Tiam sis rov qab rau cov khoom.

Roman F. M. Dostoevskogo "Kev ua txhaum thiab rau txim rau." Cov duab ntawm St. Petersburg

Nws yuav tsum tau lub caij ntuj sov, nws yog kub nraum zoov, tab sis tu siab heev thiab kis tau cityscape. Peb saib lub qub zos los ntawm lub qhov muag ntawm ib tug tshaib plab pauper. Thoob plaws hauv crush, stifling tshav kub, hmoov av qhov txhia chaw txiv qaub, cib, ntoo, tshwj xeeb tsw phem qhov txhia chaw, paub txhua txhua Petersburger uas mus tsis taus tawm hauv lub tsev nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov.

Petersburg duab nyob rau hauv Dostoevsky tshiab yog tsis ib txwm tshwm. Muaj kev qhia txog ntawm cov duab ntawm xwm thiab cov zoo kawg li views ntawm lub capital, tab sis lawv yog tib cov neeg sib piv rau lub bleak daim duab. Cov poj niam tawm nplua nuj rau sawv daws pom tau tias tshaib plab cov tub ntxhais hluas tso tseg. Nyob rau ntawm tus choj, los ntawm uas ob lub qhov muag tus zoo kawg li panorama ntawm lub Neva, Raskolnikov twb yuav luag ntog nyob rau hauv tus nplua nuj carriage, thiab cov kev lom zem ntawm passers-tsav tsheb lashed nws nrog ib tug nplawm. Tub hluas ntxhais hluas nyob rau hauv lub plawv ntawm Nyab cheeb tsam. Yes, nws yog neeg pluag, tiam sis ntawm no nws yog ib yam ntawm cov kev zoo nkauj thiab pom tau tias nws.

Nyob rau hauv txoj kev

Cov duab ntawm St. Petersburg nyob rau hauv tus tshiab "ua txhaum thiab rau txim rau" yog recreated thiaj kaj lug vim hais tias tag nrho cov txheej xwm feem ntau coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv txoj kev. Dandy carriage qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub kiag nyob ze lub Haymarket crushes tsis muaj hmoo Marmeladov. Tus heev hnub tom ntej, nyob rau hauv txoj kev, thiab nws ib nrab-chim consumptive poj ntsuam los ntshav. Nyob rau hauv waterfront Svidrigailov yub nws tus kheej. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev Raskolnikov nws hloov siab lees txim laj mej pej xeem. Tag nrho cov pleev xim rau scenes yog complemented los ntawm close-ups khiav tawm hauv tsev tuaj lawm. Ntawm lawv tsim rau tom qab tiv thaiv uas lub unfolding tragic txoj hmoo ntawm Sonia, Marmeladov, Raskolnikov.

Nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntawm heroes

Nrog qias neeg ua pa nrov txoj kev Dostoevsky yuav siv sij hawm peb mus rau hauv lub raug capitalist Petersburg lub tsev nyob qhov twg nws cim nyob. Peb paub peb tus kheej nyob rau hauv ib tug stinking yards, nce qhov tsaus ntuj nti thiab nqaim stairs. Chav yog twv nyob rau hauv qhov ntxoov ntxoo, lawv yog tsis zoo illuminated los yog dim ib tug tswm ciab tswm ciab slanting rays ntawm qhov chaw lub caij ntuj sov hnub. Cov duab ntawm St. Petersburg nyob rau hauv tus tshiab "ua txhaum thiab rau txim rau" nkawd creepy thiab tib txaus ntshai lub neej mas, ib tug hlub ntws rau nws trashy kev thiab squalid slums. Ua tau tshwm sim tej xwm txheej - qhov tua neeg ntawm ib tug pog nyiaj-qiv nyiaj, tus emergence ntawm "tawm hauv av," ib tug txiv neej uas hu Raskolnikov "ubivtsa" xav ua kom tau quaj ntawm txoj kev - zoo li lub nightmarish lub zeem muag ntawm insane. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lub delusional kev npau suav ntawm Raskolnikov li reminiscent ntawm kev muaj tiag ...

ntiaj teb no cov neeg txom nyem

Tu siab heev gray nroog, qhov twg taverns, hu rau cov neeg pluag sau lawv kev tu siab, muaj nyob rau txhua lub ces kaum ... qaug dej qaug cawv neeg nyob rau hauv txoj kev thiab prostitutes qhov txhia chaw rampant cov neeg txom nyem, tus kab mob thiab kev tsis ncaj ncees - yog cov duab ntawm St. Petersburg, tsim los ntawm Dostoevsky. Koj muaj peev xwm ua tsis taus pa ntawm lub stench, muaj ib lub siab xav tau txoj kev sai, nce tshiab huab cua rau hauv lub ntsws kom tshem tau ntawm cov pa phem thiab meanness. Ib tug nws, tus phem ntiaj teb ntawm unbearable kev txom nyem, lub ntiaj teb no cov neeg txom nyem, lub ntiaj teb nyob rau hauv uas ib nrab-chim kev xav xeeb Raskolnikov. Ntawm cov cim uas nyob rau ntawm nplooj ntawv ntawm tus tshiab, feem ntau muaj cov me nyuam. Dostoevsky muaj dab kev xav txog lawv fates, lub plawv ntawm tus kws acutely mob lawv raug kev txom nyem.

Lwm daim duab ntawm St. Petersburg

Nyob rau hauv lub tshiab "ua txhaum thiab rau txim rau," lub nroog yog sawv cev tsis tau tsuas yog insulted thiab qaug neeg, tab sis kuj cov kev ua ub, trades, lawv muaj peev xwm. Ntawm no yog lub scammer Koch yuav lig tej yam uas tus qub poj niam nyiaj-koj qiv los. Ntawm no yog lub yas dhos ntawm ib tug tavern Dushkin hides neeg nyiag khoom. Ntawm no Yushkin merchant nqi pheej yig chav. Ntawm no Daria Frantsevna thiab Louise Ivanovna cia trafficked cov poj niam. Kom meej meej tiv thaiv lub keeb kwm ntawm cov cim ua teeb meem ob nuj nqis: businessman-industrialist Luzhin thiab Svidrigailov sharpie. Tus thawj - tus neeg phem, muaj peev xwm ua ib qho txhaum, lub thib ob - tus qhua Petersburg taverns, nyob rau hauv lub hnub ntawm serfdom tsim txom serfs. Tag nrho cov neeg tsim ib cov duab ntawm St. Petersburg. Txawm li cas los, nws tsis yog tas rau qhov kev piav qhia ntawm lub dab tuag lub neej ntawm lub cim, thiab ua tim philosophical thiab leb tseem ceeb.

Lub nroog raws li lub personification ntawm kev muaj tiag

Dostoevsky ntseeg tias St. Petersburg twb tsis tsim rau cov neeg, thiab rau lub yeeb koob ntawm lub huab tais. Peter muaj dee ntawm cov neeg, ua kom instill nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab European tastes thiab xav. Lub nroog ntawd twb tau txais ib tug "non-Lavxias teb sab", "ua hauj lwm". Raskolnikov no tag nrho annoying: lub stench, thiab unbearable tshav kub, thiab daj. Nws mus taug kev los ntawm cov kab khiav ib ncig ntawm lub Haymarket, tab sis tsis pom qhov zoo nkauj vaj tse, pom Yusupov vaj, kis los ntawm lub Koom Txoos ntawm Ascension. Nws mloog yog teem tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub Brewer nrog qias neeg peasants, cov neeg pluag passers-by coj tuaj rau lub desperation ntawm yus tua yus, me me traders ... Petersburg - ib lub cim ntawm cov tsis ncaj ncees, txhawj lub neej, siab phem thiab impervious mus zoo tib yam neeg. Thiab tsis tau no nyob Lavxias teb sab neeg los khaws cia rau sab ntsuj plig kev ncaj ncees thiab orthodox txoj kev ntseeg. Lawv raug kev txom nyem nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab, ntseeg hais tias nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab, khiav nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab. City - yog ib tug actor, kuj tsis yog txawm tias ib tug tim khawv thiab ib accomplice nyob rau hauv txoj kev ua txhaum ntawm Raskolnikov qus thiab nws tu siab, hloov siab lees txim thiab rov qab mus rau tus tib neeg lub ntiaj teb no.

Nyob rau hauv xaus

Fedor Mihaylovich Dostoevsky - ib tug ci ntsa iab txawj sau ntawv, xav tias yuav sib txawv ntawm kev kawm haiv neeg thiab rau nws nrag unvarnished tiag tiag daim duab ntawm lub neej ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab neeg. Dluab ntawm cov neeg, nws tsim tus tshiab "ua txhaum thiab rau txim rau", imbued nrog tus ntsuj plig ntawm kev tawm tsam tiv thaiv cov degradation ntawm tus txiv neej, ntawm kev tsis ncaj ncees. Tus kws sau ntawv txoj kev xav yog raws li nyob rau hauv qhov siv tej yam tseeb uas: txoj kev hlub ntawm tus txiv neej thiab tus nrog paub txog nws sab ntsuj plig uas yus nyiam. Tag nrho cov quest Dostoevsky tus aim los tsim rau cov neeg ncaj ncees nyob tej yam kev mob. Cityscapes nyob rau hauv no yog enormous lub ntsiab lus. Cov duab ntawm St. Petersburg yog embodied ib tug nkag siab ntawm hopelessness muaj los ntawm lub cim ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm. Lub nroog crushes, strangles, inspires vwm tswv yim, evokes nightmarish yog toog pom. Nyob rau hauv no qhov teeb meem, thiab yug ib tug vwm kev tshawb xav ntawm Raskolnikov.