Cov hauj lwm ntawm psychology raws li ib tug science thiab nws qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub sciences

Tam sim no, psychology yog ib tug ntawm cov ceev tshaj plaws loj hlob thiab nyob rau hauv-kev thov nyob rau hauv ntau spheres ntawm cov haiv neeg los ntawm science. Cov hom phiaj ntawm psychology raws li ib tug science yuav tsum tau nws tag nrho cov ntau muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm cov tswv yim daim ntawv thov ntawm nws cov achievements.

Lub ntsiab theem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm lub hlwb science yog raws li nram no.

1. prescientific (mus txog VI. BC). Tag nrho cov sawv cev ntawm tus ntsuj plig xwb raws li myths xwb thiab kev ntseeg.

2. Kev tshawb fawb (VI xyoo pua BC -. XVIII xyoo pua AD.). Muaj zog cawv rau cov psychology ntawm pab philosophy. Nws sau tseg rau cov ntsiab teeb meem ntawm lub hlwb science hais txog txoj kev kawm thiab kev txawj ntse ntawm cov kev ua ntawm tus ntsuj plig.

3. Assotsianistichesky (mus rau lub XVIII -. N XIX centuries ..). Psychology tshawb fawb nco qab, uas yog raws li nyob rau hauv txoj kev xav thiab to taub.

4. Seb (Ser XIX -. N XX cc ..). Muaj tau ib tug methodological science ntsoog.

5. vib this (10-30-ies. Lub XX-th xyoo pua.). Science yog muab faib mus rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv thiab kev kawm: nws zoo nkaus li structuralism, functionalism, Gestalt, etc. Muab psychoanalysis thiab lwm yam projective txoj kev science ..

6. humanist (1940-1960-ies.). Qhov tseem ceeb tsis yog cov puab lub ntiaj teb no thiab tib neeg qhov.

7. Niaj hnub nimno (thib ob ib nrab XX nyob rau hauv.). Paub txoj kev sim kev tshawb fawb psychology.

Cov neeg ua hauj lwm ntawm psychology raws li ib tug science yuav muab txhais li. Ua ntej niaj hnub psychology los yog ib tug ntau ntawm theoretical thiab cov tswv yim muaj teeb meem. Ntsiab lus - Kev tshawb ntawm cov psyche thiab cov kev cai ntawm kev puas hlwb kev ua si nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob.

Psychology kawm lub loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov chaw thiab kev sib ntsib. Qhov no tus txheej txheem, lub xeev thiab tus neeg thaj chaw ntawm cov neeg uas muaj cov zaubmov ntawm complexity. Muaj ntau ntawm lawv twb tau kawm, thiab ntau ntxiv yuav tsum tau koom nyob rau hauv qhov kev kawm ntawm psychology niaj hnub no. Nws yog tsim los sib piv thiab integrate sau txuj ci, thiab txheeb xyuas lawv. Lub hom phiaj ntawm science yog mus nrhiav tau lub essence ntawm cov phenomena raug kawm. paub tab ntawm psychology raws li ib tug science yuav tsum tau los qhia txog lub hom phiaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm tej yam ntuj tso thiab kev thaj chaw ntawm cov neeg, kawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm lom thiab kev yam ntxwv thiab determinants nyob rau hauv nws txoj kev loj hlob. Qhov teeb meem no yog ib yam ntawm cov feem ntau nyuaj.

Thaum pib ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob, psychology tau ntev lawm ib tug txhob txwm theoretical kev qhuab qhia. Niaj hnub no, nws cov neeg ua hauj lwm - mus kom ze rau lub neej thiab nyob rau qhov kev sib tw kev nyuaj siab los ntawm tus neeg thiab zej zog raws li ib tug tag nrho. Nws yuav tsum tau ua ib tug tswv yim science uas yog muaj feem xyuam nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm kev lag luam, kev kawm ntawv, tsoom fwv, kab lis kev cai, cov kev ua si, cov tshuaj, thiab lwm yam Psychology yuav tsum tau taw mus rau qhov chaw tej teeb meem nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw, txhais los ntawm lub "tib neeg zoo tshaj".

Yog li, lub ntsiab hauj lwm ntawm psychology raws li ib tug science yuav sau ua ke raws li nram no: mus kawm kom paub txog essence ntawm puas siab puas ntsws tshwm sim, to taub lawv cov qauv thiab kawm tau li cas los tswj lawv, ua kom paub kev txawj ntse nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm ua daim ntawv thov, ua ib tug theoretical lub hauv paus rau txoj kev xyaum ntawm puas siab puas ntsws kev pab.

Psychology hnub no yog tsim heev ceev ceev, kov thiab interacting zoo nrog rau lwm cov sciences. Yuav kom txiav txim seb qhov chaw ntawm psychology cov lwm sciences yuav xav txog nws nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo rau tag nrho cov complex ntawm kev kawm uas tshuam rau hauv kev kawm, cov hom phiaj thiab cov hom phiaj.

Science nws tus kheej yuav siv sij hawm ntawm lwm philosophical sciences (natural thiab kev), ib nrab txoj hauj lwm, rau lawv ib tug neeg qhov chaw. Nws integrates cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm ntau sciences, cuag ib tug zoo ntawm cov qauv chelovekoznaniya.

Psychology yog zoo yam rau lub ntuj sciences. Nws ua rau nws kim heev kev siv ntawm kev sim hom kev kawm nyob rau hauv cov kev tshawb fawb. Nws yog qhov kev kawm ntawm cov ntau txoj kev ntawm statistical suav tau raug tsim. Nyob rau lwm cov tes, psychology - nws yog lub humanities, interwoven nrog tag nrho cov kev txawj ntse ntawm tus neeg. BG Ananiev txhais qhov chaw ntawm psychology cov lwm sciences li cov tub ntxhais system ntawm tus tib neeg lub sciences.

Sis nrog rau lwm cov sciences yog reflected nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntawm teb ntawm psychology: psychology ntawm tus (mus rau anthropology), txawv txav kev loj hlob ntawm Psychology, Psychosomatics, pathopsychology (txuas nrog Psychiatry), neuropsychology (txuas mus rau lub cev thiab neurobiology), psychogenetics (txuas rau noob caj noob ces), psycholinguistics (txuas nrog hais lus txoj kev kho), forensic thiab criminal psychology (kev sib raug zoo nrog kev cai lij choj), etc.