Cov kev pab cuam nrog rau tar.gz txuas ntxiv: yuav ua li cas rau nruab, kev qhia ua ntu zus thiab tswv yim

Thawj qhov pom ntawm tes hauj lwm hauv Internet tau cim los ntawm qis qis thiab tsis sib haum xeeb. Nws yog nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm ntawd nws coj mus tsim ib tug daws, raws li nyob rau hauv uas peb yuav hloov cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv compressed daim ntawv mus rau txuag bandwidth network. Muaj ntau txoj kev thiab algorithms tau sim. Thiab ces ntau software khoom mus rau lub lag luam - WinZip, WinRAR thiab lwm tus, khov kho entrenched nyob rau hauv no niche. Cov cuab yeej no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau tsev neeg ntawm lub qhov rais operating systems. Nyob rau hauv Linux, tib lub chaw tau kheev siv archives bzip2, Gzip thiab tar. Nws yog hais txog pawg ntawm ob lub xeem uas yuav tau sib tham nyob hauv tsab xov xwm no.

Dab tsi yog tar thiab gz

Tar yog ib hom ntawv sau archive uas yuav khaws cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb xws li cov ntaub ntawv cov ntaub ntawv, cov qauv ntawv, thiab ntau dua. Tib qho kev pabcuam, tau muab nruab rau hauv Linux systems, ua haujlwm nrog cov ntawv sau ntawm hom ntawv. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, koj tsis tuaj yeem compress compress ntaub ntawv koj tus kheej. Yog li ntawd, kom txo qhov loj ntawm cov tshwm sim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, nws siv cov khoom siv thib-thib compression. Feem ntau nws yog gzip los yog bzip2.

Lub gzip archiver siv lub Deflate txujci rau compression, uas tso cai rau koj kom txo tau qhov loj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsis tau poob. Tsuas yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm gzip yog nws tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ib txhij nrog ntau cov ntaub ntawv. Yog li, thiaj li yuav tsim tau ib qho archive, nws yog chav nrog lub chaw tso dej. Yog li, kom ntau cov ntaub ntawv, tar ua ntej tsim ib archive ntaub ntawm lawv, uas yog ces compressed los ntawm gzip.

Lwm nthuav feature ntawm gzip yog lub peev xwm los mus ceev cov ntaub ntawv, raws li lawv hais, "ntawm ya." Nyob rau hauv no txoj kev, ntau lub browsers yog nquag siv cov txheej txheem no kom yuam kev.

Yuav ua li cas rau nruab tar.gz - archive los yog qhov kev pab cuam

Hauv Linux, thiab hauv particular hauv Ubuntu, muaj ntau cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov kev pab cuam qee zaum muab los ua tar.gz archives. Cov no tuaj yeem yog cov kev siv, kev pabcuam, los yog cov ntaub ntawv sau cia xwb. Yog li no, tag nrho cov lus piav qhia ntxiv yuav muab rau Ubuntu operating system. Yuav kom nkag siab yuav ua li cas rau nruab cov archive hauv Ubuntu tar.gz, koj tuaj yeem siv piv txwv rau txhua qhov kev pab cuam uas tuaj nrog rau qhov chaws.

Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem tau download tau cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv kev zoo siab, lub download ntawm cov uas muaj laj mej pej xeem muaj. Cov khoom siv no ua ib qho yooj yim - txais tos lub ntiaj teb hauv qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev qhia ntawm thawj cov lus qhia ntawm cov lus programming. Ntawm cov lus hais nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw nyob, nws yog qhov zoo uas yuav tau xaiv ib lub qab tshib.

Yog li, cov ntaub ntawv yog downloaded, tab sis yuav ua li cas rau nruab tar.gz? Nws yooj yim heev. Hauv operating systems xws li Ubuntu, koj yuav tsum siv lub davhlau ya nyob twg. Koj tuaj yeem hu nws los ntawm nias Ctrl + Alt + t. Nws qhov rai zoo li no:

Yuav kom tshem tau cov ntaub ntawv, koj yuav tsum tau txais. Nyob hauv lub davhlau ya nyob twg, qhov no yuav ua tau siv cov cd hais kom ua thiab cov directory. Piv txwv li:

Cd Downloads

Tom qab nkag mus rau qhov kev hais kom ua, sau tus yuam yog nias, uas xa nws mus ua tiav. Tam sim no lub davhlau ya nyob twg yog nyob rau hauv ib phau ntawv nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv downloaded hello-2.10.tar.gz. Lo lus txib tar zxvf hello-2.10.tar.gz raug ntaus. Nws tshwm sim yog qhov tso zis rau lub console ntawm daim ntawv teev tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv rho tawm.

Tam sim no cov hauj lwm tuaj rau lub ntsiab taw tes nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas rau nruab lub archive nyob rau hauv Ubuntu tar.gz, - kev npaj thiab muab tso ua ke.

Npaj cov ntaub ntawv cov ntaub ntawv

Ua ntej koj yuav tsum tau rov qab rau hauv tib lub nplaub tshev li cov ntaub ntawv unpacked. Ua li no, siv cd cov lus txib nrog cov directory sau tseg - nyob zoo-2.10. Tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub nplaub tshev koj tus kheej koj yuav tsum khiav qhov hais kom ua ./configure - pabcuam. Nws yuav qhia rau koj paub txog yuav ua li cas rau nruab qhov kev pab cuam. Feem ntau, ib qho yooj yim qhia rau ./configure yog txaus. Txawm li cas los xij, tus neeg siv yuav tsis muaj cai nkag mus nruab rau qhov default directory, uas yog / usr / zos. Yog li, koj yuav tsum qhia kom meej tias daim ntawv thov yuav tsum muab nruab rau hauv qhov system hauv tsev. Tag nrho pab neeg no zoo li qhov no:

./configure --prefix = $ TSEV

Raws li nws cov tiav, lub kaw lus yuav xyuas tag nrho cov kev tso cai thiab yuav tsim tawm kawg ntawm ob peb kab hais txog qhov kev tsim tau zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.

Muab tso ua ke

Tam sim no nws tshua mus sau tus qauv npaj. Qhov no yog ua los ntawm kev ua lus txib yooj yim hauv cov qub directory ntawm unpacked archive. Yog hais tias cov zis tsis muaj qhov yuam kev, ces qhov muab tso ua ke tau zoo, tam sim no nws tseem nkag siab tias yuav ua li cas rau nruab qhov kev pab cuam los ntawm tar.gz mus rau lub system. Ua li no, siv qhov hais kom nruab. Yog hais tias nws tseem tsis muaj qhov yuam kev, ces txhua yam tau raug ntsia rau hauv lub cev, thiab nws yuav siv tau. Tab sis ua ntej ntawd, nws tsim nyog teev hais tias yog koj teev cov directory hauv tsev raws li txoj kev txhim kho, koj yuav ntxiv nws mus rau PATH ib puag ncig hloov mus raws li hauv qab no:

Export PATH = $ HOME / bin: $ PATH

Tam sim no qhov kev pab cuam compiled thiab ntsia rau hauv qhov system tau tawm los ntawm txhua tus directory los ntawm kev hu xov tooj hauv lub xov tooj.

Qhov tseeb, nws tau ua tau los txhim kho qhov kev pab cuam no los ntawm kev hu rau apt-get nruab nyob hauv Ubuntu, zoo li nws muaj nyob hauv nws cov chaw cia khoom. Tab sis lub ntsiab lus ntawm tsab xov xwm yog qhia yuav ua li cas rau nruab tar.gz archive. Yog li, qhov kev pabcuam hauv tsev zoo li ua ib hom kab npua. Nws tsuas pom tias yuav ua li cas rau nruab rau tar.gz pob. Peb kuj kawm tau tias yuav ua li cas muab nws rho, sau nws thiab khiav ntawm lub cev.

Yuav ua li cas rau nruab tar.gz ntawm Linux Mint

Ua hauj lwm hauv Mint tsis txawv ntawm Ubuntu. Tshwj tsis yog tias lub davhlau ya nyob twg tuaj yeem rov qab mus rau lwm tus yawm sij. Hauv rooj lus dav dav, qhov algorithm rau kev txhim kho qhov kev pab cuam los ntawm tar.gz archive yuav zoo li qub:

• Download ncaj qha tar.gz nws tus kheej;
• Yuav ua li cas rau nruab tar.gz thiab unpack nws, tau piav ib me ntsis saum toj no;
• Khiav ua configure, ua, thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, ua nruab;

Yooj yim hauv cov lus txib

Cov kev pabcuam ntawm cov kev ua tau zoo muaj ntau cov nta, qhov kev siv uas yog muaj kev xaiv. Koj tuaj yeem saib lawv daim ntawv teev npe tag nrho los ntawm kev hu rau - pabcuam hauv lub davhlau ya nyob twg. Rau qhov yooj yim unpacking, siv lub tar-xvf kab rau cov archive. Yog hais tias koj yuav tsum qhia kom meej uas yog hom twg yuav ua li cas, qhov kev xaiv-C yog ntxiv: tar -xvf txoj kev mus rau archive -C txoj kev mus rau qhov chaw ceev tseg. Keys siv nyob rau hauv pab neeg no txhais tau hais tias:

• -z. Qhov tseem ceeb no qhia tau hais tias koj xav tau los hla qhov no los ntawm qhov kev pab cuam gzip;
• -x. Txhais tau tias, ua tau, qhov tseem ceeb heev;
• -v. Nws hais tias thaum qhov kev hais kom ua tiav, tag nrho cov txheej txheem kev sau npe yuav tshwm;
• -f. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias koj xav muab cov ntaub ntawv cia hauv zos;

Kuj, ua ntej unpacking, koj tuaj yeem saib cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nrog cov lus txib tar -tf txoj kev mus rau lub archive.

Qhov yooj yim commands ntawm gzip

Gzip cov kev pab kuj tseem siv tau rau lwm tus, rau kev sau ntawv lossis xa cov ntaub ntawv. Los tsim ib qho archive, koj yuav tsum khiav cov lus txib gzip filename. Conversely, kom unpack - gunzip filename.gz.

Ntxiv nrog rau cov lus sam hwm, tseem muaj cov yawm sij uas nthuav cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kev zov me nyuam. Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb zoo li no:

• -h. Siv qhov yuam cai no yuav ua rau muaj kev teev npe ntawm cov kev xaiv thiab cov lus txib;
• -q. Blocks tag nrho cov lus uas tshwm sim thaum khiav;
• -t. Qhov tseem ceeb no tshev lub zeem cia rau kev ntseeg;
• -txhawb thiab-dawb. Cov ob lub lag luam tswj tus ceev ntawm kev tsim archive. Qhov zoo tshaj yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws compression zoo, tab sis qeeb qeeb. Yoojyim - ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, sai sai, tab sis nrog me me feem pua ntawm archiving.

Xaus

Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb tau pom cov lus txib nyuaj thiab pom tias yuav ua li cas rau nruab rau ntawm qhov kev tawm tswv yim ntawm tar.gz lossis qhov kev zov me nyuam mus rau hauv. Hom no zoo ib yam li Ubuntu thiab Mint, thiab rau ntau tus lej Linux.

Qhov tseeb, qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm cov kev pabcuam thiab cov kev pabcuam yog cov ntau dua, thiab kev tshawb fawb ntau ntawm lawv yog dhau ntawm qhov uas muaj nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no.