Cov ntsiab lus tsis tau pom kev?

Ib txhia neeg xav kom coj tsom iav los ntawm lub sij hawm rau lub sij hawm. Qhov no yog vim txawv yog vim li cas: ib tug neeg tsis xis nyob rau hauv lawv ib tug neeg luag thuam, ib tug neeg tsis nyiam nws lub ntsej muag framed tsom iav. Txawm li cas los, cov lus nug yog tsis yog tsim kom zoo nkauj thiab kev nplij siab. Muaj coob tus neeg tuav qhov view tias tus tsom iav tsis tau pom kev, yog hais tias lawv yog hnav tsis tu ncua.

Nyob rau hauv 2013 nws tau luam tawm cov kev tshwm sim ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb nqa tawm nyob rau hauv Nigeria. Yuav luag 65% ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm koom nyob rau hauv lub daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas ntseeg tias tsom iav ua mob qhov muag noj qab haus huv. Nyob rau hauv Pakistan, ib tug zoo li lub tswv yim yog qhia los ntawm 69% ntawm cov pejxeem, nyob rau hauv lub Indian lub xeev ntawm Karnataka - 30%. Nyob rau hauv Brazil, yog li xav txog txawm cov kws kho mob. Yog muaj tej vim li cas rau qhov no saib?

Cov neeg yuav tsum tau coj tsom iav mas yog vim ob tug yog vim li cas - farsightedness thiab nearsightedness. Thawj pathology nyob rau hauv feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm lub hnub nyoog-kev hloov. Nyob rau hauv 40-50 xyoo, muaj coob tus neeg pom qhov muag plooj tsis pom kev, teeb meem nyob rau hauv kev nyeem ntawv, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv tsawg lub teeb. Cov laus txheej txheem muaj feem xyuam rau cov mob ntawm lub qhov muag lens, ua rau nws tsawg elastic, hindering refocusing thaum qhov kev ncua deb rau tus kwv. Peb tau mus yuav nyeem ntawv tsom iav thaum koj tsis pub koj ob txhais tes mus thawb rov qab yuav tsum tau deb ntawm lub qhov muag ntawm ib phau ntawv los yog ib tug zaub mov.

Oddly txaus, qhov kev tshwm sim thiab yuav tshwm ntawm ntev-lub sij hawm coj tsom iav tsis zoo kawm. Raws li muaj nyob rau ntaub ntawv, hnav coj iav tsis muaj feem xyuam lub zeem muag rau kev nyeem ntawv. Yog vim li cas ua li ntawd muaj coob tus neeg ntseeg tias qhov opposite?

Peb yuav xav hais tias thaum lub sij hawm tsub kom dependence rau tsom iav vim hais tias cov lens yog nce degraded. Cov neeg yog nce tig mus rau lub ntsiab lus, xav hais tias lawv yog qhov ua rau ntawm deterioration ntawm lub xub ntiag, txawm lub fact tias xws li ib tug causal link yog uas ploj lawm.

Nrog ntev-lub sij hawm foundations nws tsis, coj tsom iav los yog tsis. Txawm li cas los, yog hais tias nws yog qhua koj ob lub qhov muag thaum koj nyeem, tej zaum koj yuav muaj ib tug mob taub hau los yog tsis xis nyob rau hauv lub ob lub qhov muag.

Tsis tsis tau pom kev tsom iav? Qhov teeb meem ntawm muaj tseeb hloov

Thaum peb saib cov me nyuam, cov lus nug yuav tsum sib txawv. Yog hais tias cov niam txiv ntawm ib tug me nyuam tus me nyuam yuav tsum khaws cov tsis ncaj ncees lawm tsom iav los yog tsis tos li nyob rau tag nrho cov, nco ntsoov tias yuav muaj txim.

Rau ib ntev lub sij hawm peb ntseeg hais tias thaum myopia theem ntxiv zoo hnav weaker ntsiab lus raws li qeeb qeeb elongation ntawm lub ceev ceev yuav tshwm sim, thiab raws li, thiab qhov muag plooj tsis pom kev. Cov kev tshab txhais yog raws li nram no sib cav: thaum ib tug neeg ris tsom-iav, xaiv nyob rau hauv raws li hauv daim ntawv qhia, thaum tsom rau ib yam kev kawm nyob ze ntawm lub ceev ceev yuav sim rub tawm, thiab hais tias yog dab tsi koj xav tau los mus tiv thaiv.

Cov kev tshawb fawb, ua nyob rau hauv 2002 nyob rau hauv Malaysia, qhia lub fallacy ntawm no hypothesis. Nws muab kev koom tes 94 cov me nyuam thiaj paub hais tias nrog myopia, lawv tau muab faib mus rau hauv 2 pab pawg. Nyob rau hauv ib pab pawg neeg ntawm cov me nyuam khaws cov tsom iav nyob rau hauv raws li cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv lwm yam - weaker tshaj yog tsim nyog. Thaum pib ntawm txoj kev tshawb yog tus muaj hnub nyoog ntawm cuaj rau kaum plaub. Tshaj yav dhau los ob xyoo twb ntsuas qhov ntev ntawm lub ceev ceev tom qab tej lub sij hawm Team sib. Txoj kev tshawb no tsom deterioration ntawm lub zeem muag thiab ntau dua elongation ntawm lub ceev ceev nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam uas coj qhws weaker cov ntsiab lus.

Luam tawm nyob rau hauv 2011 Cochrane xyuas (cov ntaub ntawv saib xyuas npaj thoob ntiaj teb pej xeem lub koom haum ntawm heev tsim nyog cov kws kho mob - Cochrane Tswv yim) kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov me nyuam uas muaj tus mob ntawm "myopia" xaus lus tias cov kev pab cuam ntawm hnav haum, tsis weaker cov ntsiab lus.

Tsis ntev los no luam tawm, tus coos nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm lub nees nkaum peb xyoo txoj kev tshawb no ntawm hnyav myopia hais tias qhov opposite qhov tseeb. Nyob rau hauv 1983, lub Finnish txoj kev tshawb no muab kev koom tes ntau pawg ntawm myopic cov me nyuam, muab faib rau ob peb thaj av. Group, qhov twg cov me nyuam nyeem tsis tsom iav, tsom lub weakest tau, qhov muag plooj tsis pom kev yog ntau khaus piv nrog cov neeg uas yeej ib txwm coj qhws tsom iav. Peb xyoos tom qab, tag nrho cov me nyuam yuav tsum coj tsom iav lossi tau muab. Raws li qhov teeb meem 20 xyoo, qhov sib txawv ntawm cov pab pawg twb tsis tau.

Raws li lub zoo-paub ophthalmologist kws phais neeg tsom iav uas raug xaiv, yuav tsis ua mob rau cov kev kho mob ntawm lub qhov muag.

Cov cuab fact ntawm tag nrho cov, yog vim li cas ib tug me nyuam nrog cov neeg pluag pom yuav tsum coj tsom iav. Vim hais tias Nws ob lub qhov muag, dhau lawm, yog yuav muaj kev rau tus txheej txheem ntawm cov kev kawm, cov tsis muaj zoo xaiv cov ntsiab lus yuav ua rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm amblyopia, qhov thiaj li hu ua "tub nkeeg qhov muag", vim hais tias cov retina tsis muaj kev nyob rau hauv cov ntshiab thiab yog dluab. Ntxiv mus, peb pom hais tias xaiv nyob rau hauv raws li cov tshuaj tsom iav kom nyeem ntawv ceev thiab txo qhov uas yuav muaj kev tsim strabismus.

Tab sis qhia rau peb tig mus rau cov neeg laus. Qhov no cheeb tsam yog underexplored. Nws muab tawm hais tias xws li kev tshawb fawb muaj tsis muaj tuav.

Raws li tus kws phais Morfildskoy qhov muag tsev kho mob nyob rau hauv London, xibfwb Ananth Viswanathan, kev tshawb fawb no tsis muaj, raws li muaj yog tsis muaj sia yog vim li cas xav tias tsom iav tsis tau pom kev.