Cov painting "Black Square" los ntawm Malevich: lub ntsiab lus ntawm ib daim duab, ib tug piav qhia ntawm

Ib puas xyoo dhau los, ob tug cov lus uas tau txiav txim siab zoo, tsis muab so rau ib tug zoo muaj coob tus neeg. Cov painting "Black Square" rau tej txawv teb chaws pib xyaum ua kos duab - nto moo tshaj plaws Lavxias teb sab ua hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab - ib lub cim ntawm lub tswv yim rau ib tug ntev lub sij hawm ua ntej ntawm lub sij hawm txawm nyob rau hauv ceev ceev XX caug xyoo.

cataclysms era artist

Kazimir Severinovich Malevich nyob kuv lub neej, lub kawg zoo ib yam li txoj hmoo ntawm ib tug ntse charlatan los ntawm art, tau teem ib lub hom phiaj kom tau nplua nuj los ntawm muag abstruse theories, lub cim ntawm uas yog pom ib tug ntau ntawm "cov kws txawj" painting ntawm Malevich "Black Square". Nws yug los nyob rau hauv 1879 nyob rau hauv Kiev, nyob rau hauv ib tug loj tsev neeg lawm tus neeg saib xyuas nyob rau hauv ib tug qab zib Hoobkas. Lub siab yog mus rau kos los ntawm thaum yau, tab sis tau nyiaj tsawg yog tsis tau tso cai rau tau txais kev kos duab kawm ntawv, yuam thaum ntxov pib ua hauj lwm lub neej raws li ib tug draftsman.

Nyob rau hauv Kursk, qhov twg nws tsiv Malevich tsev neeg, nws tau tsim tsa ib lub voj voog ntawm cov kos duab lovers thiab pib los npaj mus rau hauv lub Moscow tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Painting, uas unsuccessfully sim ua nyob rau hauv 1905 - nws Corporate kawm ntaub kawm ntawv. Txawm tias Casimir yog ib tug twb tau tsev neeg tus txiv neej, nws tsiv mus rau Moscow, uas qhia rau tsev kawm ntawv ntiav kawm tiav ntawm lub Imperial Academy of Arts F. I. Rerberga thiab nquag koom nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab koom haum ua teb, tej zaum cov feem ntau radical - xws li "Jack ntawm Diamonds", "Zag tus Tsov tus tw" , "Blue rider" thiab thiaj on. d.

nrhiav lub sij hawm

New Era abolished lub qub qhov tseem ceeb. Poob kev txiav txim zoo ntawm cov duab nta pictorial kos duab, ntaub ntawv teev tseg lub sij hawm coj tus yees duab thiab cov nascent zaj duab xis, yuam ntxias mus xyaum ua tej yam nrog rau hauv daim ntawv. Social thiab economic kiv puag ncig ua sob li ib txwm ntsiab lus, nquag influencing cov kev tshawb fawb rau cov ntsiab lus tshiab canvases.

Malevich nyob rau hauv lub midst ntawm artistic lub neej tau raug los ntawm lub siab heev tshaj plaws tiam sis: sau impressionistic ua hauj lwm, muab ib feem nyob rau hauv lub teeb meem ntawm tus Futurists (eg - mus taug kev nyob rau hauv lub Kuznetsky Choj ntoo diav nyob rau hauv lawv cov buttonholes), pleev xim rau hauv cov style ntawm cubism, tau tsim nws tus kheej style - "abstruse realism ", tsim tus ntawv feem ntau avant-garde paj huam xws li A. cov thiab Velimir Khlebnikov. Ua ke nrog Mayakovsky tso "Niaj hnub no tus txheem ', qhia rau cov txheej xwm ntawm lub ntiaj teb ua ntej ua tsov ua rog.

"Yeej tshaj lub hnub"

Txawm nyob rau hauv 1913, muaj tsim kev lom zem ntau txiav txim lub tswv yim lub neej ntawm Malevich. Nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg hosted "Thawj All-Lavxias teb sab Congress of Futurists", uas twb tau mus kawm los ntawm peb cov neeg: lub inventor ntawm ib tug tshiab hom lus - "zaum" - Aleksey Kruchonyh, ib tug supporter ntawm cov suab paj nruas dissonance Michael Matyushin thiab active tus nrog sib ntaus ntawm paj lug painting Kazimir Malevich. Cov tshwm sim ntawm cov tshwm sim ua hauj lwm tau ob yeeb yam ntawm lub opera "Yeej tshaj lub hnub", muaj nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm avant-garde kos duab. Nws yog los ntawm no Ameslikas Malevich painting "Black Square" - zoo li motif nyob raws li ib tug backdrop rau lub scenery mus rau lub 1 ua los ntawm kev cov opera.

Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm cov opera yog cov me nyuam yug ntawm tus tshiab, lub cav ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej, uas muaj peev xwm tsuas tshwm sim thaum lub teb puas tsuaj ntawm cov laus lub ntiaj teb no. No lub ntsiab yog embodied los ntawm uas tsis yog-kev lam nyob rau hauv zoo heev costumes raws li sketches los ntawm Malevich, hais obscure, tab sis kev paub qhia lo "dev paus", ib tug txav nyob hauv lub amazing scenery nyob rau hauv hnyav atonal suab rho tawm los ntawm ib tug kev cia siab piano. Cov ua yeeb yam twb nyob rau hauv scandal, t. E. Lub hom phiaj twb tiav.

"0,10" exhibition

Contemporaries sau tseg Malevich tus muaj peev xwm mus sib sau ua ke nyob ib ncig ntawm nws ntxias muab los ua kom muaj tswv yim. Tab sis txawm rau nws pab nws yog ib tug ua kom tiav surprise exhibition ntawm 39 paintings npaj rau lub exhibition, uas qhib Hlis ntuj nqeg 19, 1915 nyob rau hauv lub gallery N. Dobychina rau lub Champ de Mars nyob rau hauv Petrograd. Lub npe "Xoom Kaum" meant pes tsawg hom phiaj ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub paintings thiab kaum tso rau neeg pom (tab sis yog muaj 14). Nws yog nws tus thawj lub sij hawm muaj ib daim duab ntawm lub "dub box" - ib tug yees duab captures nws nyob rau hauv lub "liab ces kaum", qhov twg feem ntau yog muab tso rau icons. Cov artist nws tus kheej dai rau painting nyob rau hmo ntuj ua ntej qhib, sau zog thiab kos npe, npaj ib tug manifesto "Los ntawm Cubism rau Suprematism. Tshiab pictorial realism. " Yog li nws los ua lub taub hau ntawm ib tug tshiab artistic zog, uas nws cim yog lub painting "Black Square". Lub exhibition muaj tau xws li lub "Xeem futurist", tab sis lub ntsiab txhais ntawm nws raws li ib tug kev hloov mus rau Suprematism, raws li Malevich, nws lug txhawb cov miv tsis pom zoo - dhau radical tswv yim hais tias artist.

Suprematism

Lub npe los ntawm cov Latin supremus - lub siab tshaj plaws - thiab Polish supremacja - superiority, supremacy. Lub theoretical kev loj hlob ntawm ib tug tshiab style ntawm Malevich hais txog cov dominance ntawm irrelevance li cov defining yam ntxwv ntawm yeej muaj tseeb kos duab. Freed los ntawm paj lug painting yuav ib tug ua los ntawm kev ntshiab creation, zoo li lub saum ntuj los, thiab cov painting "Black Square" nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim muaj ib tug zoo pervokletki, cov thawj lub caij ntawm lub ntiaj teb tshiab.
Lwm lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub sij hawm Malevich qhia ntawm ib qho tseem ceeb qhov tseem ceeb rau lub tshiab kev muaj tiag tsim los ntawm cov loj cov cuab yeej uas nws siv - cov xim, kab, yooj yim geometric ntaub ntawv. Tus thawj Suprematist motifs, xws li paintings Kazimira Malevicha "Black Square", muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb expressiveness raws li cos xim compositions, tsis distorted linear thiab sim saum nruab ntug foundations, lub imitation ntawm volume thiab thiaj li nyob. D. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tej ntsiab cai coj rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm tej yam nyob rau hauv lub ntau yam lwm yam - supremacist steel muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm tib neeg cov nuj nqis nyob txawm peb-dimensional ntsiab - "architectons" qhia ua Malevich views on yav tom ntej architecture.

Lub hauv paus ntawm lub ntiaj teb tshiab uas tsim los ntawm cov artist muaj ib tug loj qhia - "Black Square". Lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov duab ntawm lub atom yog determined nqi ntawm uas yog tsis ua kuas ntawm uas twb muaj lawm ntiaj teb no thiab cov tshiab, cov lwm yam kev muaj tiag thiab muaj ntau haiv neeg ntawm lub ntiaj teb no tau muab lub ambiguity thiab "Black Square". Yuav ua li cas yog nws?

Apotheosis ntawm irrelevance

Proclaiming ywj siab tiag tiag ntshiab kos duab rau ntawm documenting cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev muaj tiag, cov artist los inevitably mus rau lub tsis ntawm tej paj lug, los yog mus nrhiav cov thawj zaug zoo, uas yog tsis yooj yim sua cais mus rau hauv constituent ntsiab. Qhov no yog cov thawj lub caij uas yog nyob Malevich - "Black Square". Lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov duab no yog hais tias lub tswv yim ua los ntawm nws, tsis yog nyob ntawm seb semantic cov ntsiab lus, los ntawm lub koom haum nrog rau lub hom phiaj lub ntiaj teb no, cov kev ua tim khawv thiab allusions. Cov neeg ua hauj lwm muab Wizard yog tsis yooj yim, nws yuav tsum tau kev koom tes los ntawm cov tuav, lub voltage ntawm nws sab ntsuj plig lub zog, muaj nws ntawm ib co nra. Thiab feem ntau nws tsis muab cov lus teb, thiab nruab nrab yog ib txoj kev tshiab kom tau lub impressions ntawm lub neej, thiab yog hais tias lub hom phiaj ntawm cov kos duab?

Xim - lub hauv paus ntawm niaj hnub painting

Cov tag nrho cov npe ntawm nws nto moo tshaj plaws painting tswv denoted los ntawm "Black Suprematist square nyob rau hauv ib tug dawb keeb kwm yav dhau." Rau cov artist thiab cov philosopher no nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau txhua txhua lo lus, vim hais tias cov primacy ntawm cov xim, nws thawj underlies cov Suprematism. Koj yuav nrhiav tau ib tug piav qhia ntawm lub painting "Black Square" los ntawm Malevich, qhov twg cov xim ntawm cov xim muaj hlau siv rau cov canvas, nws yog ib tug complex sib tov ntawm txawv ntxoov, cov uas muaj muaj tsis muaj tseeb dub thiab dawb bezels hu ua flickering teeb kua ntxoov.

Nws nkawd hais tias nws ua kev nkag siab rau tus tswv, thaum nws tau ua kauj ruam tom ntej - nyob rau hauv lub npe nrov series ntawm "dawb nyob dawb" thaum lub expressiveness ntawm painting yog raws li nyob rau hauv kev hloov maj mam xim kev sib raug zoo ntawm lub dav hlau. Cov painting "Black Square" - ib tug tshaj tawm ntawm cov hom xim, feem ntau tseem ceeb, tseem ceeb, zoo. Txawm tias qhov kev nkag siab ntawm dub raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm cov mixing ntawm cov thawj xim (sov thiab txias, spectral thiab lwm yam), thiab txhawb nqa qhov tseem ceeb ntawm no tshaj tawm.

Zog thiab lub teeb

Tsis muaj lub zem thawj mention ntawm ib tug dub square pom nyob rau hauv Malevich tus ua hauj lwm rau tus tsim ntawm tus futuristic opera "Yeej tshaj lub hnub". Hauj lwm ntawm lub painting "Black Square", ib tug piav qhia ntawm ib tug dawb keeb kwm yav dhau uas yog muab tso rau ib tug opaque khoom daim duab raws li ib lub teeb batter ntawm cov tab tom yuav daim ntaub thaiv, tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub artist thiab cov neeg tuaj saib, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog organically nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab lus teb ntawm cov txheej xwm noj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub opera.

Nws yog amazing li cas Malevich tswj twv seb scenic chaw uas tau ua cov tshuaj pleev tom qab ib nrab ib xyoo pua. Ad Reinhardt, Sol LeWitt, tsis muaj tsis ntseeg, tau taug kev raws li txoj kev qhia los ntawm "Black Square". Nyob rau hauv Mark Rothko lub xim thiab lub zog co laconic daim ntawv acquires cosmic scale, thiab txhais tau tias ntawm kev qhia ntawm no lub zog yog zoo li tus Suprematist yuav luag lus.

Nws tsis yog lub npe hu li cas npaum li cas yog rau Malevich principled txiv neej-ua cov ntaub ntawv, ib qho yooj yim parallelism sab ntawm lub square, ripple tom qab thiab flickering dub, tab sis ib yam dab tsi ua rau mus saib mus rau hauv cov duab thiab cov feeb mystical tawg therefrom yuav tangible.

Qhov teeb meem ntawm lub tswv yim, qhov kawg ntawm daim duab?

Banal appropriation ntawm artistic ntse heev yaj saub zoo, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Malevich lub foresight yog tshwm tag. Muaj kuj cuab kev rau contemporaries apocalyptic motifs, uas tau muab Malevich "Black Square". Lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov duab lawv pom nyob rau hauv ib tug tuag thaum kawg, uas tau coj kos duab rau ntawm painting, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev sib raug zoo thought.

Lub ib txwm muaj nuj nqi ntawm lub fine arts twb tshaj tawm hais tias obsolete, thiab cov square pom muaj tej yam no uas muaj tswv yim tshawb formalists. Tsis muaj lub zem muaj ib tug dab neeg hais tias thaum nws pom "dub Square", Picasso poob kev txaus siab nyob rau hauv Cubism - txav ntxiv mus ... Tsis txhob ntxiv optimism tau tuaj ib lub sij hawm ua tsov ua rog thiab ib cov ntshiab kev paub ua ntej ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej revolutionary upheavals.

Thiab tsis tau, los ntawm cov saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm lub sij hawm elapsed nyob rau hauv lub slogans hais tias los ntawm Malevich, hnov hu mus nrhiav txoj kev tshiab, thiab tsis kam ntawm cov laus txoj kev displaying ib tug hloov lub ntiaj teb no tsis zoo li hom. Qhov no twb paub tseeb hais tias los ntawm ntxiv ua hauj lwm ntawm tus tswv thiab nws cov thwj tim nqi ntawm nws lub tswv yim.

taw tes otstcheta

Malevich canvas tseem excites tuab commentators, uas excites lub artist lub npe thiab tus nqi them rau tus thawj daim duab - lub "critics" uas muaj tus me nyuam-nkauj xwb txawj ntse. Lawv cas ntseeg nyob rau hauv ib tug pes tsawg tseem ceeb ntawm tej art. Cov dub qhov, absorbing teeb teeb meem ntawm yeej muaj tseeb artistic qhov tseem ceeb, thiab nkawd mas cov neeg saib xyuas ntawm sab ntsuj plig cai thiab kev coj tsis ncaj cov qauv.

Meanwhile, lub npe ntawm Malevich yog lub npe hu mus rau txhua txhua yav tom ntej artist, designer los yog kws kes duab vajtse nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, Suprematism muaj ib feem nyob rau hauv lub npe nrov tshaj contemporary artists. Piv txwv li, tus neeg sau ntawm lub ultra-niaj hnub ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv vaj tse thiab ib puag ncig los ntawm tus txiv neej - Zaha Hadid - qhia txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub tswv yim ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab artist rau tag nrho nws ua hauj lwm.

Yuav ua li cas koj yuav tsum tau ua ib tug painting "Black Square"

Koj yuav nyob lub neej tsis muaj kev xav txog lub zoo-noj ib tug xis lub neej, saib lub ntiaj teb no txawv dua li lwm leej lwm tus. arguing nrog cov phooj ywg thiab yeeb ncuab, yuav ua rau cov thwjtim, sim mus hais tau tus correctness ntawm lub xeev hwj huam thiab poob mus rau cov neeg txom nyem thiab exile, tuag los ntawm ib tug mob phem heev los yog tseem tsis tau laus laus thiab txia lawv tus kheej lub ntees tuag nyob rau hauv kev sib koom avant-garde kos duab.

Tab sis yog vim li cas tej yam uas complicate? Canvas, ib tug me ntsis ntawm cov xim muaj hlau thiab ib tug tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm painting kev txawj ntse - npaj txhij masterpiece ntawm lub ntiaj teb tseem ceeb. Thiab txawm zoo dua - lub computer editing thiab high-zoo lub tshuab luam ntawv - yog li smoother, ntau lawm, zoo nkauj tshaj ... Thiab feem ntau cov tseem ceeb - tsis ua ntxiv kev puas hlwb kev siv zog, vim hais tias txhua yam yog yooj yim li ...