CPU zaus: lub moos, lub siab tshaj plaws

Twb zus ib tug tag nrho tiam ntawm computer cov neeg uas tsis tau pom tus naas ej "haiv neeg megahertz" uas unfolded nruab nrab ntawm ob ua manufacturers ntawm CPUs rau desktop computers (uas tsis paub - Intel thiab AMD) nyob rau hauv lub lem ntawm lub xyoo txhiab. Nws kawg tuaj nyob ib ncig ntawm 2004, thaum nws los ua khees tias cov zaus ntawm lub processor - tsis yog yam ntxwv uas muaj feem xyuam rau nws ua tau zoo. Tsis tshua muaj neeg "tshaib plab" thiab tsis tshua muaj siab pes tsawg zaus pentium IV processors rau Prescott tub ntxhais los zoo heev rau 4 GHz, thiab yog li yooj yim los sib tw nrog K8 architecture uas tus tshiab "gems" los ntawm AMD, uas muaj ib tug zaus tsis siab tshaj 2,6-2 tau ua, 8 GHz.

Tom qab ntawd, ob lub chaw tsim tshuaj paus synchronously tsiv tawm ntawm txoj kev xyaum ntawm qhia kom paub txog cov khoom rau cov kev khiav hauj lwm zaus thiab hloov mus rau ib qho paub daws teeb qauv index. Qhov kev txiav txim ncaj ncees los ntawm cov kam ua kom paub kawg-user tsis meej pem txog processor kev kawm, ntawm tsuas yog ib qho ntawm nws tus yam ntxwv. Tseeb, muaj nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb kuj cov zaus ntawm lub processor tsheb npav, thiab cache loj, me, thiab cov txheej txheem uas cov tub ntxhais yog ua, thiab ntau yam ntxiv. Tab sis lub zaus ntawm lub processor yog tseem yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau cov tiag tiag li thiab intuitive rau cov neeg feem coob ntsuas lub "zoo" CPU.

Lub moos ceev ntawm lub processor, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, muaj feem xyuam rau nws ua tau zoo, piav txog lub xov tooj ntawm haujlwm ua ib ob. Tab sis qhov tseeb hais tias lub processors, ua rau sib txawv cores, siv ua tib yam hauj lwm ib tug txawv tus naj npawb ntawm mus, thiab los ntawm tiam mus rau tiam, qhov no parameter tej zaum yuav txawv ho. Nws yog los ntawm no tam sim no processor nrog ib tug me me zaus ntawm 2,0 GHz tawm deb tom qab thawj coj xya lub xyoos dhau los muaj ib tug moos zaus ntawm 3,8 GHz. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub processor ceev, raws li hais saum toj no, muaj feem xyuam rau qhov loj ntawm lub cache (lub siab nws yog, qhov tsawg feem ntau yog cov CPU yuav tau tig mus rau ib tug kuj qeeb nco), thiab lub zaus ntawm lub processor tsheb npav (lub siab nws yog, tus ceev cov ntaub ntawv hloov lwm lub tsev ntawm "ib lub pob zeb" thiab RAM), thiab ntau lwm yam, tsis tshua pom, tab sis lawv yuav tsis tsis tseem ceeb, yam ntxwv.

Tsis ntev los no popularized pib nkag mus rau xws li ib tug tshaj plaws li lub siab tshaj plaws zaus ntawm lub processor.

Maj mam, lub Intel, AMD thiab siv nyob rau hauv lawv cov khoom uas hais tias ua raws li avtorazgon. Lub tshuab no yeej tseem zoo tib yam ib chaw tsim tshuaj paus hu Turbo Boost, lub lwm - Turbo Core, tab sis hais tias nws essence tseem tib yam: processor moos ceev tau dynamically hloov, thiab tau cia, tsis muaj neeg siv kev pab. Qhov yuav tsum tau siv xws li technology vim lub fact tias tej tub ntxhais processors niaj hnub no twb ua, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, qhov txhia qhov, tab sis cov niaj hnub multi-threaded daim ntaub ntawv, hmoov tsis, yog tsis. Cov kev khiav hauj lwm qhov system, pom hais tias ib tug ntawm cov processor cores loaded considerably muaj zog tshaj lwm tus, nws tus kheej yuav tsub kom lub zaus ntawm cov tub ntxhais, nyob rau tib lub sij hawm ua kom cov processor nyob rau hauv nws "haiv neeg" teplopaketa (ie, lub system nws los rhuav tiv thaiv cov khoom overheating). Ntxiv mus, nyob ntawm seb lub processor qauv thiab cov kev mob, xws zaus tej zaum yuav tom kom nce ntawm 100 rau 600-700 MHz, thiab qhov no yog pom zoo, ib tug tseem ceeb nce nyob rau hauv lawv cov kev kawm. Qhov no technology yog txaus siab los ntawm feem ntau ntawm qhov tseeb processors los ntawm ob manufacturers. Intel muaj nws, nyob rau hauv particular, tag nrho cov CPU lineup Core i5 thiab Core i7, los ntawm AMD - tag nrho cov processors rau socket AM3 +, ua FM1 ntsawb (tshwj tsis yog rau processors nrog xiam oob qhab graphics ntxhais), raws li zoo li ib co "lub pob zeb" mus rau lub AM3 platform (rau-core Tuban thiab quad Zosma). Ntxiv mus, rau Intel processors, raws li nyob rau hauv lub connector ntsawb 1155, xws avtorazgon tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tseem ceeb yog hais tias peb coj mus rau hauv tus account uas vim tej architectural nta tag nrho "acceleration" los ntawm nce lub processor tsheb npav zaus yog zoo tsis yooj yim sua. Txawm li cas los, qhov no lub ntsiab lus yog heev lwm tsab xov xwm ...