Daws teeb meem - qhov yeeb yam tseem ceeb ntawm cov twj paj nruag kho qhov muag

Tag nrho cov kho qhov muag seev, hais txog ntawm lawv qhov thiab lub hom phiaj, yuav tsum tau muaj ib tug uas lub cev yam ntxwv uas yog hu ua "kev daws teeb meem." Qhov no lub cev cuab yeej yog tseem ceeb heev rau tag nrho cov, tsis muaj kev zam, kho qhov muag thiab optoelectronic instrumentation. Piv txwv li, rau lub tshuab tsom xam, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tsis yog lub hwj chim ntawm nws cov ntsiab muag, tiam sis tseem muaj kev daws teeb meem, uas yog qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom ntawm qhov khoom nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb nrhiav ncaj qha. Yog hais tias tus tsim ntawm no ntaus ntawv tsis muaj peev xwm muab kev cais kev xaav ntawm cov ntsiab lus me tshaj plaws, cov duab ua tau los ntawm kev tsis zoo txawm tias tseem ceeb ntxiv.

Lub hwj huam kho ntawm cov twj paj nruag optimum yog qhov ua kom muaj peev xwm los qhia qhov txawv ntawm qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov khoom soj ntsuam lossis ntsuas tau. Txwv kev daws teeb meem yog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm qhov cov ntsiab lus uas nyob ib sab (cov ntsiab lus) ntawm cov khoom, qhov uas lawv cov duab tsis tau pom dua li cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom, koom ua ke. Qhov me me no nyob deb li cas, lub zog dua ntawm cov hwj huam ntawm lub cuab yeej, feem.

Qhov kev txwv tsis pub sab nraud yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsim ntawm kev siv fais fab. Qhov no tseem ceeb tshaj plaws parameter pom qhov zoo ntawm qhov ntaus ntawv thiab, raws li, nws cov nqi. Vim yog cov khoom nta ntawm lub teeb tawg, tag nrho cov duab ntawm cov khoom me me ntawm qhov khoom muaj daim ntawv ntawm lub teeb me me ncig los ntawm lub cev ntawm kev cuam tshuam cov lus sib tham. Qhov tshwm sim no ua hauj lwm raws li kev txwv ntawm kev daws teeb meem ntawm cov khoom siv kho qhov muag.

Raws li txoj kev xav ntawm Askiv physicist Rayleigh ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, cov duab ntawm ob qho ze ntawm cov khoom me me tseem muaj peev xwm yuav pom tau thaum lawv qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib npaug. Tab sis txawm tias qhov kev daws teeb meem no muaj nws cov kev txwv. Nws yog txiav txim tau los ntawm qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov feeb lus ntawm cov khoom. Lub hwj chim ntawm lub hom phiaj yog feem ntau txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov kab sib txawv ntawm ib qho millimeter ntawm daim duab. Qhov tseeb no tau tsim muaj kev sim siab.

Lub hwj huam uas siv cov cuab yeej siv yog txo ntawm qhov tsis sib haum xeeb (deviations ntawm lub teeb beam los ntawm ib qho kev qhia) thiab ntau yam teeb meem hauv kev tsim kho qhov muag tshuab, uas ua rau ntau qhov chaw ntawm qhov cov qis ntawm cov xim. Yog li, lub me qhov loj ntawm lub diffraction me ntsis, lub siab dua lub hwj huam ntawm cov optics. Qhov no yog qhov taw qhia tseem ceeb.

Lub hwj huam sib kho ntawm txhua yam khoom siv kho qhov muag tau ntsuam xyuas los ntawm nws cov cuab yeej kho mob, uas qhia txhua yam uas cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm daim duab uas muab los ntawm lub ntaus ntawv no. Rau tej yam zoo li no, tau kawg, tag nrho ntawm txhua yam, aberration thiab diffraction yuav tsum tau ntaus nqi - lub hnab ntim ntawm obstacles los ntawm lub teeb tsis pom thiab, vim li ntawd, lawv txoj kev hloov ntawm txoj kev taw qhia rectilinear. Los txiav txim siab txog kev kho ntawm ntau yam khoom siv kho qhov muag, cov ntawv xeem tshwj xeeb sab nraud los yog cov pa roj carbon monoxide nrog cov qauv siv, hu ua worlds, yog siv.