Epidermis - yog dab tsi? Tus qauv ntawm lub epidermis

Ntawm daim tawv nqaij, raws li muaj ntau yam Dermatologists, yog ib tug complex tib neeg hloov khoom nruab nrog. Muaj ntau yam khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg thiab ib tug ntau yam ntawm kev khiav dej num, hearty network ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab cov pab pawg ntawm cov hlab receptors muab nws ib qho tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv cov kev tiv thaiv ntawm ib tug neeg los ntawm ib puag ncig yam tseem ceeb. Ntxiv mus, ntawm daim tawv nqaij kuj plays ib tug tham luag hauj lwm, muaj peev xwm tau txais tactile ntaub ntawv los ntawm lub ntiaj teb sab nraum. Cia lub sab sauv txheej ntawm lub epidermis yog ib qho tseem ceeb tsuas yog raws li ib tug cov neeg kho tshuab barrier, nws cov nqi yog heev loj.

General cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub epidermis

Txheej faib, maturing, tuag thiab twb tuag hlwb yog lub epidermis. Yuav ua li cas yog nws? Qhov no tag nrho cov ntaub uas muaj ntau yam khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg uas hlwb muab los ntawm tib lub qhov chaw, tab sis cov txheej txheem ntawm nyob rau hauv txawv muaj ntau seem nyob rau cov neeg kawm ntawv ntawm maturation. Lub epidermis yog thawj barrier universal nyuaj siab los ntawm tej uas txaus ntshai rau lub cev ntawm qhov chaw tau.

Fawm kib qauv: khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm daim tawv nqaij

layered qauv ntawm daim tawv nqaij - 3 khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg kev ua tau zoo txawv zog. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj ntawm no yog lub dermal muaj cov hlab ntsha, receptors thiab nqaij. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv lub dermis cov plaub hau. Thiab lawv "txwv zeej txwv koob", raws li zoo raws li tes, yog lub epidermis. Yuav ua li cas yog nws? Qhov no horny txheej nyob saum lub dermis thiab plays ib tug tiv, tsis tsuas nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo rau nws, tab sis kuj tseem kab mob. Ntxaum me ntsis dermis yog tsis tseem ceeb txheej ntawm daim tawv nqaij - cov ntaub so ntswg, qhov twg muaj roj accumulates nyob rau hauv adipocytes.

Fawm kib qauv ntawm cov epidermis

Lub deepest txheej yog lub basal uas tawg ntho muaj lub hlwb muaj peev xwm ntawm paub faib. Vim lawv muaj ib tug kho tshiab ntawm puas hlwb thiab replenishment ntawm poob horny teev. Lub thickness ntawm cov basal txheej melanocytes nyob ib accumulating tshuaj dub xim (melanin) yuav tsum tau rau cov ultraviolet tiv thaiv ntawm daim tawv nqaij.

Prickly txheej nyob saum toj no lub basal thiab lub tsev nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov kab 3-8 ntawm nyob hlwb twb tsis tau faib. Lawv ua ke rau txhua lwm yam los ntawm cytoplasmic protrusions impart cov neeg kho tshuab zog ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm daim tawv nqaij raug lwm influences tshwm sim nquag, tus xov tooj ntawm khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg spiny hlwb nce mus 8-10 daim. Nyob rau hauv cov qhov chaw muaj yog tsis muaj hws qog thiab cov plaub hau: tus taw thiab txhais tes. Nrog heev kev puas tsuaj lwm feem ntawm lub khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm cov epidermis kuj nyeem tas mus ua ib lub callus.

Tam sim ntawd saum toj no lub spinous txheej yog granular, uas muaj cov ib nrab tuag epidermal hlwb. Lawv organelles poob peev xwm tsim lub zog, tab sis noog ib tug tseem ceeb npaum li cas ntawm tonofibrils. Granular txheej li ntawm xwb 1-2 cell khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg taw qhia kom paub thaum uas tig mus rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij saum npoo av.

Ci ntsa iab txheej hu ua hlwb kiag li devoid ntawm organelles. Lawv lub hom phiaj - tus neeg kho tshuab kev tiv thaiv ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab lub tsheb txhob sibtsoo extinction, degradation mus rau lub stratum corneum. Cov yav tas yog dag. Nws yog ib tug ua ke ntawm tuag kuj hlwb, uas yog ib tug zoo teeb meem rau pathogenic influences.

Muaj nuj nqi ntawm epidermal hlwb

Lub ntsiab muaj nuj nqi ntawm lub epidermis yog cov creation ntawm cov neeg kho tshuab, lub cev, lom thiab tshuaj tej, delimiting lub internal ib puag ncig ntawm lub peev xwm thiab tiag tiag pathogens. Tab sis hais tias tsis yog tag nrho cov luag hauj lwm yog ua si los ntawm lub epidermis. Yuav ua li cas yog nws, thiab yuav ua li cas zoo li piav?

• Firstly, tus nto txheej delimits cov ib puag ncig ntawm lub cev thiab lub ntiaj teb sab nraum los tiv thaiv lub cev thiab tiv thaiv kev to ntawm ib qho tseem ceeb yam thiab yam.
• Secondly, zoo nws tiv thaiv cov epidermis tiv thaiv ionizing corpuscular thiab yoj tawg ntawm uas tsis muaj zog, uas lub cev txojkev txhua hnub.
• Peb, cov epidermis ntawm daim tawv nqaij - ib tug zoo tshuaj thaiv los mus tiv thaiv allergic thiab haum ntawm hydrophilic tshuaj. Thiab lub lipophilic (fat-soluble) lawv zoo assimilated.
• Thiab lub xeem rau ntawm daim ntawv, tab sis tsis muaj tsis tseem ceeb muaj nuj nqi - lom tiv thaiv. Muaj yog ib tug heev me me ntawm cov kab mob thiab fungi uas yuav kis tau rau tib neeg los ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Basic tiv thaiv lub luag hauj lwm no yog ua si los ntawm lub epidermis. Yuav ua li cas yog nws? Qhov no yog ib tug zoo cov neeg kho tshuab teeb meem uas tsuas tsis pub kom tau ib tug kab mob, cov kab mob, pwm los yog cab mus rau hauv lub cev, yuav ua tau rau mob muaj.

Tsis muaj melanocytes thiab tuag hlwb ntawm lub epidermis zog muaj tsis tau muab los siv. Epithelial hlwb ua raws li ib tug cov neeg kho tshuab barrier, thiab melanocytes - kho qhov muag. Qhov no txhais tau tias lub cuticle tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj thiab evaporation ntawm cov kua, thiab xim hlwb - los ntawm ultraviolet tawg. Tag nrho cov no tau tso cai txiv neej tau hloov mus rau lub tej yam kev mob uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub qub ntiaj teb no. Tom qab tag nrho, ntawm daim tawv nqaij tau tso cai rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob los ntawm uas tus txiv neej hloov zuj zuj, tawm ntawm cov dej thiab yuav tsum yeej xwb lub teb chaws.

Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov epidermis

Tag nrho cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm daim tawv nqaij phylogenetically hloov zuj zuj rau muab tej kev khiav dej num. Lub epidermis yog lub dermis yog tsim los tiv thaiv cov neeg kho tshuab, lub cev thiab tshuaj los. Nws yuav tsum tau kom tsis txhob muaj tsis kua uas muaj peev xwm qhuav los ntawm nws saum npoo tsuas yog tom qab lub tso pa tawm ntawm hws qog. Lwm txoj kev rau cov physiological kua to los ntawm lub cev los ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog muaj.

Yog hais tias peb xav txog lub epidermis los ntawm ib tug kom hniav zoo nkauj pom, lub cuab yog cov nram qab no muaj tseeb. Qhov no daim tawv nqaij txheej tej zaum yuav tsis muaj wrinkles thiab nti, muaj cov tsis muaj cov hlab ntsha. Nws yog powered by diffusion ntawm tshuaj los ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub dermis ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Yog li ntawd nws tsuas kom hniav zoo nkauj teeb meem yog cov nram qab no: hyperkeratosis (nyeem tas epidermis khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg) thiab daim tawv nqaij nti. Combating cov phenomena, thiab psoriasis, thiab kev kho mob yuav tsum tau daim ntawv thov tshuaj pleev ib ce.

Pathology ntawm lub epidermis thiab melanocyte

Muaj ob peb pawg ntawm cov kab mob uas muaj peev xwm raug kev txom nyem lub epidermis. Yuav ua li cas yog nws thiab yuav ua li cas rau cov ntaub ntawv lub xeev yog manifested, nyeem hauv qab no. Tus thawj qeb - kab mob txuam nrog nce npaug ntawm epidermal basal txheej hlwb. Tus kab mob no yog hu ua psoriasis. Muaj kuj yog ib tug congenital mob - ichthyosis, nyob rau hauv uas tus me nyuam twb yug los nrog hyperkeratosis thiab yog tsis zaum. Qhov thib ob pab pawg neeg ntawm cov kab mob ntawm lub epidermis - lub qog. Los ntawm cov epidermis muaj peev xwm tsim basal cell carcinoma thiab melanoma. Cov yav tas originates los ntawm melanocytes.