Fais fab mov ntawm private tsev: ib-line daim duab. Tsav ib lub private tsev hwj chim

Tsis ntev dhau los, tus tswv ntawm private tsev twb kev cob cog rua rau lub hwj chim kav lawv tus kheej. Cov kev tswj tuam txhab tsuas yuav tsum tau mus thov thiab nruab ib lub txee. Niaj hnub no lub qhov teeb meem no tau hloov radically. Rau hluav taws xob sib txuas koj yuav tsum muab peb tes num uas muaj ib tug piav qhia ntawm yuav ua li cas lub hwj chim ntawm tag nrho cov ntsia pab kiag li lawm nyob rau hauv lub tsev (boilers, txhua, thiab hais txog. Etc.). Uas yog, nyob rau hauv ib lub pob ntawm ntaub ntawv tsim nyog tau txais daim ntawv tso cai yog yuav tsum tau yuav tsum muaj xws li muab ib leeg-kab daim duab ntawm lub system. Rau cov lus qhia yuav ua li cas yuav ua rau nws, thiab yuav ua li cas npaj ib tug private lub tsev qhov hluav taws xob ntse ntsuav, thiab peb mam li tham ntxiv.

Cua ntsawj ntshab lub teb chaws tsev electrification. Peb-theem los yog ib leeg-theem?

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, ua ntej yog nqus tau tej Circuit Court thiab mus ua kom tawm ib tug kev twb kev txuas, koj yuav tsum tau los mus txiav txim qhov zoo ntawm lub hwj chim thiab nws qhov chaw, thiab thiaj li nyob. D.

Nyob rau hauv private tsev, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv nroog qhov, peb-theem los yog ib leeg-theem network yuav siv tau. Nyob rau hauv uas thiab lwm yam hom muaj nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si nws shortcomings thiab merits. Chiv, tej muaj network muaj peb theem. Nyob rau hauv high-sawv vaj tse feem ntau muab faib nyob rau hauv lub qhov. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm vim rau qhov txawv nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj ntawm siv hluav taws xob load theem conductors yog feem ntau sib txawv. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, tej zaum nws Burns nruab nrab hlau. Nyob rau hauv ib tug ntiav tsev tej teeb meem feem ntau tshwm sim vim hais tias ib tug tswv tsev, thiab, yog li ntawd, tswj lub load nyob rau hauv lub tsev theem yooj yim dua. Txawm li cas los, Yog hais tias siv tsis, ntau hom network cov teeb meem - mus txog rau lub tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm qhov hluav taws xob khoom siv - yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no. koj yuav tsum tau siv ib tug stabilizer uas yog muaj nqis kim heev los mus tiv thaiv zoo xws li cov teeb meem. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, qhov yuav tsum tau mus yuav khoom thiab cov khoom tsim los rau peb-theem kab. Uas tseem yuav ya ib tug ntau ntawm cov nyiaj. Yog li ntawd, siv ib tug peb-theem fais fab mov tswvyim ntawm private tsev yuav tsum thaum qhov no yog tiag tiag ib tug yuav tsum tau. Uas yog, yog hais tias nws yog lam xav installation ntawm haib heev li los yog khoom - machines, hluav taws xob qhovcub, thiab lwm yam ...

Qhov kom zoo dua ntawm ib theem tes hauj lwm yog tus uas tsis muaj nqi thiab yooj yim rau siv. Lub disadvantage - tsis siab dhau heev lawm lub hwj chim. Xws li ib tug network tsim nyog rau mount ib tug me me chav tsev los yog ib lub teb chaws lub tsev.

autonomous fais fab mov

Ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb tej yam kev mob rau ib tug xis nyob rau hauv tej lub tsev yog ib qhov nyob rau hauv lub tam sim no network. Txawm li cas los, hmoov tsis, thaum lub hwj huam mov ntawm private tsev ua los ntawm tag nrho cov kis kab, muaj ntau feem ntau teeb meem txuam nrog rau disruptions nyob rau hauv nws cov mov. Ib tug zoo txoj kev tawm ntawm qhov teeb meem no tej zaum yuav ntxiv kev siv ntawm ywj siab fais fab mov. Rau cov neeg muaj xws li:

• Ib ce. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub hwj chim tsis ua hauj lwm rau hauv lub ntaus ntawv pib ua hauj lwm instantly thiab txiav.
• Generator. Tej khoom no ua rau petrol, diesel los yog roj. Nws tseem yuav qhib kom ua huaj txiav. lag luam lub sij hawm nyob tsuas yog nyob rau tus nqi ntawm cov roj. Thaum txaus hwj chim generator yuav muab hwj chim txawm loj heev lub tsev rau ib ntev lub sij hawm.

Yuav ua li cas tau kev tso cai mus cuag

Yog li ntawd, nrog rau cov xov tooj ntawm theem, ib tug zoo ntxiv khoom siv fais fab thiab thiaj li nyob. D. Koj tau txiav txim siab. Yuav ua li cas tom ntej no? Nyob rau hauv dab tsi thiaj private lub tsev yog kev cob cog rua rau cov kis kab? Fais fab mov ntawm lub teb chaws lub tsev nyob ntawm lub network tswj los ntawm cov muab lub tuam txhab nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub luag hauj lwm nyob qhov twg. Yuav kom nws kos duab thiab yuav tsum tau mus nrhiav, sau cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog. Daim ntawv yuav tsum tau paub nyob rau hauv ua ntej.

Tom qab tau txais cov ntaub ntawv daim phiaj tuam txhab yuav npaj kev specifications rau lub zog mov ntawm private tsev. Feem ntau cov yuav, lawv yuav tau pom zoo nrog rau ntau yam lwm yam kev cov koom haum. Ntxiv mus, daim ntawv cog lus yog xaus lus. Tom qab lub network yog ntsia tau rau hauv qhov chaw xyuas los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub network lub koom haum thiab ua nws cov tshev mis ua raws kev cai nrog tus uas yuav tsum tau teem tawm nyob rau hauv cov kev specifications. Soj ntsuam yog nqa tawm nrog kev koom tes ntawm cov neeg muaj feem tag nrho. Tom ntej no Rostekhnadzor muab ib daim ntawv tso cai rau cov lag luam ntawm lub network.

ib leeg-kab daim duab

Yuav pib, cia peb kawm seb tau nruab nrab yog ib qho. Ib leeg-kab daim duab - qhov no yog, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, lub ntsiab cai tib yam, tab sis ua nyob rau hauv ib tug yooj yim daim ntawv no. Hais tias yog, tag nrho cov kab ua ib theem thiab peb-theem cim rau nws los ntawm ib tug kab. Xav paub specification nyob rau hauv xws schemes yog tsis tuaj kawm ntawv. Yog li ntawd, lawv yog compact thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm muab ib tug txaus lub tswv yim ntshiab ntawm raws nraim yuav ua li cas cov hluav taws xob khiav ib tug private tsev.

Muaj ib co kev cai rau kev npaj ntawm xws schemes, ntawm uas peb mam li tham ntxiv. lawv yog tsis heev nyuab, tab sis koj yuav tsum paub txog lawv. Txwv tsis pub, peb tes num yuav tsis tau txais.

Lub hom phiaj ntawm cov kev npaj thiab lub ntsiab uas yuav tsum tau yuam

Ib leeg-kab fais fab mov Circuit Court ntawm ib tug private lub tsev - nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov uas installation ua hauj lwm yog ua li cas. Nws yuav tsum muaj xws li hais tias:

• kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob khoom nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm hluav taws xob poob siab yog ensured.
• Twb guaranteed los ntawm qhov uas tsis muaj txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm hluav taws nyob rau hauv lub tsev raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm ib tug luv luv Circuit Court, yaj cov nyob ntawm tej, thiab hais txog. D.
• Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm lub tsev txij nkawm tus neeg nyob muaj twb tau mus seamlessly siv lawv tag nrho cov tsim nyog niaj hnub cov khoom siv loj.

Cov no yog cov yooj yim uas yuav tsum tau ntawm daim ntawv no uas yuav tsum tau.

Yuav ua li cas hom muaj nyob

Xws li ib tug yooj yim to taub fais fab mov Circuit Court ntawm ib tug private lub tsev yuav ua tau:

• Executive. Feem ntau cov feem ntau, qhov kev xaiv no yog twb mus txog thaum lub sij hawm lub lag luam ntawm lub chaw. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj xav tau kom muaj kev hloov mus rau lub tam sim no system los yog rau ib txhia yog vim li cas muaj ib tug yuav tsum tau muab cov lus qhia nyob rau hauv energosbytnuyu lub tuam txhab. Ua ntej yog nqus tau rau hauv Circuit Court kab nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog ib tsab nais maum kuaj visually.
• Clearing. Xws li ib tug tswvyim yog ua ua ntej installation ntawm lub cev, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev tshiab los yog ib tug ua tiav kev hloov ntawm cov laus thaiv. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm tau tag nrho cov tsim nyog suav (loads, cable ntoo khaub lig-sections, thiab hais txog. Etc.), raws li zoo raws li cov kev xaiv uas tsim nyog cov khoom (tiv thaiv pab kiag li lawm, thiab thiaj li nyob. Etc.).

Cov kev cai ntawm muab tso ua ke (cim)

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, nws yog twv linear private lub tsev hwj chim Circuit Court yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv raws li nrog tag nrho cov kev cai muab tso. Cov yav tas yog txiav txim GOST 2.702-75 thiab kev khiav hauj lwm txij li thaum xyoo 1988. Lawv qhia kom meej uas cim yuav tsum tau siv los sawv cev rau daim duab ntawm tej ntsiab ntawm lub tsev xov. Yuav kom tso saib ib tug peb-theem kev twb kev txuas xws txoj kev yuav tau mus thov:

• hla kab puag ncig los yog nyob ze ntawm lub tswv yim davhlau ya nyob twg "3",
• hla los ntawm peb slanted dashes txoj kab ncaj nraim.

Yuav kom qhia tau tias cov khoom siv, contactors, lub cev muaj zog starters, ntaub thaiv npog qhov hluav taws xob thiab m. G. Siv raws nraim tib yam cim raws li nyob rau hauv lwm yam electroschemes (GOST 2.709).

Yuav ua li cas yuav tsum yog tam sim no

Ib leeg-kab daim duab ntawm lub hwj chim mov ntawm private tsev tsis muaj Tsis yuav tsum muaj xws li cov nram qab no hais:

• elektromagistrali kev twb kev txuas taw tes;
• ntaug lub tswv yim ntaus ntawv thiab cov nyob tam sim no nyob rau kev twb kev txuas taw tes;
• hom ntawm cable, nws kav ntev npaum thiab tus ntoo khaub lig seem (mus txog ib 'meter');
• Poob ntawm voltage qhov tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv cov kab;
• kwv yees thiab lub sij hwj chim lub VRU, lawv cosφ thiab nyob tam sim no;
• hom kev tiv thaiv pab kiag li lawm thiab lawv nyob tam sim no;
• xam load;
• ciam teb tshuav nyiaj li cas;
• zoo ntawm txee ATS nrog ib tug hais txog ntawm nws cov hom kev lag luam;
• siv coj mus muag metering thiab tswj kiag li lawm.

Yuav ua li cas mus rau kos

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, tus Circuit Court yuav kos rau ntawm daim ntawv siv ib tug pas ntsuas thiab xaum. Txawm li cas los, niaj hnub no nws yog yooj yim ua rau ib tug computer los yog laptop. Muaj ntau ntau yam software uas tso cai rau lwm tus hauv tsev hwj chim Circuit Court yuav tsum tau ua sai sai thiab yooj yim. Tom qab nqus nws cia li luam tawm nyob rau hauv ib lub tshuab luam. Piv txwv li, qhov kev pab cuam "1, 2, 3 Circuit Court" no yog los ua ib tug ib leeg-kab daim duab ntawm ib tug mus, thiab Semiolog tso cai rau koj los mus tsim tag nrho cov tsim nyog ntawv. Download tau lub software los ntawm cov nom lub website, uas guarantees hauv lub qhaj ntawv ntawm "thoob khib nyiab" thiab cov kab mob. Installation thiab siv dawb xwb. "1, 2, 3 tswvyim", cov lwm yam, tso cai rau:

• nyob rau hauv raws li cov uas yuav tsum tau ntawm lub cev mus rau khaws cov hluav taws xob vaj huam sib luag;
• neeg ua hauj lwm nrog cov modular pab kiag li lawm;
• txhais tau ib tug hierarchy ntawm lub xeem kev twb kev txuas;
• tsim lub tiav lawm Circuit Court.

Lub database kev pab cuam tau tso cai zov lub khoom ntawm tsim nyog cov khoom.

muab xam los ntawm loads

Yog li, nyob rau hauv qhov kev npaj ntawm ib tug ib leeg-kab tsev hwj chim Circuit Court yuav tsum tau ua lub xam ntawm loads, voltage poob, los mus txiav txim rau lub peev xwm ntawm cov khoom thiab cov cable ntoo khaub lig-section. Yuav kom kawm tau li cas yuav ua rau nws, thiab peb yuav tham ntxiv lawm.

Thaj private lub tsev, fais fab mov uas yuav ua tau yog los ntawm ib tug ib leeg-theem los yog peb theem ntawm lub network, ntawm chav kawm, yuav muab nruab nrog ib tug ntau yam ntawm hluav taws xob khoom siv. Nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim los mus laij lub load rau ntawm cov kab, ntxiv txog lawv lub hwj chim thiab phua lub voltage. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, kom tau tus tsim nyog tam sim no. Paub nws, raws li tshwj xeeb ntxhuav, koj yuav txiav txim seb tus network yog tsis overloaded, thiab cov uas cable yog yuav tsum tau rau xov. Lub xam yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account tsis tau tsuas yog lub peev xwm ntawm uas twb muaj lawm hluav taws xob khoom siv, tab sis kuj npaj mus yuav nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej.

Rau ib txhia haib heev tsev khoom siv, piv txwv li, rau ib tug siv lub tshuab ntxuav, ib tug hluav taws xob qhov cub los yog boiler yog zoo tshaj plaws mus cuag ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib cable. Feem ntau ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib lub cev thiab nqa mus rau lub chaw ua hauj lwm cov khoom. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev siv nyob rau hauv lub chav nres tsheb los yog outbuildings tej kev cov khoom, raws li twb tau hais, nws siv ib tug peb-theem fais fab mov ntawm private tsev.

Yuav ua li cas xaiv ib tug cable network

Rau ib theem kev twb kev txuas yuav tsum tau hlau nrog peb conductors rau peb-theem, - feem, nrog tsib. Thaum lub sij hawm peb tes num kev loj hlob, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau xaiv ib tug haum cable ntoo khaub lig-seem (coj PUE). Qhov no qhia muaj nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb ntxhuav, nyob ntawm seb qhov tam sim no. Pre-xoo yuav tsum tau txoj kab uas hla ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib. Qhov no yog ua raws li cov mis d = k × kuv + 0,005. Qhov twg k - qhov zoo tshaj rau cov hlau xyuas pib. Piv txwv li, rau tooj liab nws yog sib npaug zos rau 0,034. Cov tsab ntawv Kuv yog tam sim no.

Muag nyob ntawm tej, siv ib tug ntsuas system yog tsis lub cheeb thiab tus ntoo khaub lig seem. Li no muaj yuav tsum ntxiv yuav tsum txiav txim raws nraim nws. Rau lub hom phiaj no yog ib tug formula S = 0,785 × D2.

Yam ua ntej suav yuav ua tau raws li nyob rau hauv lub fact tias ib square millimeter ntawm tooj liab hlau yuav muaj xws li ntawm 10 A, ib tug txhuas - 7 A. Nyob rau hauv kev xyaum nyob kheev siv hlau yog 2.5 hli ² thiab 1.5 mm rau teeb pom kev zoo ^2.

Xaiv ntawm lub inserter

Siv cov fais fab mov ntawm private tsev yog ua los ntawm thiaj li hu ua qhev. Lawv sawv cev rau ib tug hlau tsev nyob rau hauv uas yog tau koom ua ke pab kiag li lawm rau lub tsev tswj mains. Qauv khiav lag luam nrog rau lub tsev muaj nuj nqi, hu ua lub Verkhovna Rada. Tswv yim pab kiag li lawm mounted rau ib tug ncej los yog fais fab tuag lawm, los yog nyob ze ntawm lub tsev.

Thaum xaiv cov VRU nyob rau hauv ib tug ntiav tsev, hluav taws xob yog muaj kev ruaj ntseg thiab uninterrupted, nws yog tsim nyog los noj mus rau hauv tus account:

• Lub magnitude ntawm cov kab voltage. Los ntawm lub teb chaws lub tsev feem ntau yog ua kua nyob rau hauv kab 220 V.
• tam sim no zaus. Qhov no qhov thiab nws yog 50 Hz.
• Nruab nrab hom. Yog li ntawd-hu ua hom grounding. Nyob rau hauv lub private sector nws yog feem ntau nyob rau lub TN-C tswvyim. Nyob rau hauv no pes tsawg thiab cov av neeg xyuas pib nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg xyuas pib stretch. Qhov kev sib cais yog ua rau hauv lawv qhev.
• Paub meej ntawm lub luv luv-Circuit Court tam sim no. Cov hluav taws xob Circuit Court suav feem ntau coj mus rau hauv tus account luv luv-Circuit Court nyob rau hauv peb theem conductors energized. Suav yog ua raws li tshwj xeeb cov qauv.
• Ntsia muaj peev xwm.

Nyob rau hauv TN-C systems, thaum 220 V yog feem ntau yog siv ib zaug xwb-ncej Circuit Court breaker qhib, nrog 380 - tripolar. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thawj lub xam ntawm lub hwj chim tswv yim chav tsev yog xam los ntawm cov mis P I = P r / U f × cos f (qhov chaw uas f U - theem voltage, Pp - TDP, cos f -active / reactive hwj chim). Fais fab induction apparatus rau network 380 yog muab los ntawm tus Ip = Pp / (√3xUhx cos Q) (nyob rau Uh - voltage network).

Cov nyob tam sim no yuav tsum yog 10% ntau tshaj li qhov xam tus nqi. Yog li ntawd, zaum kawg tshwm sim yog muab los ntawm: Kuv p = kuv TR × 1,1.

shields AVR

Fais fab mov system ntawm ib tug private tsev feem ntau yog muaj xws li lub caij. ATS panels no yog tsim los muab backup hwj chim thaum lub sij hawm ib lub hwj chim tsis ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv qhov tseem ceeb. Ntxiv inputs ntawm cov pab kiag li lawm yuav tsum tau txuas mus rau ob qhov chaw ruaj network thiab cov generator. Muaj cov laug cam:

• Txij li thaum feem ntawm cov thawj cov tswv yim. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, thaum ib lub hwj chim tsis ua hauj lwm rau cov thawj cov tswv yim yeej keyboards rau standby. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov tam sim no cov txheej txheem yog ntxeev.
• Tsis tseem ceeb. Conversely thaum cov thawj cov tswv yim voltage zoo nkaus li rau nws, xws li yog tsis tau hloov. Qhov no txoj kev nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog tsim los ntawm txhais tes.
• Nrog partitioning. Nyob rau hauv xws li, lub hwj chim yog nkag ntawm tus tes hloov qhov system, mounted rau cov bushings. Yog hais tias lub hwj chim voltage rau tej yam ntawm lawv pib ua hauj lwm rau hauv lub thib peb hloov rau kev thov voltage deenergised tau txais kev pab nrog lub lag luam cov tswv yim.
• Nrog DSU. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, thaum voltage tsis ua hauj lwm generator sau ntawm ob inputs. Thaum lub ntsiab fais fab kho tshiab, lub system rov mus rau lub xeev pib. Fais fab mov ntawm private tsev siv xws xaiv yuav tsum yog uninterrupted nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub.

Txawv panels AVR, cov lwm yam, ua tau thiab tiav. Rau tam sim no 25-160 A siv dai qauv rau 160-400 A - pem teb. Cables yog cov tswv yim thiab tso zis los ntawm ib tug daug nyob rau hauv lub qab ntawm lub vaj tse. Kho vajtse yog mounted rau ib tug tshwj xeeb vaj huam sib luag hauv lub txee.

Cov kev cai ntawm hluav taws xob thaiv

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, lub hwj huam mov ntawm private tsev nrog lawv tus kheej txhais tes yuav tsum tau tsim los nrog tag nrho cov tsim nyog cov kev cai. Nws kev txhawj xeeb, thiab ib lub lag luam xws li cabling ntawm thaj chaw. Ncaj qha mus rau lub tsev xov yog muab los ntawm lub qhov nyob ntawm phab ntsa. Cov tsev cabling yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los mus rub rau hauv cov hlab kos nyob rau hauv lub phab ntsa thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no nws yuav tsum yooj yim los hloov tej hlau unserviceable yog tias tsim nyog. Txhua yeeb nkab yuav tsum tau sau cable tsis ntau tshaj 40%. Qhov no yuav kom yooj yim tshem tawm. Tsis tas li ntawd muab ntim rau xov tej zaum mounted rau tshem tawm ceilings los yog nro nrog cov phab ntsa clad nrog plasterboard rau tus ncej, thiab hais txog. D. Nws kuj siv ib lub hnab yas los yog hlau raj.

Lub sab hauv fais fab mov ntawm ib tug private lub tsev ua los ntawm cov ntoo yog tiav los ntawm xov qhib xov. Cables li ntev nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb raws ua los ntawm cov yas. Lub qhov siab ntawm lawv txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov phab ntsa yog tsis caag. Nyob rau hauv ib channel tsis tau ib txhij ncab teeb pom kev zoo, lub hwj chim thiab tsis muaj-voltage nyob ntawm tej. Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nyob qhov twg cov ceg thiab nyob rau hauv lub qhib thiab nyob rau hauv ib tug kaw system mounted thawv.