Formwork - yog ... Yuav ua li cas yuav ua rau lub formwork?

Formwork - ib tug qauv uas muaj ntau qhov chaw. Lawv ncaj lub hom phiaj - cov creation ntawm monolithic blocks. Yog li ntawd yog hais tias koj yuav los tsim kom tau ib lub tsev, hais tias ib feem ntawm lub hauv paus, uas yuav tsum tau saum toj no hauv pem teb, yuav tsum tau formwork. Cia peb kawm saib nws yog dab tsi, dab tsi yog qhov ntau hom thiab yuav ua li cas yuav ua rau high-zoo formwork rau lub hauv paus ntawm lawv tus kheej txhais tes. Ntseeg kuv, qhov no yuav tsum tau los mus daws txhua leej txhua tus uas yuav qhia vim kev mob siab.

Formwork thiab nws cov hom

Peb twb xam tau tawm hais tias rau lub hauv paus yog khoom thiab muaj ib tug tej yam ntxwv daim ntawv no, nws yog tsim nyog los tsim lub shuttering. Thiab tam sim no kuv xav hais tias txog nws views. Tam sim no, muaj tsuas yog ob tug: tshem thiab uas tsis yog-tshem. Ntau hom kev formwork systems yog, piv txwv li, lub tuam txhab "KRAMOS" - http://www.kramos.ru/opalubka/. Tsis hais txog ntawm lub hom formwork yuav tsum soj ntsuam ib tug ob peb yam yooj yim, tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm tseem ceeb heev teeb meem, Hmoob cov lawv - mus txais thiab tuav tus nplaim siab ntawm cov vaj tse, thaum tsis hloov nws zoo lawm. Inadmissible ndlwg ntawm qhob los ntawm cov qauv, tshaj tej ntawm, formwork yuav tsum tau sai sai thiab yooj yim lub tsev. Cia wb mus ze zog saib, nrog nws cov views thiab los mus txiav txim qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm txhua.

Taag thiab tshem formwork

Koj yuav saib tau los ntawm lub npe, hais tias tom qab mounting qauv yuav ib feem ntawm lub tsev hauv paus. Qhov no zoo ntawm formwork - ib tug qauv ua los ntawm seem cov ntaub ntawv. Lawv yog cov yooj yim thiab ceev ceev rau nruab. Raws li ib tug khoom siv chipboard, fiberboard los yog nws yog xim hlau ncej. Nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, nws yuav ua rau kev txiav txim zoo rau siv styrofoam. Peb mam li tham txog ib tug me ntsis rau yav tom ntej. Muaj zoo xws li cov kev daws teeb meem, piv txwv li, lub pier foundation ntawm hlau los yog asbestos kav. Lawv txoj kab uas hla yog nyob rau hauv ntau 150-200 millimeters. Cov cuab kom zoo dua yog durability. Qhov no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj tseeb nyob rau hauv tus neeg mob thaum uas siv pier foundation thiab qhob-slab. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, xws formwork - yog cov tsis muaj ntxiv av tej hauj lwm, raws li zoo raws li qhov yuav tsum tau rau nruab koom haum pab bearings thiab taub txuas. Raws li rau tshem lug, ces muaj yog tsis muaj dab tsi tshwj xeeb los tham txog. Tom qab pouring lub hauv paus thiab txoj kev ua formwork yog rhuav, thiab lub rooj tsavxwm lossis plywood tej zaum yuav siv nyob rau hauv lwm yam ntaub ntawv.

Hlau lug: zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo

Ib tug ntawm feem ntau kim ntaub ntawv uas tej zaum yuav siv tau rau ua cov formwork yog hlau. Nws siv los xij ntawm ob peb millimeters nyob rau hauv thickness feem ntau, uas yog txaus los tiv rog ntawm lub hauv paus. Cia li xav hais tias txog lub merits ntawm xws li ib tug kev txiav txim siab. Ua ntej, nws yog ib lub peev xwm khoov lub steel ntawv raws li koj xav. Vim qhov no nws yog tau mus kho rau cov kev kawm zoo ntawm lub hauv paus. Secondly, qhov no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws waterproofing, uas tsuas koj yuav tau xav seb rau koj lub hauv paus. Ib qho tseem ceeb point - nws yog ua tau rau weld lub hauv paus qhov cuab lub zog rau hauv tus ncej. Los ntawm no ob peb zaug tsub kom lub yam ntxwv zog. Tab sis koj yuav tau siv ib tug khoom los yog sawb foundation. Raws li rau cov disadvantages, nws tsuas yog ib tug - cov nqi.

Taag timbering los ntawm txhab polystyrene thiab qhob khoom

Tshaj plaws uas kuv yuav hais txog cov pob zeb ua cov khoom. Qhov kev txiav txim yog ib tug me ntsis cheaper dua cov kev siv ntawm steel los xij, tab sis tus nqi yog tsis raws li qhob slabs thiab me me, yog li tus nqi yuav tsum tau xav. Txawm li cas los, vim rau qhov tseem ntawm kev hloov lub thickness ntawm lub pob zeb ua, koj yuav txo tau lub tau ntawm qhob nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus, yog li ntawd, tseg tau ib tug me ntsis. Tiam sis ntawm no qhov teeb meem yog li no: Ua ntej, cov phiaj yog hnyav heev, thiab tib ob, nws yog tsim nyog los siv ntxiv taub txuas raws li khoom uas tsis tau monolithic. Raws li rau ib tug cov ntaub ntawv uas xws li polystyrene, nws yog siv raws li ib tug formwork yog tsis yog li ntawd ntev dhau los, tab sis twb tau zoo chaw vim nws practicality. Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua cov lus dag nyob rau hauv lub simplicity ntawm los ua ke. Blocks heev tsuas txuas mus rau lub fixture, thiab nruab nrab ntawm lawv tuav vim hlau zawm hniav. Xws li ib tug tov yog zoo vim hais tias, ua tsaug rau lub cim tsim ntawm monolithic blocks, lub hauv paus yog tau tsis tsuas txig tiaj tus, tab sis kuj zoo (zoo thermal rwb thaiv tsev thiab waterproofing).

Uas siv ib tug sawb foundation?

Sawb foundation kom txog rau thaum hnub no yog pom tias yog ib lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws txoj kev uas muab ib lub hauv paus rau yav tom ntej lub tsev. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm no yog tej yam yooj yim. Muaj xuab zeb hnab, nws yog lawm ua tus sau nrog npaj Screed thiab tsim ib tug lub moj khaum ntawm qhov cuab lub zog. Tsuas yog tom qab no yog ua li cas pouring lub pob zeb. Tab sis dab tsi yog qhov zoo uas yuav tau siv cov formwork? Muaj yuav haum yuav luag txhua cov tshuaj, piv txwv li, qhov kev siv ntawm polystyrene ua npuas ncauj, hlau, ua vaj tse, thiab hais txog. N. Nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, nws yog ua tau tsis txhob siv dab tsi, koj tsuas muaj mus khawb ib trench. Tab sis nws yog ntseeg tau tsis pom zoo kom ua li ntawd, raws li tau zoo raws li tau txim, feem ntau unpredictable. Raws li statistics, feem ntau banded ntoo formwork. Qhov no yog kev lom zem ntau vim cov uas tsis muaj nqi ntawm nws cov ntau lawm, thiab installation nws tus kheej yog heev ceev ceev.

Classic ntoo formwork

Txawm tias muaj tseeb tias niaj hnub no muaj ntau ntau cov tshiab thiab cim nyob rau hauv nws cov kev yam ntxwv, cov ntaub ntawv, feem ntau nyiam cov ntoo lug. Qhov no yog vim muaj ntau yam tseem ceeb. Firstly, nws yog tus nqe. Niaj hnub no muaj ib lub sij hawm coj tus formwork koj qev los, thiab ib lub hlis rov qab los. Tab sis txawm hais tias koj cia li yuav lub rooj tsavxwm, nws yog tsis zoo li hais tias koj yuav poob, vim hais tias koj muaj peev xwm siv lawv nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej. Piv txwv li, koj muaj peev xwm muab ib tug hauv pem teb nyob rau hauv tib lub tsev. Ib qho tseem ceeb parameter, vim hais tias ntawm cov uas yog muab nyiam rau qhov no cov ntaub ntawv uas - practicality. Yog hais tias qhov chaw ib yam dab tsi nrog los yog, conversely, tsis muaj txaus rau lub khoom, nws yog ib qho yooj yim kom daws tau nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tug pom los yog ib tug rauj tes. Piv txwv li, plywood formwork siv nyob rau hauv ceilings. Nws tsis yog tsuas yog pheej yig tab sis kuj heev txhim khu kev qha.

Ua lawv tus kheej txhais tes formwork

Tag nrho tej hauj lwm muaj nyob rau hauv ob peb ua sawv. Peb pib nrog tus thawj heev. Peb yuav tsum tau ua tag nrho cov av ua hauj lwm. Tom qab xam ntxwv loads cia rau ua lag ua luam. Nws yog pom zoo kom tawm txog 1-2 cm ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub formwork thiab lub hauv paus. Nws yog tsim nyog rau yooj yim installation. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, lub tsis muaj dabtsis yog lawm ua tus sau nrog lub ntiaj teb. Lub trench yuav tsum tau them nrog xuab zeb (xuab zeb cushion). Ces muaj ib tug qhob Screed, uas yog tsim nyog los txo cov tsis khoom thaum lub sij hawm casting. Yog hais tias koj npaj yuav tsim lub cuab lub zog rods, ces lawv yuav tsum tau uas tau tsav mus rau hauv lub hauv av nyob rau ntawm no theem. Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob theem peb yuav txhim tsa formwork. Yuav pib customize tag nrho cov khoom, thiab xwb ces mus ncaj qha mus rau qhov kev siv.

Npav, ntxiv dag zog rau thiab installation

Ua ntej, koj yuav tsum tau ua layout. Tom qab ntawd, qhov twg yuav tsum muaj cov ces kaum Formwork hammering me me pegs (ntoo). Lawv yuav tsum mus ncaj qha mus txhawb qauv. Ces, rau ib tug pre-payment qhov ntev, phim cov laug cam. Ntawm no monolithic formwork yog ntau preferable vim nws yog yooj yim rau nruab vim tsim nta. Tiv thaiv nrog rau tes, screws thiab screws txuas mus rau ceg txheem ntseeg. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, tsim nyob rau hauv tus ncej. Tab sis hais tias yog tsis yog txhua txhua. Thaum txiav txim siab ntev lub formwork los yog loj tagnrho cov nchuav qhob yog tsim nyog los ntxiv dag zog rau cov qauv. Qhov no yog ua los ntawm txoj kev spacers, uas yog teev nyob rau hauv increments ntawm 70-90 centimeters. Yog lwm cov tshuaj: rub lub siv studs, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub txuas ntxiv siv cov ntaub thaiv npog nyob rau hauv kev khwv nyiaj txiag yuav tsis yooj yim, raws li yuav lub qhov nyob rau hauv lub laug cam. Thaum lub sij hawm lub installation koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas tus ntsug qauv, uas koj yuav tau siv lub tsev theem. Tag nrho cov slots tau thaj. Ua li no, haum yuav luag txhua txhais tau tias muaj. Yog hais tias qhov kev ncua deb nruab nrab ntawm ob formwork hais yuav tsum tau ntau tshaj 4 mm, nws yog cuab kev ua vaj tse to.

Yuav ua li cas ua tau ib tug xam?

Ua ntej shuttering tsev yuav tsum tau ua, nws yuav tsum tau xam. Qhov no yog ua li cas los mus txiav txim lub tseem ceeb heev tsis. Raws li ib qho piv txwv, xav txog cov feem ntau zoo tib yam ntoo formwork. Yog li, lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib muaj ib tug txheej txheem ntev ntawm 6 meters, ib tug tuab ntawm 25 millimeters thiab ib tug dav ntawm 100-150 hli. Ntawm lub perimeter ntawm lub hauv paus yuav tsum tau muab faib los ntawm 6, uas yog qhov ntev ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm, thiab qhov siab - mus rau lub dav. Cov kev tshwm sim tau yuav tsum tau khoo thiab koj npaj txhij tooj. Nyob rau nruab nrab, ib cubic Meter yuav siv sij hawm txog 42 rau 100 mm dav board. Raws li nyob rau hauv no, nws yuav tau siv txog 5-6 txhiab rubles ib cu. Rau tag nrho cov no yuav tsum tau ntxiv, thiab tus nqi ntawm lub struts thiab beams rau cov yam ntxwv qhov cuab lub zog. Tag nrho ua ke yuav raug nqi txog 10 txhiab rubles. Piv txwv li, tas mus li formwork los ntawm txhab polystyrene yuav tsum tau xam tshwj xeeb. Ntawm no tsi yog coj ntawm lub hauv paus txoj kev npaj. Yog hais tias muaj ntau ntau yam complex qhov chaw, tus nqi yuav kwv yees li tib yam li thaum muas steel los xij. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub foregoing, nws yog tsim nyog tsis txhob hnov qab mus rau hauv tus account tus nqi ntawm consumables: tes, screws, fittings, spacers, etc.

Koj yuav tsum tau ib tug sib npaug zoo? tsis yog ib tug teeb meem

Nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, tsis muaj pub muab kwv yees tsuas muaj peev xwm tsis ua li cas, thiab qhov no yog ib qho cuab qhov tseeb. Lub nws yog xim hlau ntaub thaiv npog los yog neinventarnaya txiag ntoo yuav siv tau raws li cov khoom. Yog hais tias koj xav kom lawv muaj ib tug colony, peb thawj zaug yuav tsum los ua ib tug T-puab ntawm lub mounting nkhaus. Tsis txhob hnov qab mus ntswj kom nruj rau lawv ua ke. Tab sis txhua yam yog ntau npaum li cas nyuab hais tias koj xav tau yog tsis square thiab hloov puab. Ntawm no nws yog zoo dua siv lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib. Koj yuav tsum ntaus lawv nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lub thoob. Lub fact tias cov kem formwork rau mas siab txog load, li ntawd nws yog pom zoo kom ua taag Siv. Ua li no, tom qab txhua txhua 50-80 centimeters yuav tsum tau siv ties thiab pegs kom ntxiv dag zog. Nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, nws yuav ua rau kev txiav txim zoo mus nrhiav ib tug npaj txhij-ua ncej. Yog hais tias koj muaj hmoo, koj yuav nrhiav tau ib tug haum lub cheeb thiab yuav zoo txuag tsis tsuas cov nyiaj tab sis kuj koj qab haus huv.

Yuav ua li cas lwm cov ntaub ntawv yog tsim?

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, nws yuav siv tau tsis tsuas cov board, tab sis nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub no yog lub tsuas yog kev txiav txim siab. Yog hais tias koj xav mus txhim tsa formwork me ntsis lub zog, tab sis ib tug sib npaug zoo, siv cov yas. Tshuaj zoo meej rau cov kev siv ntawm pavilions, tab sis tsis muaj ntau. Khoom zoo lawm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog hais tias nws yog ib tug me ntsis ntawm tshav kub. Tab sis, ces dua, ces tus yam tsawg kawg nkaus lub zog. Piv txwv li, rau plywood formwork - nws tseem yog ib tug zoo tshuaj, tab sis nws yog zoo yog hais tias nws ntxiv lawm yuav ntxiv zog rau lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib. Nws lub zog yog me ntsis ntau tshaj li uas ntawm yas, tab sis tseem loj lub hom phiaj, qhov no tsis yog lub tshuaj zoo tshaj. Raws li rau lub hlau los xij, lawv muaj peev xwm yuav siv tau yuav luag nyob qhov twg. Tab sis nws yuav ua rau me ntsis kev txiav txim zoo shuttering ntawm hlau ceilings. Thauj khoom no yog me me, thiab tus nqi ntawm lub hauv paus, ib yam nkaus thiab. Tab sis cov nqi ntawm daim ntawv kaj siab surprise koj. Yog hais tias peb coj tus hlau los xij thiab siv lawv rau txhua los yog qhov twg ib tug heev check cov ntaub ntawv uas yog yuav tsum tau.

Ib txhia tseem ceeb cov ntsiab lus

Ntawm no yog peb yog nrog koj, thiab ntsia li cas los ua lub formwork, raws li zoo raws li cov ntaub ntawv yog cov zoo dua suited rau cov realization ntawm ib tug lub hom phiaj. Raws li koj tau pom, muaj yog tsis muaj big deal, feem ntau cov tseem ceeb - nws yog ua raws li ib tug ob peb tseem ceeb cai. Firstly, nws yog tsim nyog los them txaus mloog mus rau lub tsim lub dag lub zog, thiab tib ob, peb yuav tsis nco qab txog lub ntsug qauv, txij li thaum nws yog ib yam uas tseem ceeb heev. Piv txwv li, thaum uas tsim ib kem formwork rau cov kev siv tau muab ntau tiaj tus, nws yuav ua rau kev txiav txim zoo mus khawb ib tug me ntsis rau hauv lub hauv av ntawm lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib. Yog li ntawd koj yuav ntxiv zog thiab tsis txhob skewing thaum lub sij hawm lub pouring ntawm qhob. Yog hais tias koj tsis ua hauj lwm nrog rau lwm cov phab ntsa, nws tsis yog tsim nyog los siv hlau los xij, nws yog ib tsab irrational. Feem ntau cov feem ntau Formwork tsim los ntawm plywood los yog cov laug cam, nws yog tiag tiag pab thiab tsim nyog.

xaus

Tam sim no uas koj paub tias dab tsi lub formwork. Qhov no yog ib yam dab tsi tsis muaj uas nws yog tsis muaj lub tsev siv cov nqi. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias muaj yog ib tug loj loj xaiv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, cov kev siv ntawm cov hauv paus ntsiab lus tseem zoo li qub.

Zoo, tus ntawd yog tag nrho cov uas yuav hais txog yuav ua li cas ua lub formwork nrog lawv ob txhais tes los ntawm ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Yog hais tias koj yeej yuav tau mus nyob hauv lub tsev no, yuav ceev faj rau tag nrho cov theem. Koj yeej tsis xav ces mus rau "txaus siab" rau qhov nkhaus thiab ntub cov phab ntsa los yog fab vim tias twb tsis muaj kev hwm rau Verticality, los yog cov tsis ncaj ncees lawm ntaub ntawv uas twb siv.