Fort Krasnaya Gorka: keeb kwm, maps, kab kos, duab, tours, yuav ua li cas tau mus rau lub tsev khaws puav pheej

Fort Krasnaya Gorka - defensive qauv nyob rau lub shores ntawm lub Gulf ntawm Finland, uas yog ntau tshaj li 100 xyoo. Thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm no, ib tug fortress nyob rau hauv lub Lomonosov koog tsev kawm ntawv ntawm cov Leningrad cheeb tsam tau sawv nyob rau hauv plaub kev tsov kev rog, tab sis txij li thaum 1960 tau ceased mus siv tau raws li qhov cuab lub zog rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub hiav txwv Saint-Petersburg los ntawm hiav txwv. Cov neeg koom ntawm cov tub rog keeb kwm lub sawm fem, tsev cia puav pheej neeg ua hauj lwm tsim nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub fort memorial. Koj muaj peev xwm coj ib tug fascinating ncig ntawm qhov chaw, ntaus ntshai nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws invaders.

Sij hawm ntawm ib defensive qauv

Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem kom ntxiv dag zog rau lub Kronstadt fortress ob forts tau tsa - Eno thiab liab Hill - vaj tse tsim kom tsis txhob nco cov yeeb ncuab fleet rau St. Petersburg. Pib ntawm kev tsim kho yog sau hnub tim 1909, thiab nws kawg - 1915. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws Lavxias teb sab naval kws txawj koom nyob rau hauv lub tsim thiab saib xyuas cov kev siv ntawm tus fort. Lub npe tuaj los ntawm nws tus kheej, raws li nws yog txais nyob rau hauv lub npe - los ntawm lub npe rau qhov ze lub zos.

Yog li ntawd ib tug tshiab defensive cheeb tsam - Fort Krasnaya Gorka. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo, nws hu ua Alekseevskii Krasnoflotskaya thiab nws los ua ib tug muaj zog tiv thaiv chaw nyob rau yav qab teb ntug dej ntawm lub Gulf raws li ib feem ntawm lub fortress ntawm Kronstadt. Artillery roj teeb yog securely tiv thaiv St. Petersburg los ntawm cia li tso cai thiab cov yeeb ncuab nres. Tsuas yog ib zaug hauv lub British tej nkoj nquam rov Lavxias teb sab ships stationed nyob rau hauv txoj kev (1918).

Daim ntawv qhia txog cov Gulf of Finland, uas cim lub zos thiab fort, muab ib lub tswv yim ntawm qhov chaw ntawm tus tiv thaiv tus qauv. Nws garrison twb manned nyob rau hauv xyoo 1914 thiab totaled 4.5 txhiab. Cov tub rog (Gunners, Marines, sailors).

Lub hiav txwv fortress nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb ua ntej thiab lub Civil War

Fort Krasnaya Gorka kom txog rau thaum 1919 tsis koom nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus los ua hauj lwm. Tab sis qhov teeb meem no nyob ib ncig ntawm lub "menyuam txaj ntawm lub kiv puag ncig" - Petrograd - twb ua ntau txaus ntshai zuj troops Yudenich. Nyob rau hauv 1918, lub fort twb mined, nws tau tsis tau txais mus rau tus yeeb ncuab, tab sis lub tshuab tsis muaj ib txoj hauj lwm. Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo, thiab tom qab ntawd peb garrison qhib hluav taws ntawm cov yeeb ncuab nyob rau hauv teb chaws thiab nyob rau hauv lub Gulf ntawm Finland. Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov ntawm 1919 pib anti-Bolshevik uprising ntawm sailors uas tau suppressed qhov hluav taws kub ships ntawm lub Baltic Fleet.

Fort Krasnaya Gorka thaum lub sij hawm belofinskoy thiab cov poj Patriotic ua tsov ua rog

Red Army 30 Kaum ib hlis 1939 launched ib lub lag luam mus ua txhaum los ntawm ib tug zoo-fortified thiab suav hais tias nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm impregnable kws muaj txuj ci nyob rau hauv Finland - "Mannerheim kab". Lub roj teeb ntawm lub fort raug rho tawm haujlwm rau lub Finnish txaus qhia, tab sis tsis rau ntev. Ntau txoj dejnum uas ua yog fortification nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm kev tiv thaiv Oranienbaum bridgehead los ntawm Nazi pab tub rog. Nws yog ib tug ntawm cov feem ntau nyuaj lub sij hawm ntawm lub Great Patriotic ua tsov ua rog. Lub garrison ntawm lub fort yuav tsis cia cov Nazis los ze zog tshaj qhov lawv yuav tau txais artillery rounds.

Ob xyoo tom qab lub Great yeej ntawm 1945 ntawm cov phom raug xa los melted down, thiab nyob rau hauv 1975 muaj ib tug memorial kos npe rau rau ntawm ib lub roj teeb. Tom qab lub cev qhuav dej ntawm lub Soviet Union muaj tsis muaj ib los tiv thaiv cov marine fortress ntawm qhov seem uas riam phom no yog prey "zoov rau hlau." Tub rog historians tau sim kom Fort Krasnaya Gorka. Cov duab tsis ntev los no xyoo - nws yog ib tug nyuaj siab hu, hu tseg lub monument ntawm kev puas tsuaj thiab oblivion.

Tsim memorial

Point tub rog historians cov ntaub ntawv kom paub tseeb tias ib tug 60 m ² Thaj tsam ntawm lub fort muaj yog ib tug granite stele, ntsia tau rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm tus kwvtij ntawd faus cov neeg tuag sailors nrog peb ncuab, uas tau sunk rau hauv lub le caag rau Kronstadt. Muaj plaques nrog lub npe ntawm cov neeg tua thiab faus rau hauv lub qhov ntxa. Nyob rau hauv 1974-1975 rau lub 30 hnub tseem ceeb ntawm yeej nyob rau hauv Great Patriotic ua tsov ua rog fwm vaj tse ntawm cov fort peb tau txiav txim siab los muab tso rau hauv kev txiav txim, ua uas nws kim heev kev siv ntawm lub monument rau cov tub rog-patriotic kev kawm ntawv. Yog ib tug txiav txim txoj kev npaj los tsim ib tug monument nyob rau hauv lub fort "Hiav txwv hwjchim ci ntsa iab" thiab ib tug ceg ntawm lub naval tsev cia puav pheej, sawv nyob rau hauv lub luag hauj lwm ntawm nqaum artillery nyob rau hauv lub tiv thaiv ntawm Leningrad thiab Oranienbaum bridgehead.

Nws muab rau qhov kev siv ntawm chaw nres tsheb rau ncig saib cov tsheb npav, taug, saib qhov chaw, tsev khaws puav pheej qhib-cua cheeb tsam. Memorial twb officially qhib May 9, 1975, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov xyoo tsis tau muab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub npe rau lub teb chaws zajlus thiab cov passport ntawm cov tub rog-keeb kwm kwv. Tom qab 1990, lub xeev hloov lub socio-thoj system thiab qhov kev tsimnyog ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas them nyiaj yug rau lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm lub memorial complex mas. Nws lub teb chaws twb rhuav phom, tab sis ua tsaug rau enthusiasts rua cov monument.

Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm lub legendary Fort

Yuav luag 100 xyoo tom qab pib ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm rab phom emplacements sailors thov mus rau lub zog tub ceev xwm ntawm lub Lomonosov koog tsev kawm ntawv ntawm cov Leningrad cheeb tsam nrog ib tug kev thov los ntawm lub memorial complex thiab tsev cia puav pheej "Fort Krasnaya Gorka." Legendary hiav txwv fortress uas muaj kev tiv thaiv St. Petersburg, yuav tsum tau fwm thiab qhib rau kev soj ntsuam. Pab mus rau qhov zoo tshuaj ntawm cov nqe lus nug ntawm perpetuating lub cim xeeb ntawm cov kev txaus siab ntawm tourists rau tus kwv rau ntawm ntug dej ntawm lub Gulf ntawm Finland. Nws resumed tus ua hauj lwm ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej thiab nws cov exposition Iwj khoom pib thiab nruab nrab ntawm lub XX xyoo pua, nyob rau hauv lub qhov tsua ntawm lub hiav txwv fortress. Lawv muab tso rau hauv ib tug qub warehouse thiab infantry Cross.

Yuav ua li cas mus tau rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub fort

Nyob rau mus xyuas ntawm lub chaw uas zoo heev nws yog tsim nyog los pom zoo nyob rau hauv ua ntej rau cov ncig saib, nrog nrog cov coj noj coj ntawm cov tub rog-keeb kwm lub koom haum "Fort Krasnaya Gorka." Yuav ua li cas kom tau kiag ib tug tub rog historian thiab ncig xyuas phau ntawv no, cov neeg hauv zos thiab lub caij ntuj sov qhua, uas nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov feem ntau mus nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm "Swan Lake Fort Krasnaya Gorka." Daim ntawv qhia ntawm lub cheeb tsam yuav tsum tau cov neeg ncig chaw uas yuav mus los ntawm lub tsheb npav raws li qhov lawv "Lomonosov-liab Hill", los yog siv lub tsheb ciav hlau "Saint Petersburg-Krasnoflotsk", uas ncaim ntawm cov Baltic chaw nres tsheb, lub sab qaum teb capital. Los ntawm tsheb mus rau lub fort yuav hu tau los ntawm lub Swan Lake.

Mus kawm rau Fort siv sightseeing lub Leningrad cheeb tsam thiab St. Petersburg chaw ua hauj lwm. Tsev khaws puav pheej thiab memorial tsam npog thaj 20 hectares. Excursion rau Fort kav 8-9 teev. Mus xyuas lub memorial complex thiab tsev cia puav pheej Them (800-1000 rubles). Koj yuav tsum tau muaj ib lub teeb khoo rau tshawb xyuas lub underground chaw.

Lub ntsiab sights yog cov tsev khaws puav pheej thiab memorial complex "Fort Krasnaya Gorka":

• qhob txoj hauj lwm thiab lub roj teeb;
• ib tug monument rau cov neeg tsav nkoj thiab Gunners;
• remnants ntawm cov roj teeb thiab casemates;
• Artillery rail conveyors;
• Fort Tsev khaws puav pheej.

Fort Krasnaya Gorka (Leningrad cheeb tsam). Txoj hmoo ntawm lub monument

Cov thawj tswv yim ntawm kev mus saib xyuas qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm lub Gulf ntawm Finland nyob rau hauv lub Lomonosov koog tsev kawm ntawv yog oppressive. Cov nyom thiab tus ntoo pom qhob slabs coated nrog mosses thiab Lichens. Bunkers thiab ntsia overgrown nrog fab. Kiv cua ntawm "Stalker" los ntawm Strugatsky cov kwv tij tej zaum yuav zoo li ntawd no muaj yog tib yam "zoo". Qhob khib nyiab nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov - nws ib co kua nplaum tawg mos txwv nyob rau hauv 1918.

Raws li historians, nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws tsis tau muab tshem tawm lub zoo li, tsis neutralized mines nteg kom deb li deb rov qab raws li lub Civil War. Nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm ntxiv demining, uas yog kev engineers. Tsev khaws puav pheej cov neeg ua haujlwm cia siab hais tias tom qab kawm tiav ntawm tus nyob ntawm tourists nyob rau hauv lub fort yuav kev ruaj ntseg, thiab cov tsev khaws puav pheej yuav ntxiv tshiab artifacts pom los ntawm sappers.