Yam khoom noj tau thiab inedible nceb: lub faib ntawm lub zaub mov muaj nqis

Nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws muaj ntau ntau hom ntawm fungi, ib co kev uas muaj ntau tus neeg yeej tsis txawm hnov txog. Tab sis tus kiv cua ntawm "nyob ntsiag to mus yos hav zoov" mus yos hav zoov yuav tsum tau ceev faj, vim hais tias ntawm cov loj tus naj npawb ntawm hom, ntau - inedible thiab lom nceb. Lawv faib tau ua raws li tus qauv, raws li tau zoo raws li tus nqi noj haus. Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm peb systematize lub nceb, raws li lawv kev noj haus thiab saj zog.

kev faib ntawm fungi

Tag nrho cov nceb noj haus zog yuav tsum tau muab faib mus rau hauv peb lub ntsiab pawg: siav, conditionally edible thiab inedible (lom).

Yam khoom noj tau nceb, nyob ntawm seb dab tsi tsw lawv muaj raug muab faib ua 4 pawg tsis tau. Lwm yam siav yuav muaj teeb meem tshuaj, tab sis lawv siv yog tsis txwv tsis pub los ntawm ua noj ua haus tom qab tshwj xeeb kev kho mob (soaking, ua noj ua haus). A lom nceb yuav tsum tsis txhob noj tag nrho.

siav nceb

Cov kev faib ntawm no hom yog muab faib ua 4 pawg:

- Ua ntej no - fungi uas paub txog lawv cov tsw thiab tsis yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb kev kho mob. Qhov no, ntawm chav kawm, dawb pwm, tiag tiag mis nyuj mushroom thiab saffron.

- Qhov thib ob qeb - lub nceb kuj qab, muaj ib tug tsw qab, tab sis ua tsis tau zoo nyob rau hauv saj thiab kev noj haus raws li ib tug piv txwv ntawm cov thawj qeb. Nws muaj xws li butter nceb, Agaricus campestris, boletus, volnushki, boletus, daj Aspen nceb.

- Qhov thib peb qeb feem ntau yog muaj xws li nceb uas muaj qhov nruab nrab saj zog, thiab sau rau lawv xwb nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm thaum tsis yog ib tug neeg txawv nqi txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov thawj los yog ob qeb. Nws muaj xws li dub nceb, Mokhovikov, chanterelles, morels, tej yam syroezhek.

- Qhov thib plaub qeb - nceb muaj siab tsw indices, sau rau lawv xwb amateurs. Qhov no muaj xws li qeb ntawm cov nyom thiab qub kev kwv yees ntawm qhov chaw, rogatiki, Polypore, oyster, dung.

Conditionally siav nceb

Classification yog hais tias qhov no pab pawg neeg no muaj xws li txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas muaj teeb meem thiab iab tshuaj. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tej zaum lawv yuav muaj ib tug unpleasant saj los yog tsw. Siv lawv rau zaub mov tsuas yog tom qab tshwj xeeb kev kho mob, boiling, soaking nrog dej hloov, tshem boiling broth. Qhov no pab pawg neeg no muaj xws li volnushki, morels, dub agaric, kab, thiab ib co svinushki syroezhek uas muaj kawg. Piv txwv li, russula thiab morels yuav tsum tau hau rau tsib feeb, ces ntws lub broth thiab nceb tua, kib los yog ntxiv rau kua zaub.

lom nceb

Classification ntawm poisonous nceb nyob rau hauv mechanism ntawm qhov kev txiav txim thiab cov neeg kawm ntawv ntawm kev qaug tshuaj lom nram qab no:

• Cov thawj pab pawg neeg no muaj xws li cov fungi uas ua rau lub zos lom. Piv txwv li, lawv yuav ua tau kom teeb nyob rau hauv lub digestive system. Lawv txiav txim pib nyob rau hauv hais txog ib teev, thiab cov teebmeem ntawm kev qaug tshuaj lom muaj peev xwm tshwm sim li ob lub lis piam. Yog hais tias tus neeg mob yog loj tsis muaj zog txaus, tej zaum nws yuav ua rau tuag. Qhov no pab pawg neeg tej zaum yuav tsum tau ntaus nqi cuav raincoat, tej yam syroezhek, tricholoma pardinum li al.
• Qhov thib ob pab pawg neeg no muaj xws li nceb uas muaj feem xyuam rau cov tib neeg lub paj hlwb. Cov thawj cov cim qhia ntawm kev qaug tshuaj lom tej zaum yuav qhia nyob rau hauv ib nrab ib teev. Tej zaum ua rau hallucinations, bouts quaj los yog luag, mob ntawm lub digestive system, raws li zoo raws li tsis nco qab. Tej fungi xws li agaric, Govorushko, blewits li al.
• Qhov thib peb pab pawg neeg - nws tus nceb noj nrog rau plazmotoksicheskim cawv rau tib neeg lub cev. Lawv co toxins pib muaj lawv cov nyhuv tom qab peb caug feeb, tab sis cov tsos mob ntawm lom tej zaum yuav tsuas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub thib ob hnub. Txawm hais tias lub sij hawm rau noj tag nrho cov tsim nyog ntsuas rau cov kev kho mob, kev tuag tshwm sim nyob rau hauv hais txog 30% ntawm cov neeg. Qhov no pab pawg neeg no muaj xws li daj ntseg grebe, tsw thiab caij nplooj ntoos hlav amanita, inocybe, tsib pwm.

Ib suam ntawm siav nceb yog qho tseem ceeb heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog ib tug neeg ib tug beginner nyob rau hauv no ua lag ua luam.