Gamma-interferon: lub luag hauj lwm thiab tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev

Yuav kom tiv thaiv cov tib neeg lub cev los ntawm cov puas tsuaj ntawm pathogens - kab mob, yog ib tug mechanism nyob rau hauv lub cev, muab tswj ntawm kis kab mob. Nws yog ib tug ntau lawm hlwb, xws li T-lymphocytes tej tshuaj, yog ib tus uas yog gamma-interferon. Txoj kev nyob rau hauv lub cev, cov kev twb kev txuas ua raws li ib tug cellular tiv thaiv. Yog vim li cas yog nws thiaj li tseem ceeb raws li cov duab, thiab nyob rau dab tsi hauv paus yuav lub meej mom ntawm peb lub cev - cov lus nug no yuav tsum teb nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm.

Cov tshuaj qauv thiab tau txais

Lub hauv paus ntawm lub substance - ib tug glycoprotein - txog peptide carbohydrate. Biochemists faib ob hom differing amino acid muaj pes tsawg leeg 139 thiab cov thawj monomer nyob rau hauv lub polypeptide saw. Lawv hu ua gamma-interferon 1a thiab 2a. Qhov nruab nrab molecular ceeb thawj los ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm 20 - 25 kDa. Tsim nyob rau hauv teb mus rau lub allergic ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg thiab hlwb ntawm ib tug neeg sawv cev pathogenic sawv cev tus kab mob hais. Nyob rau hauv vitro tshuaj tau los ntawm biotechnology thiab kev tshuaj ntsuam genetic engineering siv kab mob kab mob los ntawm Escherichia coli, ib tug plasmid uas muaj cov noob rau tib neeg interferon. Qhov no gamma-interferon hu ua kev siv nws yog ib feem ntawm cov kev npaj: "Immuneron" "Ingaron" "Immunnomaks".

Lub mechanism ntawm lub cev cov lus teb

Cov tsos ntawm lub cev alien virulent pathogens yog ib txwm nrog los ntawm ib tug system ntawm kev tiv thaiv dab, yog ib tus uas yog o. Nws ua hauj lwm pab raws li ib tug marker, taw pib ntawm ob tus kab mob no thiab cov lus teb cell lo lus teb rau antigens ntawm lub pathogen. Muaj yog ib txoj kev sis raug zoo ntawm cov ntsiab ntawm cov kab mob cov ntaub so ntswg los yog hloov khoom nruab nrog. Nws yog raws li nyob rau hauv tshuaj ua los ntawm lub hlwb ntawm lub lymphoid cov ntaub so ntswg: cytokines (lymphokines). Piv txwv li, tib neeg interferon-gamma, interleukin 2 by urging membrane kev sib tshuam tsis tau kis tus kab mob hlwb pib lub synthesis ntawm cov tshuaj, thiab yog tseem zoo taw proteins. Cia peb kawm lawv nyob rau hauv kom meej.

zog lymphokines

Cov tib neeg chromosome 6 khub nyob locus muaj ib tug txheej ntawm cov noob, nqa ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub antigenic thaj chaw ntawm cov ntshav membrane thiab lwm yam cellular organelles: lub nucleus, mitochondria, etc. Lymphokines lawv tus kheej yog tsis muaj peev xwm mus ncaj qha mus cuam tshuam tej lub antigens ntawm cov kab mob, tab sis sai sai qhia cov lus qhia txog lub xub ntiag ntawm txawv teb chaws tshuaj los ntawm ib tug cell mus rau lwm lub. Piv txwv li, lub receptor ntawm lub antigen-pab hlwb thiab T-lymphocytes Tor induces ib tug intracellular teeb liab, ob txog activating protein. Ntxiv nyob rau hauv lub lymphoid cov ntaub so ntswg yog kho kom zoo mitotic division txheej txheem - loj hlob, thiab cell-kho hom haum xeeb kev tiv thaiv yog zoo heev zog. Raws li nrog rau lwm cov lymphokines, interferon-gamma cheeb qhov uas cov kev ntawm transcription ntawm tus kab mob nucleic acid, thiab kuj cheeb los ua ke ntawm lub mechanism ntawm protein molecules pathogen. Peb yuav hais tias protein tebchaw, xam tau tias yog los ntawm peb, yog lub hauv paus ntawm humoral tiv thaiv.

Yuav ua li cas puas muaj tus tsis muaj zog

Thymus, cov qog ntshav hauv, tonsils, appendix - ib qho chaw lymphocyte tsim. Tiv hlwb tsim tshuaj uas inhibit qhov kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev ntawm kab keeb kwm. Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov ua sawv ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cev hlwb hu ua naive, yuav tsis kom khiav ntawm txawv teb chaws antigens, cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob. Lawv yuav tsum paub tab thiab ua immunocompetent - nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub thymus. Lub system ntawm tus kab mob uas ua ob tus kheej tiv thaiv hlwb: macrophages, T hlwb, killer hlwb, raws li zoo raws li ntau yam hom ntawm gamma-interferon nyob rau hauv cov kev tswj ntawm lub siab dua cortical chaw ntawm lub paj hlwb.

Nws kev ua si yog tseem tswj los ntawm cov qog adrenal, pituitary caj pas thiab lub hypothalamus. Psycho-nyuaj siab, txom nyem noj haus thiab tsis tau phem txo lub cev cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm lub cev, feem ntau qhov no yog tshwm sim tiv thaiv lub keeb kwm ntawm mob kev nyuaj siab. Txij li thaum cov lus teb ntawm tus kab mob yog ib tug tshwm sim ntawm cov kev ntawm cov tag nrho nws cov systems, tej kev ua txhaum cai ntawm homeostasis tiv thaiv kab mob fraught nrog failures thiab cov neeg pluag noj qab haus huv.

Tshuaj rau tib neeg interferon gamma

Nyob rau hauv kev kho mob xyaum raws li ib tug prophylactic thiab kho neeg sawv cev siv tshuaj uas muaj kev tiv thaiv cov nqaijrog uas ua los ntawm txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov tsiaj nrog kev siv interferon. Antibody molecules precipitated los ntawm cov ntshav ntshiab, purified thiab siv raws li ib tug tshuaj noj. Nws yog tau lug txhim khu cov kev ua ntawm lub cev tus kheej tiv thaiv tebchaw, e.g., gamma-globulins, thiab kuj txo cov tsos mob ntawm kev ua pa kab mob: txhaws ntswg thiab txhaws ntswg, hnoos.

Tus kho nyhuv ntawm interferon

Tiv glycoprotein cheeb lub npaug ntawm cov kab mob thiab nkoos cell enzymes, xws li protein kinase adenilatsintetazu thiab muab tsuj ntawm lub synthesis ntawm nucleic acids thiab proteins ntawm lub kab lub hnab ntawv. Cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw muaj lub peev xwm los cuam tshuam cov rhiab heev ntawm daim nyias nyias proteins uas kom cov cell lymphokines, t. E. Yog immunomodulators. Gamma-interferon rau cov me nyuam thiab cov laus yog siv rau kev tiv thaiv thiab kev kho mob ntawm kab mob khaub thuas thiab ua pa kab mob, nrog rau zoo qauv rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm Koch lub Bacillus nyob rau hauv lub cev. Tus kho neeg sawv cev tso nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj, tshuaj pleev, suppositories thiab tshuaj.

Cov kev siv ntawm ib tug yeeb tshuaj kho los ntawm ib tus kws kho mob, cov me nyuam yuav pib los ntawm 6 lub hlis, muab cov tsis muaj ib tug me nyuam txoj kev tsis haum tshuaj loj thiab loj pathologies ntawm cov hlab plawv system. Contraindication rau cov kev kho mob ntawm cov poj niam yog cev xeeb tub thiab ua xua. Tam sim no cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb tshaj yog siv nyob rau hauv Pediatrics, muaj kev tiv thaiv kev siv protein uas muaj kev coj dawb huv thiab tag nrho tsis tuaj kawm ntawv ntawm polypeptide tawg tsam.