Gasparov Mihail Leonovich: biography, cov phau ntawv

Academician Gasparov Mihail Leonovich, ib tug zoo-paub txawj critic, stihoved, philologist, historian ntawm ancient cov ntaub ntawv, tau ua ib tug tseem ceeb pab rau cov kev tshawb xav ntawm Lavxias teb sab thiab European paj huam. Nws scientific ua hauj lwm yog ib tug tiag tiag ntu nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab kev sau ntawv thuam. Translations ntawm ancient cov ntaub ntawv M. L. Gasparova thiab niaj hnub no yog cov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv domestic xyaum.

thaum yau

Yug Gasparov Mihail Leonovich Plaub Hlis Ntuj 13, 1935 nyob rau hauv Moscow nyob rau hauv ib tsev neeg ntawm intellectuals. Nws niam, Elena Aleksandrovna Nyurenberg, nee Budilova, ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub magazine "Atheist" editor, tom qab ntawd nws defended nws doctoral thesis nyob rau hauv psychology thiab ua hauj lwm nyob hauv lub koom haum ntawm Psychology Academy ntawm Sciences pedagogical ntawm lub USSR. Nws yuav txiv mus rau ib tug tsuas engineer Leo Arsenevichem Gasparovym, ib tug neeg uas Nagorno-Karabakh. Thaum Michael hluas heev, lawv sib nrauj. Tab sis qhov tiag txiv ntawm tus me nyuam tub niam yog ib tug colleague ntawm lub magazine "Atheist", uas tom qab ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub magazine "Thaum lub log" thiab cov publishing tsev ntawm tus USSR Academy ntawm Sciences. Txawm li cas los Mihail Leonovich yeej tsis tshua kis tau txog nws txiv thiab nws tag nrho nws lub neej hais tias nws niam coj mus, thiab hais tias yog muaj tseeb tiag. Nrog nws txiv nws tau ntsib xwb li ib tug neeg laus txiv neej.

tsim

Thaum lub sij hawm tsov rog, Michael tau mus rau lub Moscow lub tsev kawm ntawv tus naj npawb 12, uas nws kawm tiav nyob rau hauv 1952. Twb tau nyob rau lub tsev kawm ntawv kom meej meej qhia Gasparov humanitarian kom pom tseeb. Yog li ntawd, nws xaiv ntawm ib tug classical ceg ntawm philological kws qhia ntawv tom qab lub tsev kawm ntawv yog tsis xav tsis thoob. Nyob rau hauv 1957 nws ntse kawm tiav los ntawm lub Moscow State University. Tom qab high school Gasparov Mihail Leonovich tau txiav txim siab mus txuas ntxiv mus kawm science thiab cuv npe kawm nyob rau hauv kawm tiav lub tsev kawm ntawv.

scientific hauj lwm

Kev tshawb fawb kev txaus siab Gasparov - ancient ntaub ntawv. Mihail Leonovich txig paub tias lub ancient thiab Niaj hnub nimno Greek, Latin, kuj muaj los ntawm qhov Fabkis, German thiab Italian. Nws PhD thesis (1963) twb nplooj siab mus rau lub ancient dab neeg. Ancient cov ntaub ntawv tau kev kawm ntawm ntau yam ntawm nws sau thiab lectures. Txij li thaum 1957, nws siv 33 xyoo raws li ib tug neeg ua hauj lwm ntawm lub sector ntawm ancient cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub koom haum ntawm lub ntiaj teb no Literature ntawm lub USSR.

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo 1970, muaj ib tug thib ob Lyubov Gasparova - versification. Los ntawm 1971 mus 1981 nws tau koom tes nyob rau hauv lub Tartu-Moscow Semiotic tsev kawm ntawv, uas tsim lub tej hauj lwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab formalists, yog xav nyob rau hauv lej thiab thov lug, poetics. Doctoral thesis Gasparov "Niaj hnub nimno Lavxias teb sab nqe metrics thiab atherosclerosis" tau ua ib qhov txuas nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej paj huam kev tshawb xav. Nyob rau hauv 1990 Gasparov Mihail Leonovich yog tus chief paub txog ntawm lub sector thiab cov style ntawm Lavxias teb sab lub koom haum ntawm Lavxias teb sab Academy ntawm Sciences. Txij li thaum 1990, nws - ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub Academy ntawm Sciences ntawm lub USSR, los ntawm 1992 - Academician ntawm Lavxias teb sab Academy ntawm Sciences. Txij li thaum 1992, nws kuj ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab xeev tib University, lub koom haum Qib Siab tib Studies. Nyob rau hauv 2002 nws mus rau lub tuam tsev ntawm cov yam ntxwv linguistics thiab structural poetics ntawm lub koom haum ntawm Lavxias teb sab Academy ntawm Sciences, ib txoj hauj lwm nws tseem kom txog rau thaum nws tuag.

Phau ntawv thiab sau Gasparov

Thaum lub sij hawm nws lub neej kawm nws tau luam tawm ntau tej hauj lwm. Gasparov Mihail Leonovich, uas nws phau ntawv hnub no yog classic nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm ancient cov ntaub ntawv, thiab nyob rau hauv style, txawj thuam, yog tus neeg sau ntawm ntau pua cov khoom thiab ob peb phau ntawv. Nws sau tej hauj lwm nyob rau hauv plaub tagnrho yuav tsum vov lub zoo tshaj plaws ntawm nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv prosody. Tag nrho cov ntawm nws tej hauj lwm yuav grouped rau hauv ob peb pawg loj: kawm txog cov ancient cov ntaub ntawv, ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv medieval ntaub ntawv thiab niaj hnub ntaub ntawv, cov khoom thiab cov phau ntawv nyob rau Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv thiab kev tshawb fawb rau prosody.

Ib tug cais ib feem ntawm lub tswv yim ntawm cov neeg kawm xaij ua uas tsis yog-ntawv tseeb phau ntawv nyob rau ancient kab lis kev cai :. "Lupa Capitolina", "entertaining tim Nkij teb chaws" Tsis tas li ntawd Gasparov yog tus chief editor ntawm "Mandelstam encyclopedia", ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub editorial boards xws li nto moo series raws li "Literary Monuments", "cov tsev qiv ntawv ntawm Classical Literature", "sau npe Systems Studies", "Literature" magazine, "Bulletin ntawm ancient keeb kwm," ob peb txawv teb chaws periodicals .

translation kev ua ub no

Feem ntau cov nto moo Gasparov coj nws translations ntawm ancient phau ntawv. Nws tsim tau thiab virtuosity raws li ib tug neeg txhais lus tsuas amazing. Gasparovsky txhais lus los ntawm cov Greek ntawm Ovid, Aristotle, Aesop yog tseem unsurpassed, tsis tsuas nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov neeg, tab sis kuj cov stylistic elegance. Nyob rau hauv nws txhais ntawm Lavxias teb sab nyeem ntawv yuav nyeem ancient paj huam, Cicero, Horace, Diogenes Laertius.

qhia

Academician Gasparov qhia rau ntau xyoo los teem nrog nws active kev koom tes rau hauv lub Department of History thiab Theory of World Culture nyob rau hauv lub Philosophy kws qhia ntawv ntawm Moscow State University. Lub Literary lub koom haum rau lawv. Gorky, nws qhia kev kawm nyob rau hauv prosody thiab Lavxias teb sab paj huam. Cov lus qhuab qhia attracted ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm raws li ib tug lecturer Gasparov yog inspirational thiab kaj. Tom qab ntawd, ib co ntawm cov lus qhuab qhia muaj nyob rau hauv phau ntawv "Tus nqe".

sau tej hauj lwm

Tsab xov xwm Gasparov rau prosody thiab Lavxias teb sab paj huam tau sau nyob rau hauv lub plaub-ntim ib tsab ntawm "Xaiv tej hauj lwm". Cov thawj lub ntim - "Nyob rau Poet" - nplooj siab mus rau lub ancient paj huam raws li ib tug qhov chaw ntawm classical ntaub ntawv kev cai. Qhov thib ob ntim - "Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus" - yog raws li nyob rau hauv lectures ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv thiab yog muaj nplooj siab mus rau lub tsom xam ntawm tej hauj lwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab paj huam, Tsvetaeva, Pushkin, qhov tseeb, Khlebnikov, Mayakovsky, Lavxias teb sab avant-garde, Brodsky. Parsing phau ntawv los ntawm Gasparov - yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm zoo thiab thawj cov kev tshawb fawb nrog lub broadest cov lus xaus. Qhov thib peb volume - "Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus" - yog devoted mus rau lub hom phiaj ntawm cov paj huam, stylistics thiab poetics. Tias tus plaub - "Linguistics nqe" - mob siab rau tus txhais lus los thiab tsom xam ntawm tej hauj lwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab paj huam.

honors

Gasparov Mihail Leonovich rau lawv ua hauj lwm dua tau txais zoo-deserved khoom plig. Nws yog tus khiav ntawm lub xeev nqi zog (1995), tus tswv ntawm "lub qhov" khoom plig, Me Booker, nyiaj tshwj xeeb A. Dawb. Nyob rau hauv 2004, nws tau txais kev kawm nqi zog rau lawv. A. S. Pushkina tsab ntawm "Xaiv Works" nyob rau hauv 3 tagnrho.

Tej lub neej

Gasparov ML yuav luag tsib caug xyoo sib yuav rau cov zajlus editor Alevtinoy Mihaylovnoy Zotovoy. Qhov ob peb muaj ib tug ntxhais, Elena, tam sim no ib tug Ph.D., ua hauj lwm nyob rau kev tshawb fawb lub koom haum ntawm Preschool Kawm ntawm lub USSR APK, seb puas tsimnyog tau ob Gasparov cov xeeb ntxwv.

Lub xeem xyoo ntawm nws lub neej

Txij thaum lig 1990s, Academician Mikhail Gasparov discovering ib tug tshiab cheeb tsam ntawm chaw ua hauj lwm, nws nyiam sim translations ntawm medieval paj huam thiab niaj hnub lub sij hawm. Nyob rau hauv nws kev nthuav qhia tshwm nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab paj huam L. Ariosto lub "Orlando Furioso", verses G. Heim. Thiab phau ntawv "Seb translation" los ua ib tug tiag tiag kev tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov zajlus lub ntiaj teb no.

Kaum ib hlis 7, 2005 Gasparov tuag lawm, nws raug faus nrog rau tag nrho honors nyob rau hauv Miusskaya Tojntxas nyob hauv Moscow.

Tom qab kev tuag ntawm Michael Leonovich cov pej xeem tau ua lub npe hu tsis tau lwm facet ntawm nws tej txuj ci. Nws tus poj niam, Alevtina M., luam tawm ib ob peb me me collections ntawm nws tus kheej cov kwv huam. Sam Gasparov nws tus kheej ib tug kws sau paj lug tsis xav hais tias qhov no yog tsuas nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov kwv huam ntawm tus poj creators.