Hereford nyuj: tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov yug me nyuam, cov ntsiab lus, cov nqi rau cov hluas thiab cov yug me nyuam cov tsiaj

Ntawm tag nrho cov nyuj nyuj yuav luag qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no yog Hereford nyuj yug menyuam, uas yog zaum ob tsuas yog mus rau ib tug ob peb Aberdeen Angus, thiab txawm ces tsis nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov teb chaws: muaj xeev categorically xav Hereford. Thiab cov pob zeb yog tiag tiag tsim nyog ntawm cov xim.

Keeb kwm ntawm chaw ua taus zes

Xaiv pib nyob rau hauv cov lus Askiv county Gerefordshir nyob rau hauv lub lig 17th xyoo pua thiab twb crowned nrog txoj kev vam meej los ntawm nruab nrab ntawm lub 18th. Cov poj koob yawm txwv Hereford yug nyuj muaj lub zos nyuj, heev me me thiab siv nyob rau hauv ob peb txoj kev: raws li cov cua ntsawj ntshab thiab cov nqaij thiab cov mis nyuj. Tus aim ntawm qhov kev xaiv yog mus tsa tus luj ntawm cov neeg leeb lawv maturation (nce earliness) thiab switching earmarked heev dua lwm yam rau cov nqaij. chaw ua taus zes tau thiaj li muaj kev vam meej tias txij li thaum xyoo 1846 muaj ib tug studbook hom, thiab los ntawm tus kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19 nws tau kis yuav luag tag nrho cov thoob lub ntiaj teb. Nyob rau hauv lub 30s ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th Hereford tau ua tswvcuab nyob rau hauv lub USSR.

Sab nrauv Hereford

Ib tug ntawm cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm yug yog cov liab ce nrog dawb nyuj taub hau. Thiab do hau kis txawm thaum hla nrog rau lwm cov breeds. Mob plab, hauv siab sab, txhuam heev dawb nyob tus Tsov tus tw. Cov qhab nia ntawm no xim tseem muaj nyob rau hauv lub nape thiab lub xub pwg. Horn dawb, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim tsaus ntuj. Cov kevcai tswj yog muaj zog, tej zaum kuj txawm tsis paub. withers kab, rov qab, lumbar thiab sacrum ncaj. Ceg dav sib nrug heev thiab luv luv. Siab puag ncig, sab, nrog ib tug qhia tau dewlap tsim. Cov neeg sawv cev Hereford tsiaj nyuj (tus yees duab yog nyob rau tib page) yog loj heev thiab yog loj txaus: cov neeg laus lub tsev me nyuam nyhav txog 700 kg thiab sire Feem ntau Nws ncav ib tug luj ib tonne.

Zoo thiab nta ntawm yug

Nws lub ntsiab kom zoo dua yog qhov yooj yim qe nyuj. Lawv yog cov undemanding mus pub, dav siv free grazing pasture, thaum lub sij hawm uas tus nyuj noj tag nrho cov tshuaj ntsuab, xws li cov nroj, thiab ib tug uas yog suav tias yog tsis paub. Yog li, Hereford nyuj tsiaj tsis xav tau ib tug qhia tshwj xeeb uas cog pastures.

Nyuj distinguished los ntawm siab lub neej expectancy - 18 xyoo, tab sis tsis tsawg tshaj li 15. Rau cov nyuj yog ib tug heev heev. Thiab thoob plaws lub neej, lawv khaws lub peev xwm rau cov me nyuam; zoo hluas tsis poob los ntawm lub tsev menyuam ntawm cov laus.

Hereford nyuj hais txog cov me me-fruited, piv txwv li nyuj yug kuj me me - txog 25 kg. Qhov no tso cai rau koj mus tau me nyuam tsis muaj teeb meem thiab tsis muaj kev pab ntxiv los ntawm tus neeg. Yog hais tias otelochnom ceg khib yuav hloov tsis tu ncua thiab khaws cia qhuav, nyuj zoo yeej tsis tau muaj mob; lawv ciaj sia taus yog nyob ze rau 98 feem pua. Nrog ib tug me ntsis hnyav thaum pib ntawm lub neej ntawm cov nyuj loj hlob sai sai; ½ xyoo heifers nce txog li 400 kg, thiab luam yeeb butts - 430-450. Qhov no yog precisely lub ripening nkoos yuav nteg qe nyuj ntawm yug.

Peb kuj yuav tsum nco ntsoov rau hauv lub siab adaptability ntawm yug, uas yog txig acclimated rau ntau kub los yog txias kev nyab xeeb, es tsis yog lus Askiv. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, txawm tus nyuj kub tau yooj yim tso ntev stretches tsis tau poob ceeb thawj.

Tawm los ntawm nqaij thaum lub sij hawm slaughter Salaries 65%. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm zoo cov ntsiab lus thiab qhov feem pua ntawm ib txwm qab index nce mus txog 70. Plus cov nqaij los ntawm Hereford yog cov thiaj li hu ua marble, uas yog ntau tshaj li niaj zaus. Nws yog vim hais tias ntawm tag nrho cov zoo uas Hereford nyuj, nws cov nqi yog ntau tshaj nyob rau hauv lwm hom ntawm cov tsiaj.

Txawm li cas los, nws muaj ib co nuances uas tej zaum yuav pom tau hais tias tsis zoo. Hereford nyuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb feature uas yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account thaum txiav txim siab nyob rau hauv nws cov chaw ua taus zes. Malomolochny tsev menyuam li uas yuav tsis tau milked. Yog li ntawd, cov nyuj yog khaws cia nyob rau hauv ntoo qhuav mus txog yim lub hlis.

Siv cov kev faib ntawm barns rau cov maum nrog nyuj

Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua ob nyob rau hauv lub xoob tsev nyob tsev teb, thiab cov dawb-ntau qhov chaw. Nws tus kheej los nruab nrog ntawm lub perimeter ntawm cais chaw rau cov maum nrog nyuj, yog muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm drinkers nrog thas. Nws tseem yog tsim nyog los faib lub corral, uas yuav pub rau cov nyuj yog zus. Nyob rau hauv tej thaj chaw deb ntawm lub inlet kawg ntawm lub tsev teb txheej txheem maternity pawg ntseeg twg suckler nyuj yog kis nyob rau hauv ob peb hnub ua ntej calving. Lawv yuav siv cov thawj lub lim tiam tom qab nws. Lub ntsiab yam kev mob rau cov khoom tsev teb rau kom cov maum nrog nyuj: huv, tsis muaj drafts thiab qhuav litter. Cua sov txawm nyob rau hauv hnyav winters yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav ntev li: cov laus heev zog, thiab calves, thaum khov, faus nyob rau hauv cov nyom.

Txawv nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov manufacturers, "Laus" thiab calves

Tam sim no peb nco ntsoov tias slaughter nyuj pub cov pa hay tov nrog ntsev thiab barley flake. Rau lactating nyuj noj cov zaub mov yuav tsum muaj ntau richer thiab ntau ntau yam: roughage - tsis muaj ntau tshaj li 45% ntawm cov silage - txog 25, thiab tsawg kawg yog 20% concentrates. Yog ntxiv rau pub thiab pub: pob txha noj mov thiab phosphate (diammonium, tricalcium etc.). Bulls-producers muab zoo cereal thiab legume quav nyab, nplua nuj cov zaub mov thiab mloog zoo. Nyuj mus txog peb lub hlis nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab nqi mis mis nyuj, tab sis, nrog rau lub 2-3 lub lim piam uas koj yuav muab hay. Nyuj, mus txog 200 kg (qhov nruab nrab yuav 8 lub hlis ntawm hnub nyoog, tab sis muaj mob thaum lub rau hli plab hlaub thiab nkag mus rau hauv ntau npaum li ntawd hnyav) yog cais los ntawm cov tsev me nyuam - yog li nws yuav tsum tau ceev kom paub tab, thiab nws cov me nyuam muaj peev xwm yuav ua tau siab.

Peb yuav hais tias vim cov kev nqis peev uas yuav tsum tau rau yug me nyuam Hereford nyuj, nws cov nqi yog tsawg tshaj li qhov nws yuav ua tau.

Muas Hereford

Nws tseem mus hais ntau npaum li cas nws cov nqi Hereford nyuj yug. Tus nqi ntawm calves uas tseem tsis tau sawv ntawm lub suckling lub hnub nyoog, mas tsis tshua muaj - los ntawm 130 rubles ib kilogram ntawm pedigree nyuj thiab 115 - npaj rau slaughter. Ua taus zes nyuj, weaning, txhais mus rau hauv lub zuag qhia tag nrho system hwj chim thiab siav rau me nyuam kev ua ub no, yuav raug nqi 300 rubles ib kilo. Ib tug nyuj, yam tsawg kawg ob zaug theem siab zoo cov me nyuam, nws yog kwv yees li thaum ntxov raws li 500 rubles. ib kilogram ntawm lub cev hnyav.