Hom ntawm kev hais lus

Nyob rau dab tsi yog qhov hom ntawm kev hais lus, yuav tsum nyob rau hauv cov chav kawm ntawm stylistics. Qhov no science daws rau lo lus nug yog, lub feem ntau tsim nyog siv lus, tsim proposals li ntawd lub tswv yim twb qhia meej heev thiab muaj raws li cov qauv ntawm cov zajlus lus. Piv txwv li, lo lus "qhov muag" muaj lus: "lub kua" thiab "lub qhov muag". Lawv muaj tib lub nqi, tiam sis lawv yeej ib txwm interchangeable? Ntawm cov hoob kawm tsis tau. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv yog cov zoo nyob rau hauv lawv qhov chaw. Nws yuav sound heev tsis zoo, yog tias ib tus paub txog es tsis txhob ntawm lo lus "qhov muag" tau siv "lub kua". Rau hauv sib piv, hloov ntawm lo lus "qhov muag" rau lub tsis tseem ceeb lo lus "qhov muag" nyob rau hauv lub poetic ua hauj lwm kiag li deprives lub solemnity ntawm cov nqe lus.

Nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab lus distinguishes ntawm cov hauv qab no yeej thiab hom ntawm kev hais lus: journalistic, ua lag ua luam, artistic, kev thiab colloquial. Lawv txawv nyob rau hauv kab lus qauv thiab xaiv lus.

Feem ntau ntawm cov lus yog nruab nrab nyob rau hauv cov xim thiab yuav muaj nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov hom ntawm kev hais lus. Tab sis ib co yuav muab ib tug tshwj xeeb nuance yuav ua li cas yog hais tias los yog sau ntawv. Tej lus xws tej zaum yuav tsis siv tag nrho cov hom ntawm kev hais lus, lawv yog hais rau cov muaj ib tug style, tog twg los hais (domovnichat, balamutit, xws li, ua noj, cov thoob khib nyiab), los yog artistic (ntshaw, toj roob hauv pes, kev kawm).

Colloquial style siv nyob rau hauv qhov ncauj kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov neeg nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub, nyob rau hauv tsev neeg thiab cov phooj ywg, raws li tau zoo raws li tej hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ncaj qha hais lus. Nws thov rau cov kev pauv ntawm cov tswv yim thiab cov ntaub ntawv rau cov txheeb ze. Nws yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov kev sib tham, sib tham, sau ntawv, tsiaj ntawv. Yam ntxwv nta ntawm lub hom hais hais lus: evaluative, kev xav, yooj yim, thiab tej zaum lub tsis muaj taub hau. Qhov no style yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm txoj kev siv cov colloquial, kev xav thiab evaluative lus ntawm phraseology. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov hom conversational hais lus yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm tej yam yooj yim ua ke (xws li cov exclamation, mononuclear thiab tsis tag), nquag siv ntawm daim ntaub ntawv, interjections.

Scope ntawm scientific style - engineering, science, kev kawm ntawv. Nws yog siv los qhia txog qhov kev ua tau nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm tshiab yees thiab discoveries. DVR scientific style nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov lus ceeb toom, lus, tutorials, lectures, cov phau ntawv, sib cav tswv yim. Nws tus yam ntxwv: qhuav hais lus, logic, precision, abstraction thiab conclusiveness. Nyob rau hauv lub lexicon ntawm no style yog yeej los ntawm cov lus uas muaj paub daws teeb lub ntsiab lus, npe derived ntawm verbs, cov ntsiab lus.

Official kev sib raug zoo - lub ntsiab cheeb tsam ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm official-ua lag ua luam yam ntawm kev hais lus. Nws yog siv los tswj tus ua lag ua luam kev sib raug zoo, muab kev txiav txim, cov lus qhia. Pom tau hais nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntawv cog lus, ua lag ua luam ntaub ntawv (daim ntawv thov, nug, kev txiav txim, ntaub ntawv qhia txog, feeb, etc ..). Yam ntxwv nta ntawm lub lag luam-hom hais lus: qhuav, rigor thiab formality.

Cov kos duab style yog thov feem nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem rau lub hom phiaj ntawm influencing tus nyeem ntawv los ntawm ib tug hais lus daim duab ntawm lub neej. Nws yog pom tau hais nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov novels, kwv huam, dab neeg luv luv, tsab ntawv, dab neeg luv luv thiab plays. Nta cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub artistic hom ntawm kev hais lus: nws txiav txim rau cov xwm, xav, concreteness thiab imagery.

Scope ntawm cov journalistic style - nom ua tswv thiab zej zog. Nws yog siv rau lub hom phiaj ntawm influencing masses, los yog muab cov lus qhia txog ib qho tseem ceeb kev koom kev kawm thiab tej xwm txheej. Pom tau hais journalistic style nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov phau ntawv qhia, sib cav tswv yim, lectures, cov khoom, ntaub ntawv thiab kev hais lus. Nws raug sijhawm: mob siab rau, invocatory, evaluative.

Cov hais lus, raws li ib tug artistic, journalistic, scientific thiab official ua lag ua luam yog cov piv txwv ntawm cov phau ntawv style.

Hom ntawm kev hais lus tsis nyob ua ib ke nyob rau hauv kev rho tawm los ntawm txhua lwm yam, lawv feem xyuam rau txoj txhua lwm yam.