Ivana Velikogo Tswb ntauwd ntawm lub Moscow Kremlin

Thaum lub Cathedral Square ntawm lub Kremlin tswb pej thuam ntawm St. Ioanna Lestvichnika, kuj hu ua Ivan lub Great Tswb. Cov Kremlin thiab tag nrho nws cov vaj tse yog koom rau hauv ib chav tsev xwb nyob rau hauv lub plawv ntawm lub capital. Nyob rau hauv 2008, qhov no monument ntawm architecture muab 500 xyoo.

Lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm St. Ioanna Lestvichnika

Ivana Velikogo Tswb ntauwd ntawm lub Moscow Kremlin hnub rov qab ob peb centuries ntawm keeb kwm, thiab pib nws countdown rau 1329. Hais tias lub xyoo twb nrhiav tau lub Koom Txoos ntawm St. Ioanna Lestvichnika nyob rau hauv lub reign ntawm Ivan Kalita. Lub tuam tsev yog tsim los pab raws li ib tug tswb pej thuam, ces tus chav tsev twb tso cai rau suab ntau harmonious neeb, muab tso rau hauv sab sauv theem ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj. Lub excavations uas tau nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub XIX-XX centuries, taw tes kom paub tias cov qauv ntawm cov architecture reminiscent ntawm lub tuam tsev ntawm lub ancient Armenians. Sab nraum lub tsev teev ntuj nws muaj yim sab, thiab lub puab seem ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj muaj ib tug cruciform zoo. Nyob rau sab hnub tuaj sab ntawm lub apse nyob rau hauv lub semicircular arches thiab cov neeb tau muab tso rau hauv lub thib ob hauv pem teb. Lub tuam tsev muaj ua ntej thaum pib ntawm lub XVI caug xyoo.

Bonovskaya belfry

Nyob rau hauv 1505 thaum lub sij hawm lub reign ntawm Grand tub huabtais Vasily III, tus laus tus lub tsev teev ntuj twb rhuav. Nyob rau tib lub qhov chaw nws tau ua ib tug tshiab lub tsev teev ntuj tsim los ntawm masters los ntawm ltalis, nicknamed Bon Fryazin. Lub tuam tsev ntawd ua tau nyob rau hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm Tsar Ivan III. Siv cov kev faib twb nqa tawm tshaj peb lub xyoos. Nyob rau hauv 1508, ob-tiered tswb pej thuam yog npaj txhij. Kev lig kev cai ntawm architecture, raug ntawm ltalis nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm, zoo heev pab cov tuam tsev architecture. Uas yog vim li cas lub tsev muaj ob peb lub tswb yees, uas tau nyob nyias los ntawm txhua lwm yam. Lub tsev teev ntuj kuj tau txais ib lub npe - "Bonovskaya tswb ntauwd." Impressive kem koom variegated Kremlin tuam tsev nyob rau hauv ib cov khaub ncaws ntau. Nws yog tus thib ob pob zeb lub tsev teev ntuj nyob rau hauv Moscow. Throne ntawm St. Ioanna Lestvichnika yog launched rau cov thawj pem teb ntawm lub tsev.

Nyob rau hauv 1532 nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb sab ntawm lub tswb pej thuam ntawm tus belfry ua tau lub tuam tsev ntawm lub Ascension ntawm peb tes num ntawm lwm kes duab vajtse los ntawm ltalis - Petroc muaj hnub nyoog. Nws twb npaj rau ib tug khoom tswb uas 1,000 phaus, hu ua "Txoj Moo Zoo". Kawm tiav ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm lub belfry nyob rau hauv 1543 nqa tawm lub zos craftsmen. Ncaj qha tuam tsev nyob rau hauv lub thib peb pem teb, uas coj mus rau ib tug tshwj xeeb ntaiv. Majestically nyob hauv lub Belfry nruas nrog ib tug dome.

assumption belfry

Nyob rau hauv 1600, sau thoob plaws hauv lub teb chaws yog ib tus phem, starving neeg. Boris Godunov, cawm tau nws cov neeg, txiav txim siab los nqa tawm ib tug loj overhaul ntawm Bonovskoy tswb ntauwd, uas ua los txog rau tag nrho cov ciam teb neeg. Nws npaj siab yuav tas nws ib theem, thiab rov qab mus rau tsim lub Great Lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm St. John rau hauv av pem teb. Yog li ntawd, tag nrho cov qauv twb hnav ib tug txawv lub npe - Ivan lub Great Tswb. Txuas pem teb yog cylindrical rau hauv cov duab, thiab qhov siab ntawm cov tswb pej thuam twb tau nce mus 82 meters. Nws yog tus biggest qauv ntawm uas era. Yuav kom tau mus rau lub sab saum toj theem, nws yuav tsum tau mus los ntawm 329 degrees. Nyob rau hauv lub dome ntawm lub tuam tsev ntawd carved ib inscription nyob rau hauv kub tsiaj ntawv, uas qhia rau hauv lub hnub ntawm nws txoj siv thiab cov npe ntawm cov vajntxwv uas kav thaum lub sij hawm (Boris Godunov thiab nws tus tub). Nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam ib ncig ntawm lub tswb ntauwd, uas ris lub npe ntawm Ivanovo, nyeem tag nrho cov kev txiav txim ntawm tus huab tais. Txij thaum ntawd los, ib qho kev qhia ntawm "quaj qw tag nrho Ivanovo".

Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm cov XVII xyoo pua tswb pej thuam twb tag rebuilt. Thaum lub sij hawm lub reign ntawm Mikhail Romanov thiab nws txiv Patriarchate Filaret, nyob rau hauv 1624, nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb sab ua Filaretova siv project Bazhen Ogurtsova. Tus qauv muaj ib tug dawb cov pob zeb hauv tsev pheebsuab them nrog vuas. Ivan lub Great Tswb Moscow Kremlin tau txais ib lub npe tshiab - lub Assumption Belfry.

Lub tswb pej thuam ntawm tus poj Patriotic ua tsov ua rog

Cov poj Patriotic ua tsov ua rog ntawm 1812 dejnum rau lub monument ntawm architecture. Cov tub rog ntawm lub Fabkis pab tub rog tshem tawm cov gilded ntoo khaub lig los ntawm lub pej thuam thiab sim mus tshuab nws mus. Tab sis raug kev txom nyem xwb Filaret Annex thiab tswb ntauwd nyob rau sab qaum teb. Thaum tsov rog lawm, tus tswv D. Gilardi siab rov qab los tswb pej thuam pob tawg lawm hais, hloov ib co ntawm cov proportions thiab zuag qhia tag nrho cov style ntawm kev tsim kho. Thiab nyob rau hauv lub xyoo 1895-1897 Ivana Velikogo Tswb ntauwd nyob hauv Moscow txum tim rov qab S. Rodionov.

yam ntxwv nta

Thaum lub qhov siab ntawm Ivana Velikogo tswb pej thuam ntawm lub nce 82 meters. Los ntawm cov uppermost point ntawm cov qauv yuav xav txog lub cheeb tsam ntawm 30 mais ib ncig lub capital. Dua li ntawm qhov kuj yooj yim architecture ntawm lub tswb ntauwd, lub tsev yog sib txawv grandeur thiab kev zoo nkauj. Lub proportions ntawm tag nrho nws cov ntsiab raug xaiv nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug txoj kev uas tsim ib tug heev harmonious architectural khaub ncaws ntau. Tsaug rau tej masters, muaj ib tug txhais tes nyob rau hauv nws cov creation, Ivana Velikogo Tswb ntauwd yog ib tug tawm keeb kwm monument nyob rau hauv Moscow.

Cov tswb nrov nyob rau hauv lub belfry

Tag nrho cov kev tsim kho yog lub tswb 34, thiab tsuas yog 3 ntawm lawv tseem nyob rau hauv Filaretova annexe thiab belfry. Nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, lub tswb dai rau ib tug nqaj ntoo, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub XIX-XX centuries, lawv tau raug hloov los ntawm hlau. Tag nrho cov neeb twb tau los ntawm masters ntawm casting tus neeg mob sib txawv ntawm cov eras.

Cov hlob ntawm lawv - "Lub Xyooj", uas ntau tshaj 7 tons, cam khwb cia nyob rau hauv 1501. Qhov loj tshaj plaws thiab hnov tswb yog tus "Dormition" ( "Tsar Tswb") nrog ib tug luj ntawm 65 tons, uas twb muab pov nyob rau hauv 1819 los ntawm masters Zavyalov thiab Rusinov los ntawm qub ntaub ntawv. Qhov thib ob loj tshaj plaws nyob tswb yog tus "howler", uas 32 tons, tsim los ntawm Anton Chekhov nyob rau hauv 1622. Nws yog txuam nrog ib tug tragic rov, thaum nyob rau hauv 1855, lub tswb mounting tsoo thiab, ya mus rau 5 plag tsev, nws poob mus rau hauv av, tua ntau tshaj ib tug neeg. Qhov thib peb tseem ceeb tswb yog "Sunday" ( "Semisotenny") uas 13 tons. Nws yog tsim nyob rau hauv 1704, thiab I. Motorin nyob rau lub Filaret Annex.

Tswb ntauwd 18 muaj tag nrho neeb. Rau hauv av pem teb muaj 6 ntawm lawv, cov uas yog tus hlob, nyob rau nruab nrab - 9. Lub sab sauv lawj muaj 3 neeb, lub keeb kwm ntawm uas yog tsis paub.

tswb pej thuam tsev cia puav pheej

Nyob rau hauv thawj theem ntawm cov Assumption Belfry yog ib tug tsev cia puav pheej nrog qhov twg ua hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab.

Lub tswb pej thuam ntawm tus Kremlin History Tsev khaws puav pheej nyob rau hauv Moscow, uas qhia txog cov qauv ntawm cov ancient dawb pob zeb vaj tse ntawm cov XIV xyoo pua, qhia tau hais tias ib tug panorama ntawm Moscow thiab lwm yam thawj yam khoom. Ntawm tswb pej thuam ntawm cov phab ntsa yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog projections ntawm ntau yam monuments. Cov soj lawj muaj zoo views ntawm lub Kremlin thiab cov cheeb tsam surrounding. Rau cov qhua muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb suab phau ntawv no, uas yuav pab kom cov tourists los ntawm ntau lub teb chaws mus kawm rau hauv lub keeb kwm tseeb ntawm no monument ntawm architecture, raws li cov Ivan lub Great Tswb, kev piav qhia thiab nthuav cov ntsiab lus.

Lub monument ntawm architecture nyob rau hauv peb hnub

Niaj hnub no, Ivan lub Great Tswb - yog tam sim no tsev cia puav pheej, uas tau txais phav phav ntawm tourists los ntawm ib ncig lub ntiaj teb no txhua txhua hnub. Cov tsev khaws puav pheej qhia ancient kos duab khoom. Los ntawm kev siv uas niaj hnub siv tshuab nws yog tau mus recreate cov tsos ntawm tsis tseem muaj sia nyob rau peb lub sij hawm monuments.

Thoob plaws hauv lub hav zoov ntawm cov Soviet Union, tswb pej thuam kaw rau qhua. Dua nyob rau hauv lub tuam tsev neeb rang tawm nyob rau hauv 1992, lub hnub uas dawb huv Easter. Thiab txij li thaum uas lub sij hawm, tag nrho cov tsev teev ntuj cov kev pab cuam nyob rau hauv lub Kremlin cathedrals yog ua nyob rau hauv lub chimes.

Ivan lub Great Tswb nyob rau hauv lub Kremlin - ib tug tseem ceeb monument ntawm architecture, uas muaj ib tug nplua nuj thiab nthuav keeb kwm. Txhua leej txhua tus uas tuaj rau Moscow, yuav txaus siab rau hauv lub view ntawm no cim qauv.