Khokhloma cov khoom ua si thiab cov tais diav - ib tug kev lig kev cai uas tau ua tiam no

Khokhloma painting li Dymkovo qho khoom ua si, Vologda lace, Pavlovo shawls thiab lwm yam handicrafts muaj kev cuam tshuam tus ntsuj plig thiab kev cai ntawm peb cov neeg. Niaj hnub no, txaus siab nyob rau hauv no kos duab daim ntawv yog loj hlob relentlessly. Khokhloma cov khoom ua si, pleev xim rau glassware thiab rooj tog zaum yog tsis tau tsuas yog tsev khaws puav pheej daim, tab sis kuj yog ib tug heev ib feem ntawm peb lub neej. Nyob rau lawv yuav tsum tau tham hnub no.

followers painters

Nws tsis yog lub npe hu raws li muaj Khokhloma painting. Raws li niaj hnub tswv yim, nuv ntses mus rov qab ntau tshaj 300 xyoo. Nws tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub Volga, muaj tam sim no lub teb chaws Koverninskii cheeb tsam Gorky cheeb tsam. Khokhloma cov khoom ua si thiab ua noj lauj kaub tais diav sib txawv tshwj xeeb zib ntab-golden tom qab xim los yog cov qauv ntsiab lus. Nws yog nws leej twg ua rau ib tug tshwj xeeb kos npe. Nws yog ntseeg hais tias cov technology rau ua xws xim raug coj los ntawm lub masters ntawm lub qub ntseeg. Lawv muaj peev xwm muab cov icons ib tug Golden sheen tsis muaj kev siv ntawm precious hlau.

technology

Tsis muaj teeb meem uas npog lub Khokhloma painting: cov khoom ua si, tais diav los yog rooj tog - coloring hauv paus ntsiab lus yog tib yam. Tus ntoo workpiece them nrog av thiab cov kua roj vanish, thiab ces txawm lig los plhws nrog txhuas hmoov. Yav tas los, nws twb siv es tsis txhob ntawm tin, txawm li cas los, niaj hnub technologies cia rau tsim txhuas nyob rau hauv loj tus xov tooj, thiab hais tias yog vim li cas nws yog tam sim no siv nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim Khokhloma tais diav. Coated hlau hmoov xim khoom. Ces nws yog dua coated nrog cov kua roj vanish thiab ob khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm cov kua roj vanish, thiab ces tus workpiece yog xa mus rau hauv lub cub tawg. Los yeej muaj, pleev xim rau cov khoom tawm ntawm kub twb. Lub siab kub tshwj xeeb txheej hloov xim khoom, thiab cov hlau txheej muab ib tug txawv sheen.

Zoo nkauj thiab muaj zog

Xim yam ntxwv ntawm Khokhloma, tau ua tsaug rau lub tshwj xeeb pes tsawg leeg, lub npog cov qauv. Txawm li cas los, cov nqi ntawm tej khoom tsis tsuas nyob rau hauv lawv cov kev zoo nkauj. Varnish uas tiv thaiv painting, yog tshwj xeeb yog resistant. Nws yog tsis ntshai ntawm tej kub los yog txhua yam kev txiav txim. Khokhloma cov khoom ua si tau yam xyuam xim muab rau cov me nyuam. Txawm yog cov me nyuam txiav txim siab mus txhiv lawv nyob rau hauv cov dej khov dej, nrog pleev xim rau cov tsis muaj dab tsi tshwm sim. Tib mus rau glassware: tais, daim hlau, jugs thiab yeem them Khokhloma, yog tsis ntshai ntawm dej kub los yog txias.

Khokhlomskaya qho khoom ua si keeb kwm

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov kev pab Khokhloma tableware thiab tsev rooj tog. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua XVII, thaum twg, raws li nws yog ntseeg muaj no zoo ntawm painting, tin hmoov twb kim, thiab yog li ntawd cov khoom tsis yog txhua leej txhua tus muaj peev xwm them taus. Maj mam, li cas los xij, nws nyob Khokhloma qho khoom ua si. Drawings siv cov tshuaj hais pib los dai me me nuj nqis ntawm cov tsiaj thiab tib neeg.

Feem ntau cov feem ntau, cov khoom ua si uas ua los ntawm cov ntoo. Nyob khoom zoo workability thiab nqi kuj pheej yig. Rau lub chaw ua khoom ntawm nws cov khoom tswv qho khoom ua si-siv birch, Aspen, ntoo thuv thiab linden. Los ntawm cov teb varied nyob rau hauv lub loj heev ntawm ib tug los yog lwm hom ntoo los rau hauv lub teb ntawm artisans nyiam. Ntawm cov cuab yeej rau qhov siv thiab ua cov khoom ua si siv ib tug taus thiab ib rab riam, tej zaum me ntsis.

Semyonovskaya hohloma

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, sib tham txog pej xeem cov khoom ua si yuav tsum tau ua tsis tiav, yog hais tias koj tsis nco qab lub Matryoshka. Rau ntau, nws yuav ua npaj txhij txog discovery ntawm lub keeb kwm ntawm nws tshwm sim. Matryoshka tuaj rau Russia nyob rau hauv lub lig XIX xyoo pua ... ntawm Nyiv. Cov tsab nws yog ib tug Indian patriarch Djarma leej twg, nyob rau hauv muab rau, siv nyob rau hauv kev yoo mov thiab meditation rau cuaj ntev xyoo, nrog cov uas nws tau poob tawm thiab nws ob txhais tes thiab ob txhais taw. Kuj sage thiab respected nyob rau hauv Nyiv, qhov uas nws coj Vajtswv thiab hu ua Daruma. Heev heev saum portrayed nws tsis muaj caj npab thiab ob txhais ceg. Maj mam muaj ib tug kev lig kev cai yog ib tug mini-puab muab tso rau hauv lwm - thiab thiaj li nyob kom txog thaum lub xya "khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg".

Souvenir hu ua Fukurumu thiab raws li xws li yog nyob rau hauv Russia. Pom nws, cov artist Sergei Malyutin twb tshwm sim los ua ib tug tshiab qho khoom ua si. Es tsis txhob, tus txiv neej laus tsis muaj caj npab thiab txhais ceg, nws portrayed lub red-faced kev zoo nkauj nyob rau hauv ib txoj phuam. Thiab muaj ib tug matryoshka. Maj mam, kev lig kev cai los mus ua kom xws li ib tug qho khoom ua si kom ncav cuag lub nroog Semenov thiab nyob muaj. Masters ua no thiab pleev xim rau me nyuam roj hmab niaj hnub no. Feem ntau cov khoom ua si decorations siv lub thiaj li hu ua Semyonovskaya Khokhloma. Los ntawm nws tsoos feature loj thiab kaj paj, me ntsis txawv xim.

Khokhloma hnub no

Folk crafts thiab sawv hnub no yog xav tsis tau tsuas yog historians. Lawv nrhiav ntau yam ntawm masters los ntawm tej yam yooj yim needlewomen rau nto moo zam designers. Vim lub ceev ceev txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv technology hnub no yog heev yooj yim mus nrhiav tau cov ntaub ntawv uas nyob rau hauv cov kev kawm. Thiab rau lo lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas rau kos Khokhloma qho khoom ua si, koj yuav tau yooj yim nrhiav qhov tseeb teb. Tsim tourism thiab khoom siv tes ua, thaum masters mus tsev ntawm ib daim duab daim ntawv thiab kawm ncaj qha los ntawm nws lub keepers ntawm kev lig kev cai.

Khokhloma cov khoom ua si tseem muaj siab zoo siab cov me nyuam uas muaj tus hlub tag nrho kaj thiab txawv txawv. Muaj ntau cov kws qhia ntawv nrog rau cov aim los tsim nyob rau hauv lawv cov me nyuam kawm ntawv tswv yim zoo txawj thiab tsim kev txaus siab nyob rau hauv cov tsoos kab lis kev cai ntawm kev kawm ntawv, kev kawm ntawv receptions Khokhloma. Lawv paub thiab hwm qhov no zoo ntawm painting thiab txawv teb chaws. Tourists los ntawm txawv teb chaws, rov qab los tsev, coj lub tsev raws li ib tug khoom plig me nyuam roj hmab, chav ua noj lauj kaub tais diav thiab txawm rooj tog them nrog Khokhloma painting. Tam sim no peb muaj peev xwm hais qhov tseeb hais tias qhov no hom ntawm pej xeem cov kos duab tau pom nws me me nyob rau hauv lub niaj hnub ntiaj teb no, thiab ntau tshaj ib tiam yuav tau kev tshoov siab los ntawm nws tus hluas qauv.