Kuaj zaub nroj tsuag: hom thiab cov yam ntxwv

Zaub nroj tsuag - txaus capacious tswvyim, uas yog heev qhov muag plooj rau ib thaj tsam. Lawv thiaj li nyob ruaj khov nyob rau hauv peb lub neej uas peb tsis txawm xav txog qhov tseeb hais tias nws yuav tsum tau ntaus nqi rau lawv, thiab qhov chaw uas lawv tuaj ntawm. Nyob rau hauv horticulture, lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm cov sau qoob yog tau zaub nyob rau hauv lub kawg.

Ib suam ntawm zaub nroj tsuag

Tej yam tshwm sim, uas muaj peev xwm yuav dej num raws li cov zaub nroj tsuag yog loj heev. Lawv yuav tsum tau txawv tsis tsuas morphological yam ntxwv, tab sis kuj lub duration ntawm lub neej voj voog, raws li zoo raws li lub loj hlob tej yam kev mob, lub sij yawm ntawm sau thiab ntau lwm nta. Txawm li cas los, tag nrho cov saum toj no lawm ua rau kev nkag siab rau cov tswv teb, tab sis qhov nruab nrab tau txais kev pab xav nyob rau hauv lub cais ntawm qhov uas yuav tsum tau noj.

Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias cov zaub nroj tsuag thaum xub thawj siab ib muag zoo li yuav sib txawv kiag li, lawv muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm ntau nta, uas ua rau nws tau qhia hais tias yuav lawv nyob rau hauv cov pab pawg neeg. Ib suam ntawm zaub yog ib qho tseem ceeb tsis tau tsuas yog rau tus tswv teb tab sis kuj rau ua noj ua haus, khoom soj ntsuam ntawm, botanists.

Lub botanical kev faib

Cultivated nroj tsuag (zaub), piv txwv ntawm uas muaj ntau yam ntawm peb muaj peev xwm coj tau ib tug nplua mais ntawm txhua txhua hnub xyaum ua yuav tsum txwv kom muab zais nyob ntawm teej tug mus rau ib tug tsev neeg los yog botanical chav kawm ntawv. Nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws, cultivated tsuas yog zaub, teej tug mus rau lub tsev neeg Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae thiab taum. Koj muaj peev xwm kuj tau raws li cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cabbage, Amaryllidaceae, celery thiab goosefoot.

Qhov kom zoo dua ntawm lub botanical kev faib no yog hais tias nws tso cai rau koj mus crop nroj tsuag (zaub) nyob rau hauv tag nrho lawv muaj ntau haiv neeg ntaus nqi mus rau lwm yam kev cov qoob loo, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb thaum loj hlob lawv. Txawm li cas los, ntawm no yog lub tsev rau cov kev pab yog heev yooj yim, raws li rau zoo tib yam gardeners.

Ib suam ntawm lub neej expectancy

Qhov no kev faib yog feem ntau yooj yim rau tib yam gardeners amateurs uas tsis muaj nyob rau hauv-tob paub ntawm botany. Raws li txoj kev sib ncaim, qhov zoo ntawm cov zaub nroj tsuag yog txhais raws li ib tug txhua xyoo, biennial thiab perennial.

Annuals yog txawv nyob rau hauv hais tias lawv muaj ib lub neej voj voog pib sowing thiab xaus nrog lub tsim ntawm noob, qhov chaw nyob rau hauv ib xyoo. Cov muaj xws li: .. tag, eggplant, tag, dib, taub zucchini, radishes, thiab lwm yam Feem ntau ntawm lawv yog paub rau peb los ntawm thaum yau thiab yog tam sim no nyob peb lub rooj yuav luag txhua txhua hnub.

Nyob rau hauv ib tug biennial nroj tsuag nyob rau thawj xyoo xwb ib tug rosette ntawm nplooj peev xwm yuav tsim, raws li zoo raws li lub tsim kabmob, uas muaj peev xwm accumulate tej zeem cia cov as-ham. Ces, thaum lwm climatic tej yam kev mob yog unfavorable, lawv nkag mus rau hauv lub thiaj li hu ua lub sij hawm ntawm so. Thiab ntawm no yog tus thib ob xyoo cov nroj tsuag twb pib tsim lub qia thiab paj, thiab ces tsim thiab ripen txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Cov muaj xws li: beets, dos, zaub qhwv, carrots, zaub txhwb qaib, thiab lwm yam li ib txwm thiab paub zaub.

Perennials yog tsis yog li ntawd ntau nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws thiab yog zus tsuas yog nyob rau hauv me me nyiaj. Nroj tsuag Zaub kab lis kev cai ntawm no tsiaj nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo ntawm lub neej cov ntaub ntawv uas tsuas cov hauv paus hniav, nplooj thiab buds. Tab sis lawv tsim kabmob lawv tsim tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub thib ob thiab thib peb xyoo ntawm lub neej. Muaj ntau ntawm cov hau kev los mus nyob peb - tsib lub xyoos. Perennials yog zoo li tus biennials uas lub caij ntuj no lawv tuaj mus rau dormancy thiab pib redistribute cov as-ham.

Rau perennials muaj xws li: cov qij, artichoke, dib qaub, asparagus, sorrel, Welsh dos, thiab ntau lwm tus neeg. Interestingly, ntau annuals thiab yuav tau zus raws li perennials. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj siv cov sau qoob rau hauv greenhouses. Nws yog tseem tau, thiab rov qab. Piv txwv li, thaum ib tug ntev thiab txias caij nplooj ntoos hlav carrots thiab beets tej zaum yuav pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo.

Classification rau lub caij ntawm lub vegetative lub sij hawm , thiab ib tug qauv ntawm cov loj hlob

Zaub nroj tsuag, piv txwv ntawm uas tau muab nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm tau kuj tau txwv kom muab zais raws li qhov ntev ntawm lawv loj hlob lub sij hawm. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, peb yuav tsum tau qhia thaum ntxov, nruab nrab thiab lig ntau yam. Tab sis raws li cov qauv ntawm cov loj hlob ob lub ntsiab hom peev xwm yuav txawv: nqhuab thiab Hothouse.

Hauv pem teb zaub nroj tsuag npaj rau cov sau qoob rau hauv lub qhib field, tab sis Hothouse - heev dua lwm yam rau cov sau qoob nyob rau hauv greenhouses los yog nyob rau hauv greenhouses. Txawm li cas los, tsuas yog cov uas tsis muaj-loj hlob zaub yuav zus nyob rau hauv ib tug tsev cog khoom. Tam sim no, txawm li cas los, rau cov sau qoob rau ntawm cov nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv greenhouses tag nrho cov tsawg yuav siv rau hauv av. Feem ntau cov feem ntau, cov hauv paus hniav ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog muab tso rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb tshuaj, uas muaj ib tug blend ntawm qhov tseem ceeb as-ham. Tab sis muaj ib tug xaav hais tias cov zaub zus nyob rau hauv no txoj kev, tsis tsuas yog tsis pab, thiab txawm vice versa - yuav ua mob rau tus tib neeg lub cev. Cov nqi ntau tshaj yog tseem unpaved zaub.

Classification thiab cia zoo tshaj ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus siv nyob rau hauv lub

Kom zoo thiab txiav txim seb lub peev xwm ntawm ib tug zaub khw. Nyob rau hauv no kev twb kev txuas peb yeej paub zaub nroj tsuag, uas yuav mus rau hauv ib lub xeev ntawm so, thiab cov neeg uas tsis muaj xws li cov khoom.

Raws li uas yog ib feem ntawm cov nroj tsuag muaj peev xwm yuav noj mov, ob tug loj pawg yuav tsum tau qhia: txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub, los yog generative thiab vegetative. Cov thawj pab pawg neeg no muaj xws li cereals zaub nroj tsuag, taub dag thiab nightshade. Thiab ntawm no yog tus thib ob kab sab raws li cov peb txhua tus, cov hauv paus hniav, tuber, noob zaub, cov nplooj sprout thiab kab lis kev cai.

Qhov no kev faib yog feem ntau yooj yim rau tib yam kev pab thiab rau distributors ntawm zaub.

Txiv hmab txiv ntoo zaub nroj tsuag

Lub qhov txawv cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov zaub yog pom tau hais tias yuav qhov zoo tshaj yuav tau hais tias yog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm ib tug zaub. Ib txhia ntawm lawv muaj peev xwm muab nws nyob rau hauv ib theem ntawm botanical siav lawm, lwm leej lwm tus - nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm kev kom loj hlob. Cov no muaj xws li tag nrho cov nyiam watermelons, txiv lws suav, tag, taub, thiab ntau lwm tus neeg. Cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau tsim tej yam kev mob thiaj li hais tias lawv yog sai li sai tau pib loj hlob tuaj thiab tsim txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yog tsim nyog ua hais txog ntawm lawv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj nyob rau hauv ib co degree ntawm qhov yuav siav lawm.

Nta ntawm sau qoob rau zaub nroj tsuag

Cultivated nroj tsuag (zaub), piv txwv uas yuav nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm, thiab ib co nta loj hlob. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov nws muaj nqis ntsoov teev hais tias lub xeem qhov chaw ntawm no plays lub site layout. Ua ntej koj twb paub lawm nws, koj yuav tsum tau sim rau kawm ua liaj ua teb kev uas zaub uas koj xav mus faus rau nws ntawm qhov chaw.

Lom nta ntawm cov neeg los yog lwm yam nroj tsuag los kuj ua rau kom lub fact tias nws yog tsim nyog los xaiv lub climatic tej yam kev mob ntawm ib qho kev zaub. Zaub nroj tsuag muaj ib qho yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv lawv cov sau qoob: nws yog tsis yooj yim sua rau ob peb xyoo nyob rau ntawm ib yam los yog ib yam nroj cog nyob rau tib qhov chaw. Tus so ntawm lub loj hlob yuav tsum xaiv purely ib tug neeg, raws li tau zoo raws li nyob tus yeees ntawm cov av thiab tus nqi ntawm cov chiv uas yuav tsum tau.

Classification V. I. Edelshteyna

Soviet paub txog Edelstein tau tsim ib tug tshwj xeeb kev faib tawm, ua rau nws tau mus rau faib lub zaub nroj tsuag yog tsis tsuas lom, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv agro-kev mob. Raws li qhov no faib tau yuav muab faib rau peb cov zaub: zaub qhwv, cov hauv paus hniav, tuber, qhov muag, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nplooj, perennial thiab nceb.

Txhua yam ntawm cov chav kawm ntawv tau faib thiab tsev neeg.

General kev faib

Nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, qhov no faib yuav tsis yog yuav hu ua kev, qhov ntau nws yog tsim los rau cov kev pab. Nws zaub yog tsis grouped los ntawm tej yam cwj pwm ntawd, li cas los xij, sawv tawm hom xws li tubers, keeb kwm, rhizome nroj tsuag, zaub qhwv, cov nplooj, ntsim, dos, soob, taub dag, taum, cereal, dessert. Tab sis tus txiv puv luj, rau txhua leej txhua tus surprise, tus zaum tsis tau txiav txim siab tsis tau tsis zaub los yog txiv hmab txiv ntoo.