Leif Eriksson - Viking sab America ua ntej Columbus

Leif Erikson (saib duab hauv qab no.) - tus naas ej Viking, uas yog nyob rau hauv America tsib centuries ua ntej Columbus. Tsuas yog navigator, tsis zoo li lub Genoese tsis ntxiv cov kev tshawb fawb thiab me ntsis populated lub teb chaws. Nyob rau tom ntej no 500 xyoo tsis muaj European twb tsis tau mus xyuas lub teb chaws Amelikas no. Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm, peb yuav qhia me ntsis rau koj txog Scandinavian mus txawv tebchaws thiab nws cov txheeb ze.

Leif Eriksson. Ua li cas nws pheej nrhiav tau?

Cov lus nug txog seb Europeans xyuas America ua ntej Columbus, nws tau ntev lawm muaj teeb meem. Muaj ob sagas uas piav qhia txog mus txawv tebchaws Leif Eriksson thiab nws cov kwv tij - "dabneeg ntawm Erik Liab" thiab "dabneeg ntawm lub Greenlanders". Tab sis ob qho tag nrho tej hauj lwm tsim nyob rau hauv lub XIII xyoo pua, uas yog, ob puas xyoo tom qab cov txheej xwm piav. Yog li ntawd, narrative yog ib tug dawb paraphrase thiab txhais ntawm yog dab tsi tshwm sim. Txawm li cas los, ib tug mysterious Vinland, uas pom muaj nyob rau Vikings, yog hais los ntawm Adas ntawm Bremen (medieval chronicler). Yeej muaj tseeb, lub caij nyoog kawg no piav nws cov lus ntawm tus huab tais ntawm Denmark Sven tsev ntawm estridsen.

Thaum kawg, cov lus nug cleared tsuas yog tom qab tus foundations ntawm Canadian archaeologists. Labrador thiab Newfoundland, lawv pom qhov chaw Viking qhov chaw. Tom qab hais tias, tsis muaj ib tug tsis tau hais tias Leif Eriksson sab America ua ntej Columbus. Txawm tias yog koj ntseeg tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov "dabneeg ntawm grenladtsah", lub Viking tseem suav ob tug. Discoverer of America - Bjarni Heryulfson.

Qhov kawg ntawm lub thib kaum rau caug xyoo, nws cov kwv tij mus Greenland. Huddling nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev los lawv Bjarni pom nyob rau hauv lub qab ntug rau hauv lub teb chaws. Heryulfson tsis mus nyob tim ntug dej, tab sis thaum nws mus txog Greenland, hais nyob rau hauv kom meej txog txhua yam uas lawv tau pom cov neeg nyob ze. Leif Eriksson xav nyob rau hauv nws zaj dab neeg. Leej Tub Erik Liab, uas nrhiav tau cov thawj South Greenland Viking kev sib hais haum, sai sai pom tau hais tias feem ntau ntawm cov no lossis loj kob yog uninhabited. northward ua ntej yog ib tug pheej hmoo ua thiab txaus ntshai. Nyob rau lwm cov tes, nws Corporate ntoo los tsim kom tau ships. Tab sis hais tias tsis tau nres lub Viking.

Tus foundations ntawm tshiab pawg neeg thaj av

Leif Eriksson yuav Bjarni lub nkoj nyob rau hauv. Tom qab ntawd nws tau koom ua ke ib pab neeg ntawm 35 tus neeg thiab taws sab hnub poob. Ob hnub tom qab, tus Scandinavians muaj sab lub puam, hais txog tej uas hais Heryulfson. Xyuas qhov chaw ntawm Leif yees npe: Thaj av ntawm volcanoes (Helluland), hav zoov av (Markland) thiab hmap av (Vinland). Twb nws yog lub npe hu uas qhov chaw ntawm Greenland pom Eriksson. Markland - ib tug Labrador, thiab Helluland - Baffin Island. Tsuas yog qhov chaw ntawm Vinland kom deb li deb yog muaj teeb meem. Nws yog muaj hais tias cov Viking nres rau lub caij ntuj no, thiab ces rov qab los tsev.

Travelling tsev neeg

Tom qab tus foundations ntawm Greenland Eriksson ua cov kev npaj rau colonization tshiab cheeb tsam. Inspired los ntawm cov lus ntawm Leif, kuv mus ua luam dej nyob rau hauv nws tus tij laug Thorvald. Tsis ntev nws tau txais mus rau America thiab muaj peev xwm los tsim ib tug hais sib haum muaj. Tab sis lub colony yog short-lived. Ib xyoo tom qab, lub Vikings ntsib nrog cov aggression ntawm neeg nyob hauv zos. Khab tua yuav luag tag nrho cov neeg. Nyob rau hauv lub sib ntaus sib tua tua nws tus kheej Torvald.

Qhov thib ob kwv tij Leif - Thorstein - kuj sailed rau sab hnub poob. Yeej muaj tseeb, America nws yeej tsis mus txog. Thaj, lub nkoj thaum ntxov Thorstein muab sab qab teb. Raws li lwm version, Viking sailed mus rau lub Hudson lub Bay, thiab ces poob siab ntev thiab tuaj rov qab. Tom qab ntawd Erik Liab tej kwvtij tau ua lwm ob los yog peb campaigns, tab sis tsis tau mus nce ib foothold nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws.

mysterious Vinland

Thaj, nyob rau hauv no lub npe hides Newfoundland. Vikings sab los ntawm cov archaeologists rau cov kob ntawm chaw nres tsheb ntsees hais tias lawv twb tuaj nyob rau thaum pib ntawm lub XI caug xyoo. Tsuas yog tus lub npe yog yuam kev lawm. Leej twg mus xyuas cov kob, yeej paub txog qhov me me naj npawb ntawm cov loj hlob cov txiv hmab. Yog li ntawd, muaj coob tus neeg ntseeg tias Leif Eriksson, uas nws biography yog lub npe hu mus rau tag nrho Scandinavians tshuav Labrador rau New England. Thiab muaj yog cia li ib tug ntau ntawm txiv hmab qus lawm.

Kws txawj tau nug no ziag no. Leif yog ib tug heev txog tej navigator. Nws pom dab tsi nws twb nrhiav tau rau, thiab yog tsis zoo li yuav tsum tau ua taus, mus rau sab qab teb. Nws muaj lwm yam versions ntawm lub keeb kwm ntawm lub npe Vinland. Ib tug ntawm lawv hais tias Leif Ericsson tau christened no av uas txawv heev. Thaum lub sij hawm, lub npe twb distorted, thiab nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no nws kawm Danish Korol Sven, uas hais rau tag nrho chronicled Adas ntawm Bremen. Raws li lwm version, lub npe ntawm Vinland yog advertising. Yog li Eriksson sim coj mus rau cov kob lub tshiab settlers. Nyob rau hauv dej siab ntawm no ziag no yog qhov tseeb hais tias vim hais tias cov tib Greenland - qhov no yog tsis yog ib tug ntsuab ntiaj teb raws li nws lub npe implies.