Lub suab paj nruag ua haujlwm. Hom ntawv thiab cov ntawv

Nyob hauv txoj kev dav tshaj, ib qho suab paj nruag yog ib qho kev ua si (instrumental los yog suab lus), uas yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua ub no. Nws yog tsi ntsees nrog kev ua tiav, kev sau ntawv thiab cov ntsiab lus, kev kho cov cim suab paj nruag rau lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov kev ua tau zoo tom ntej.

Daim ntawm cov suab paj nruag tej zaum yuav monophonic (suab paj nruag thiab accompaniment) thiab polyphonic (polyphony, homophony). Nws tuaj yeem sawv cev rau ob tus neeg sab nraud, thiab yog ib feem ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab los yog ua yeeb yam. Cov peculiarity thiab uniqueness ntawm txhua tus composer creation yog tiav los ntawm ntau tus txhais tau tias, xws li kev sib haum xeeb, tempo, harmony, meter, dynamics, atherosclerosis, suab paj nruag.

Lub sij hawm "suab paj nruas ib hom ntawv" yog siv los piav qhia cov haujlwm sib txawv raws li lawv keeb kwm thiab hom kev ua tau zoo.

Ntev txij thaum muaj ntau zaj nkauj (puag ncig, kev cai, kev ua haujlwm, thiab lwm yam) tau nrog lub neej ntawm cov neeg thiab ua rau cov tub rog los ua kom yeej. Li ntawd, muaj ntau yam suab paj nruag. Ib yam ntxwv ntawm cov nkauj yog cov rov ua dua ntawm lub suab paj nruag, lub suab paj nruag tseem ceeb.

Romance yog ib hom ntawv ntawm suab paj nruag uas tshwm nyob rau xyoo 19th. Qhov hauj lwm no rau tus neeg hu nkauj nrog kev ntaus nkauj.

Tsis zoo li txoj kev hlub, cov ntaub ntawv choral yog tsim los rau kev ua yeeb yam los ntawm kev hu nkauj coob coob hauv kev sib txuas lus los yog cappella (tsis muaj accompaniment).

Cantata yog ib qho kev ua suab paj nruag es npaj rau kev ua yeeb yam los ntawm ib tus neeg hu nkauj - ib tug soloist (los yog hu nkauj ua ke) thiab ib lub orchestra. Cov hauj lwm ntawm qhov ib hom ntawv tau muab sau rau ib lub sij hawm ntev hauv kev hawm ntawm ib qho tseem ceeb hnub thiab tau muab kho rau qhov. Txawm li cas los xij, kuj muaj lyrical, piav qhia cantatas.

Lub oratorio yog ib qho loj suab paj nruas thiab ua yeeb yam. Nws tsis yog koom nrog kev ua yeeb yam thiab yog npaj rau kev ua haujlwm los ntawm pawg hu nkauj, soloist thiab orchestra.

Opera yog cov suab paj nruag thiab ua yeeb yam uas muaj kev ua yeeb yam thiab ntaus nkauj. Lub ntsiab feature ntawm no ib hom ntawv nyeem yog tias hais lus lam hloov cov hu nkauj.

Cov suab paj nruag hom yeeb yam tau tsim tom qab suab. Lawv muaj ib daim ntawv thov. Cov suab paj nruag nrog kev lom zem, kev ua si, kev ua kev cai dab qhuas, lub nroog pob. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th, cov yeeb yam tshiab, ntxaum nyob hauv lub ntsiab lus thiab cov ntsiab lus, tshwm sim.

Sonata yog ib qho khoom xyaw uas feem ntau muaj peb qho khoom sib txawv (ceev-qeeb-ceev). Ib me ntsis tom qab nyob rau hauv kev ua hauj lwm ntawm L. Beethoven muaj plaub feem ua haujlwm ntawm no ib hom ntawv nyeem.

Symphony - lub suab paj nruag muaj pes tsawg tus npaj rau kev ua yeeb yam los ntawm tag nrho symphony orchestra. Ib yam li lub sonata, qhov no ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv classical version muaj peb qhov chaw. Nws yog qhov txawv ntawm lub ntim loj, ntau cov ntsiab lus thiab cov lus ntawm cov lus siv melodic.

Kev hais kwv txhiaj - ib lub suab paj nruag ua hauj lwm npaj rau kev ua yeeb yam ntawm ib lub orchestra thiab solo instrument. Feem ntau, cov ua haujlwm ntawm hom ntawv sau no tau muab sau rau hauv ib qho ntawm peb daim duab, tab sis qee zaus ib leeg tuaj yeem pom ib feem hauv kev ua yeeb yam.

Suab paj nruas daim ntawv

Cov tswvyim no yog qhia los ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm cov khoom hauv qhov khoom. Yog li, ob-daim ntawv muaj ob seem, feem ntau yog qhov sib txawv hauv qhov xwm txheej. Peb-ib feem - los ntawm peb, thiab qhov thib peb thiab thib peb yog zoo ib yam lus hauv hom lus melodic thiab xav li cas, thiab nruab nrab - yog qhov sib txawv rau lawv. Variations yog ib qho kev hloov kho ntawm lub ntsiab motif (ntsiab lus).

Muaj lwm cov suab paj nruag, xws li rondo (lub ntsiab lus rov ua ib qho hauv ib daim ntawv tsis sib hloov), cyclical (nws muaj ob peb yam khoom sib koom ua ke los ntawm ib lub tswv yim xwb) thiab dawb (nrhiav tau hauv cov suab paj nruag niaj hnub).