Major lub zos ntawm Belarus. Cov pejxeem ntawm lub zos nyob rau hauv Belarus

Koom pheej ntawm Belarus - yog ib lub xeev nyob rau hauv Eastern Europe. Capital - lub nroog ntawm Minsk. Belarus rau sab hnub tuaj los ntawm Russia, Ukraine nyob rau hauv sab qab teb, nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub poob ntawm Poland, nyob rau hauv lub qaum teb hnub poob ntawm Lithuania thiab Latvia.

Ib me ntsis me ntsis txog lub teb chaws

Lub xeev yog muab faib ua rau cheeb tsam thiab 117 ntawv. Tus xov tooj ntawm lub zos nyob rau hauv Belarus nce mus txog 102, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, muaj 109 townships. Lub teb chaws tus pej xeem, raws li cov kev suav pej xeem ua nyob rau hauv 2003, 10.3 lab cov neeg. Ntawm no, 80% Belarusians, 12% Lavxias teb sab, 5% Tug, 2.5% Ukrainian. Pejxeem Belarus lub zos yog 71% ntawm tag nrho cov.

Lub ntsiab dej leeg - ib tug dej (nrog tributaries Sozh, Pripyat, Berezina), Western Dvina dej (ib tug tributary Vilia) thiab Western Kab laum. Muaj ntau dua kaum txhiab lub pas dej, qhov loj tshaj plaws yog Naroch Lukomlskoe, Drisvyaty thiab Osveiskoye. Tshaj ib feem peb ntawm cov chaw uas zoo heev nyob los ntawm cov marshes. Peb lub teb chaws yog them nrog forests, mas coniferous, tab sis nyob rau hauv sab qab teb muaj cov hornbeam, Maple, ntoo qhib, tshauv.

Major lub zos nyob rau hauv Belarus

Wb tau ntsib nrog rau feem ntau populated cheeb tsam ntawm lub teb chaws. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd muaj yog tsuas yog tsib ntawm lub peev. Yog li ntawd, qhov loj lub zos nyob rau hauv Belarus: Brest, Vitebsk, Grodno, Gomel thiab Mogilev. Ntawm no yog peb xav txog qhov kev koom rau lawv nyob ib qhov chaw, li cas los xij, lub gradation ntawm cov pejxeem tej zaum yuav txawv. Piv txwv li, lub nroog ntawm Brest yog tus thib ob tom qab Minsk - nws chaw uas zoo heev yog 146 square kilometers. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov pejxeem nws nahoditsyavsego xwb nyob rau hauv rau qhov chaw thiab ua tsis tau zoo mus rau lub capital, Gomel, Mogilev, Vitebsk thiab Grodno. Yog li ntawd, feem ntau cov loj nroog ntawm lub teb chaws yog Minsk, nrog rau ib cheeb tsam ntawm 348 km ^2. Tom ntej tsib yog hom twg los ntawm 118 mus 146 km ^2. Cov nram qab no cov neeg thov kev nyob rau hauv daim ntawv teev cov coob lub zos tsis tau hla txawm txawv teb chaws nyob rau hauv 90 km ² - yog Bobruisk thiab Baranovichi.

Belarus nroog nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov pejxeem

Tam sim no, mus saib daim ntawv teev cov coob koom ntawm lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj ntawm cov pejxeem nyob rau hauv lawv. Peb twb raug nplua li cov piv txwv ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias ib tug loj cheeb tsam tsis tas sib haum mus rau cov pej xeem thiab ntau ceev. Yog li ntawd, lub nroog nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm Belarus: Minsk (1.9 lab cov neeg), Gomel (512 txhiab), Mogilev (370,000), Vitebsk (363 000), Grodno (356,000), Brest (330,000). Raws li Bobruisk thiab Baranovichi - 217 txhiab thiab 177 txhiab feem.

Tam sim no xav txog nyob rau hauv ntau yam lub zos loj ntawm Belarus.

Minsk

Phem tongues hais tias yog txaus rau ob hnub mus tshawb tag nrho cov Minsk. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, chasing attractions nyob rau hauv lub zos no yog tsis tsim nyog. Thawj hnub yog pom zoo kom cia li taug kev raws tus avenue, koj yuav tsis txawm coj raws li ib daim ntawv qhia, vim hais tias Minsk yog ib tug monument nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej - ib tug monument ntawm Soviet architecture. Nws yuav siv sij hawm heev tej lub sij hawm, thiab lub zos no yuav tsum tau ua ib qho qhib saum huab cua tsev cia puav pheej, symbolizing lub era ntawm socialism. Txawm li cas los, tag nrho cov ntawm cov lus hais txog xwb rau qhov chaw ntawm Minsk. Ntawm no muaj cov "laus" nroog, muaj ib tug keeb kwm ib ntau tshaj cuaj puas xyoo. Antiques lovers yuav mus xyuas lub Cathedral thiab lub zos Hall, tshawb lub ancient tsev. Ib tug feature tshwj xeeb ntawm Minsk tej zaum yuav hu ua zoo kawg huv, friendliness ntawm passers-by thiab unhurried pace ntawm lub neej, muaj tswj kav ib tug tiag tiag cosmic siab.

Brest

Qhov no lub nroog-hero thiab lub Soviet cov tub rog uas tuag tiv thaiv lub fortress ntawm tib lub npe nrog nws nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov hnub ntawm lub Great Patriotic ua tsov ua rog, txhua txhua schoolboy paub lub Soviet Union. Brest - yog kev txom nyem rau outskirts ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Belarus. Qhov no ancient lub nroog, nyob rau ciam teb ntawm peb lub teb chaws - Russia, Poland thiab Lithuania, nyob rau hauv nws cov keeb kwm, tau hais ntau ntau zaus lawm rov yeeb ncuab. Nws twb cia torn sib nrug heev, puas lawm, hlawv thiab txawm txav los ntawm ib qhov chaw mus rau lwm lub. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, Brest yuav tsis khav ntawm architectural masterpieces, tus hiob vaj tse hnub rov qab mus rau lub xyoo pua puv 19. Tab sis nyob rau ib feem ntawm tag nrho cov hom ntawm myths xwb thiab tsis paub txog lub nroog tau ua tau zoo. Yog vim li cas tsuas yog qhov seem tsis totaub li cas txuj ci tseem ceeb fwm rau peb hnub tus ancient citadel ntawm ntoo (raws li nws tsuas yog tau ciaj sia hauv ob ntiaj teb ua tsov ua rog?), Los yog tsis pub leejtwg paub nqe vaj lug kub khawb nyob rau hauv lub fortress. Tus thawj mention ntawm Brest raws li ib tug zoo-tsim lub zos, nyob rau hauv lub "taleas ntawm bygone Xyoo" (1019). Hnub yog tam sim no suav hais tias yog lub nroog lub founding xyoo.

Vitebsk - Chagall Paris

Nws yog nyob rau hauv no lub npe Vitebsk paub thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb no. Ntawm no kuv tau yug los rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no-nrov avant-garde artist. Chagall kawm nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg rau ib ntev lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv Paris. Txawm li cas los, nws tseem rov qab mus rau lawv cov hearth thiab cov tsev , thiab txawm lub koom haum, no Huv Art College.

Tshawb lub nroog ntawm Belarus, Vitebsk yuav zam tsis, vim hais tias nws yuav xyuam xim yuav hu ua tus ntsuj plig ntawm lub teb chaws no. Ntawm no nws yog fwm antiquity aroma thiab lub teb chaws xim. Raws li Legend, lub nroog twb nrhiav tau los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm tus ntxhais fuabtais Olga nyob rau hauv 974 xyoo. Nws twb nyob rau ib tug tibneeg hu tauj coob lag luam tawm lawv "los ntawm lub Vikings rau lub Greeks." Olga tau ntxim los ntawm tus extraordinary fusion ntawm kev zoo nkauj Vitba dej thiab lub Western Dvina. Qhov no kev zoo nkauj yog li ntawd Vaj kub siab heev rau nws hais tias nws qw hais tias: "Cia nws yuav sawv ntawm no lub nroog ntawm Vitebsk." Ntawm no thiab tam sim no nws ua rau yus nws cov keeb kwm los ntawm qhov kev tshwm sim. Thaum nws tseem pab tau kom koj nco ntsoov hais tias muaj yog mention ntawm ib tug kev sib hais haum no Krivichy txawm nyob rau hauv lub cuaj caug xyoo. Cov yooj yim qhov chaw ntawm lub nroog lag luam sawv nws nyob rau hauv cov neeg pluag kev pab cuam nyob rau hauv cov tub rog. Nws, zoo li Brest, nws tau hais ntau ntau zaus rov rau tus yeeb ncuab pab tub rog, tab sis muaj peev xwm mus los ntawm tag nrho cov kev nyuaj siab thiab niaj hnub no yog cov daim ntawv teev cov "zoo nkauj tshaj plaws lub nroog nyob rau hauv Belarus."

Grodno

Nws yog twj ywm thiab nyob ntsiag to nroog. Nws yog nto moo rau grandiose phab ntsa, tsa ntev ua ntej cov tsos ntawm cov tam sim no capital ntawm Belarus. Cov qhia tawm ntawm Grodno poob, tej zaum feem ntau ntawm tag nrho cov kev txom nyem nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog lwm lub zos ntawm cov koom pheej. Thiab tsuas ua tsaug rau lub qub tsev fuabtais nrog nws robust phab ntsa, lub nroog muaj kev tswj kom ciaj sia. Thaum lub sij hawm lub Great Northern ua tsov ua rog Grodno tseem poob. Lub tsev fuabtais yog cia razed rau hauv av. Tom qab ntawd nyob rau hauv nws qhov chaw twb tsis ua tsawg majestic thiab zoo nkauj Tshiab Tsev fuabtais, adorning lub nroog mus hnub no.

Tshawb lub nroog ntawm Belarus, attentive neeg yuav pom ib tug feature Grodno xam qhovkev nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov teb chaws, tab sis tshwj xeeb yog kom meej meej pom nyob ntawm no. Qhov no av tau yeej ib txwm tau ib tug multi-kev cai dab qhuas - yog peacefully pa roj carbon monoxide-muaj nyob rau hauv lub zej zog cov neeg Yudais, Catholics, Muslims, Lutherans, Orthodox, thiab txawm lub qub ntseeg. Nyob rau hauv Grodno, koj yuav saib tau lub zej zog Lutheran lub tsev teev ntuj thiab ib tug tsev teev, ib mosque thiab ib tug ntseeg lub tsev teev ntuj.

Gomel

Zoo li feem ntau ancient lub zos, Gomel tsis nco txog nws xyoo yug. Tus thawj mention ntawm nws nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm lub kaum ob xyoo pua. Txawm li cas los, peb paub tau hais tias lub nroog twb existed, thiab thaum twg nws nrhiav tau, nws yog tsis paub. Nws Detinets nyob rau ib lub promontory, uas yog tsim los ntawm lub tsev txhab nyiaj rau ntawm tus dej Sozh thiab sab laug bank ntawm lub kwj Gomiyuk, tam sim no ib ncig ntawm lub Gomel Park. Raws li archaeological cov ntaub ntawv, nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 11th muaj tau tsim jeweller-bronze casting, iron-, tais diav ntim chaws, ntoo, lub txhab raus phom thiab pob txha txiav handicrafts. Los ntawm cov lag luam tawm tseem khiav Gomel twb kev cob cog rua nrog Kiev, Chernigov, North Rus, Smolensk, Volyn thiab Byzantium. Niaj hnub no, lub zos no yog ib tug ntawm cov zoo nkauj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws, muaj ib tug nplua nuj kev cai, keeb kwm thiab kev muaj peev xwm, muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb style thiab tsos. Niaj hnub no Gomel tau tsim kev lag luam, kab lis kev cai, science; Qhov no socio-thoj center thiab ib qho tseem ceeb tsheb thauj mus los hub. Nws heev ib qho kev zoo thaj txoj hauj lwm txhawb rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub teb chaws kev khwv nyiaj txiag. Ntawm lwm yam, Gomel yog kev txawj ntse qhov chaw ntawm lub teb chaws, raws li tau zoo raws li ib tug venue rau loj ntaus pob ncaws pob thiab kev cai txheej xwm. Qhov no yog lub nroog tsob ntoo-lined hom, ancient vaj tse, vas ntses txiv ntseej, sab txoj thiab lub extraordinary cov neeg uas siv tau los ua nws zaj dab neeg.

Mogilev

Rau cov thawj lub sij hawm lub zos no yog hais nyob rau hauv lub "Daim ntawv teev cov Lavxias teb sab lub zos, nyob deb thiab nyob ze" (14th century). Los ntawm lub sij hawm no, Mogilev ib feem ntawm cov neeg pej xeem Duchy ntawm Lithuania, thiab nyob rau hauv lub kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua, nws mus rau hauv lub muaj Jadwiga - tus poj niam ntawm lub Polish huab tais thiab yog ib feem ntawm lub Lithuanian tub huabtais Jagiello. Muaj ntau ntau legends uas piav txog cov tsos ntawm tas.

Niaj hnub nimno Mogilev nplua nuj nyob rau hauv architectural monuments, xws li lub complex ntawm St. Nicholas convent. Muaj yog ib tug laus Christian lub tsev teev ntuj los ntawm thaum ntxov 16th caug xyoo. Nyob rau hauv lub nroog qhov chaw koj yuav saib tau lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm St. Stanislaus twb ua nyob rau hauv 1752. Keeb nws tau koom rau cov kev txiav txim ntawm Carmelites, tab sis los ntawm decree ntawm Catherine lub Great twb muab tso nyob rau hauv tus npis sov lub chaw nyob. Nyob rau hauv 1785, lub siab nroog ncej ua tau ib tug zoo nkauj palace orthodox daim duab ntawm lub 18th caug xyoo - Georgiya Konisskogo. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, muaj tseem ib tug ntau ntawm cov vaj tse uas 18-19 centuries thiab ib tug memorial koov ntawm lub sij hawm, lub tsev regional ua yeeb yam thiab tus qub zos council.

Belarus - ib tug appendage ntawm Russia?

Feem ntau ntawm Russians perceive lub teb chaws no raws li ib yam ntawm cov "xeev" ntawm ib zaug zoo Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws ua tsis tau zoo rau Russia ob leeg los ntawm hwv ciam teb, thiab nyob rau cov kev cai thiab keeb kwm tseem ceeb. Yog hais tias koj thov kom cov hluas tiam, uas lub zos nyob rau hauv Belarus, ob peb heev neeg tau lub npe txawm ob los yog peb koom, tshwj tsis yog rau lub capital ntawm cov koom pheej. Txawm li cas los, tej cwj pwm kev mus rau lub xeev kev ncaj ncees, thiab kev pom zoo los ntawm lub "xeev" tsis txhob sawv ntsug rau tseem fwv saib ntsoov. Nws yog ntawm no uas tau tsim thiab rau centuries Duchy ntawm Lithuania, tsim castles, zoo nkauj lis kev cai thiab architectural monuments, ntau yam uas yuav tsum tau pom niaj hnub no. Qhov ntawd yog zoo li ib tug zoo kawg nkaus lub teb chaws - Belarus. City (uas yog saum toj no, thiab lwm yam, me me nyob rau hauv loj, tab sis tsis nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm muaj nqis) ntawm lub koom pheej paub meej tias qhov no. Muaj ib tug ntawm lawv nyob ze kev xeem muaj peev xwm mus nrhiav tau lub deepest keeb kwm khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg. Yog li ntawd, lo lus nug ntawm "provincialism" ntawm Belarus tsawg kawg yog tsis yog.