Metonymy - nws yog ib yam dab tsi tsis muaj uas peb cov lus yuav poob expressiveness

Paj lug-kev paub qhia lo txhais tau tias cov lus yog dav siv tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv poetic ntawv, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv prose. Muaj ntau ntawm lawv tau ua ib feem ntawm peb lub neej txhua hnub, los ntawm cov khees paug mus rau hauv lub zais metaphors, personifications thiab thiaj li nyob. Ib qho ntawm feem nthuav lus phenomena - metonymy.

Lus Txhais thiab piv txwv

Cov tshwm sim ntawm tropes raws li associative mus khoom, phenomena, zog, qualities. Txoj ntsiab cai tib yog tsim los pab metonymy. Lub sij hawm originates los ntawm cov Greek lus thiab txhais tau tias "rename". Qhov ntawd yog metonymy - ib tug hloov, hloov, kev siv ntawm ib yam khoom los yog tshwm sim los hloov lwm. Piv txwv li, Pushkin hu ua lub hnub ntawm Lavxias teb sab paj huam, paub nws kuj zoo kawg luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv kos duab thiab ntaub ntawv. Qhov no sib piv yog li ntawd zus ua ke nyob rau hauv peb lub paj hlwb cov duab ntawm lub kws sau paj lug, hais tias thaum peb hnov los yog nyeem cov lus no, koj yuav txais to taub txog leej twg tham txog. Los yog, hais tias "Hollywood", peb txhais li cas tsis yog li ntawd ntau npaum li cas ib tug thaj feature, raws li tus naas ej American "American Idol."

Nws yog tseeb hais tias metonymy - nws yog siv cov lo lus los yog tej nqe lus nyob rau hauv lub paj lug kev txiav txim zoo. Lub keeb kwm ntawm no phenomenon pw nyob rau hauv lub sib sib zog nqus yav dhau los ntawm noob neej. Thaum qhov kaj ntug ntawm nws thaum yau (kuj metonymy) ancient txiv neej ntseeg hais tias nws lub neej yog nkaus nyob rau qhov zoo thiab kev phem rog. Sim dag ntxias cov dab phem, nws muab ib tug muab ob npaug rau npe rau lawv tus kheej thiab lawv cov me nyuam - ib tug tiag tiag, thiab nws twb khaws cia tsis pub leejtwg paub, thiab lwm - deception, thiab nws yuav tsum hais Ius nrov nrov. Yog li, tag nrho cov neeg uas yuav ua mob ib tug me nyuam, yog yuam kev, raws li cov neeg lawv tus kheej, nyob rau hauv lawv pom, muaj pov thawj yuav tsum tau muaj kev ruaj ntseg. Yog li ntawd, chiv metonymy - ib yam ntawm cov talisman, taboo, daim card paub txog qhov uas tej yam uas, thiab ua tib zoo nkaum nws.

Hloov cov npe ntawm ib co lwm yam tshwm sim uas yog nyob ze lawv los, nws nkag mus hauv khov kho nyob rau hauv lub hlwb thiab cov lus xyaum tag nrho tom ntej tiam ntawm tib neeg lub neej. Yog li, nyob rau hauv cov Nrab Hnub nyoog twb ntshai hais lub npe ntawm lub ntsiab dab ntxwg nyoog thiab hloov nws nrog rau lwm cov tsis huv, Horned, dab ntxwg nyoog. Qhov ntawd yog metonymy - nws yog cov kev hloov ntawm cov npe tej npe ntawm lwm lub tswv yim zoo ib yam li thawj zaug.

Metonymy nyob ib ncig ntawm peb

Tus thawj metonymy nyob rau hauv hais lus qauv, raws li tau zoo raws li lub sij hawm nws tus kheej, muab rau peb los ntawm lub Greeks thiab yog coj los ntawm cov Greek culture. Nws tau ua tus personification ntawm Homer. Yog li ntawd thaum peb hnov: "Kuv yuav mus rau lub teb chaws, qhuas los ntawm Homer," nws yog tseeb hais tias peb yuav sib tham txog tim Nkij teb chaws. Ntawm no nws yog, ib tug tiag tiag li cov piv txwv ntawm metonymy!

Metonimija li kaj zoo li tus lus txhais tau tias kis tau tus broadest yam. Nws ua ntau idioms, paj lug thiab sayings, aphorisms. Niaj hnub nimno cov haiv neeg hais lus tsis tau hnov dab tsi txog tiag tiag Kroze, huab tais ntawm Lydia, hais txog nws kuj zoo kawg wealth. Tab sis nws twb tau hnov qhov qhia "li nplua nuj li Croesus," paub dab tsi nws sawv, thiab ntse siv mus rau qhov chaw nyob rau hauv nws kev hais lus. Los yog, Moscow. Nws yog feem ntau hu ua "qub capital", siv lo lus raws li lub thib ob lub npe ntawm lub nroog. Ib tug puas duas nqi no yog hu ua tus "Franklin" rau qhov sawv daws yuav muaj nyob rau ntawm nws mus rau tus thawj tswj hwm.

Zoo li txhua figurative-kev paub qhia lo txhais tau tias, metonymy pom peb hais lus, ua rau nws tiag tiag li, xav mob siab heev, kev. Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv cov xov xwm, journalism thiab ntau qhov chaw uas yog txuam nrog rau tej yam nyob rau hauv tib neeg nco qab. Yog li metonymy advertising yuav tsum tau nthuav tawm raws li ib tug hais lus slogans.

txoj kev

Zoo li tej artistic ke, metonymy yog tsim los qhia peb cov lus imagery, paj huam, expressiveness thiab kev zoo nkauj. Nws yog qualitatively txhais fidelity yam kev xav thiab cov duab.