Muaj niaj hnub Fabkis thiab hauv ob ntiaj teb ua tsov ua rog

Tib neeg yog txhoj puab heev los ntawm cov xwm. Qhov no tsis kaj siab fact yog paub tseeb hais tias los ntawm lub heev heev kev tsov kev rog waged los ntawm cov neeg rau ntau yam yog vim li cas. Txawm antiutopian worlds Aldous Huxley, Orwell thiab Bradbury txiv neej tau tsis yog tsis muaj kev nruj kev tsiv. Thaj, Yoj riam phom, ib co mej zeej ntawm cov haiv neeg homo sapiens vajhuam lawv tus kheej, uas tsis muaj teeb meem rau dab tsi yog vim li cas lub xeev tuaj mus rau qhov kev sib ntaus. Cov tsov ua rog yog unthinkable yam uas tsis tau ntaj los sis phom, thiab nws tshwm sim nyob rau ntau npaum li cas muaj zog cov khoom ntawm ib qho ntawm ob tog rau qhov teeb meem. Piv txwv li, niaj hnub naval rog yog ices tsis muaj tus cim tauj nkoj: aircraft carrier.

Aircraft cab kuj: hnyav nkoj

Qhov no yog ib tug lossis loj lub nkoj, nqa ib tug cargo aircraft: dav hlau los yog helicopters. Thiab nws yuav ua tau nyob rau hauv mus rau pua pua aviamashin. Lawv yog cov tseem ceeb tawm quab yuam ntawm cov cab kuj. Tus thawj lub sij hawm xws li ib tug nto txog ntsha nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb ua ntej ua tsov ua rog, tab sis tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov thawj-yug yog hais tias lawv tau hloov dua siab tshiab los ntawm lwm hom ships. Piv txwv li, qhov no nkoj los ua ib tug cruiser npe hu ua "Birmingham". Nrog nws cov lawj rau thawj lub sij hawm lub dav hlau coj tawm. Nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib tug tseem ceeb tshwm sim nyob rau hauv 1910, thiab nws cim pib ntawm cov cab kuj raws li aircraft. Thaum xub thawj xws hlab ntsha siv rau reconnaissance, tab sis tom qab pom tau hais qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov aircraft raws li ib tug txhais tau tias ntawm bombardment. Thaum qhov kaj ntug ntawm qhov kev siv ntawm aircraft muaj siv seaplanes, raws li cov dav hlau noj yuav, thiab zaum nyob rau lub lawj - tsis muaj. Rau lub hom phiaj no seaplanes, uas ntse tsaws nyob rau hauv dej. Cov zaj dab neeg mus hais tias cov Fabkis aircraft muaj nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ua tsov ua rog II ob peb: yuav pes tsawg, tsuas yog ib, raws li nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States. Qhov loj tshaj plaws pes tsawg tus ntawm xws hlab ntsha nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm yog nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United Kingdom (7 units). Tom qab, nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm aircraft muaj America ua tau zoo.

Tej ships raug muab faib mus rau hauv lub nram qab no txaus qhia:

• aircraft muaj;
• khw;
• nqa balloons;
• nyoob hoom qav taub nqa;
• gidroavianostsy;
• huab cua;
• underwater.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, txawv ntau yam, poob siab thiab anti. Raws li lub hom ntawm lub zog, muaj pa thiab atomic ua qauv.

Main yam ntxwv muaj

Steel zoo li muaj muaj loj zog, txij thaum lawv thickness nce mus txog ob peb centimeters. Qhov ntev ntawm lub giant nkoj muaj pua pua ntawm meters: lub amplitude yog hom twg los ntawm 180 mus 342. Cua ntsawj ntshab txog ntsha nce mus txog lub 12 'meter' tob. lawj dav yog loj heev, uas muab lub aircraft muaj unforgettable duab. Hauv qab no lawj nyob rau hauv lub loj loj docks thiab Hangars rau aircraft txij nkawm. Lub tsuas toj rau lub lawj, ib yam ntawm cov "kob" yog tus hais kom chaw, uas muaj xws li nrhiav system thiab kav hlau txais xov. Localize no center yog feem ntau nyob rau sab xis.

Davhlau lawj - ib qho ntawm feem tseem ceeb Cheebtsam ntawm ib tug aircraft carrier. Lawv yog cov peb hom, ib tug ntawm cov uas tsis tau siv. Pav ca lawj, rau piv txwv, muaj ib tug zoo-paub Fabkis aircraft carrier "Sharl De Goll". Decks ntawm no hom yog siv rau lub kab rov tav nqa tawm. Rau lub hom phiaj no, lub chav catapult. Decks nrog springboard ntsia rau lub tsheb, muaj aircraft nrog ntsug nqa tawm. Ib tug yam ntxwv feature ntawm tej lawj yuav koom haum takeoff thiab tsaws ib daim hlab.

Davhlau lawj, muaj ob theem, siv kom txog thaum lub 30s ntawm lub xeem caug xyoo. Nyob rau hauv lub qhov ntswg ntawm aircraft muaj nyob takeoff lawj thiab theem saum toj - tsaws. Tab sis txij thaum no tswvyim yog txaus ntshai rau cov pilots, nws hloov, refitting nws, raws li yog ib txoj kev cai nyob rau hauv cov pa aircraft muaj.

Nthuav lus tseeb hais txog cov rog giants

Uninitiated yuav nthuav mus nrhiav qhov twg nws tau txais muaj inexhaustible qhov chaw ntawm lub hwj chim thiab ceev. Qhov no yog hais tias lub nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag, nyob rau niaj hnub ships, xws li aircraft muaj ntawm Fabkis, muab unlimited ntau ntawm lub zog ntawm ships. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, vim lub nuclear installation cov cab kuj yog muaj peev xwm txhawb ib tug tshaj plaws es tsis muaj ib tug Cruising ceev rau lub lim piam.

Tsis tas li ntawd no qhov tseeb yog ib qho tseem ceeb, raws li qhov kev tso kawm ntawm tus tso mam li pawv. Nws yog nyob rau ntawm ib tug kaum sab xis ntawm 9⁰. Qhov no twb tsis tau ua los ntawm kev huam yuaj. Nyuam qhuav pib, thaum lub band yog ib tug ncaj qha, feem ntau muaj clashes aircraft sawv, cov neeg uas tsaws phem heev. Tom qab tag nrho, nws yog heev yooj yim - mus zaum rau ntawm lub viav vias thiab nqaim lawj. Kom tsis txhob zoo li no xwm txheej thiab hluav taws kub tshwm sim los ntawm lawv, cov designers tuaj mus rau lub ci ntsa iab tshuaj, li no muab tus tsav sab xis mus ua yuam kev.

Fabkis fleet

Fabkis rog yuav siv sij hawm ib tug ua qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Nyob rau hauv nws cov xaav (321,850 tons), nws yog ntawm Kauslim thiab lub tebchaws United Kingdom. Armed nrog rau qhov no haib tub rog formations yog submarines, ultra-niaj hnub frigates, amphibious, cruisers, ncuab, thiab, ntawm chav kawm, cov legendary aircraft carrier Fabkis "Sharl De Goll" xaav 37 txhiab. Tonnes. Lub hauv paus ntawm lub tsaws quab yuam yog lub cruiser "Mistral". Ships ntawm no hom muaj peb chav nyob.

Tab sis nws yog tam sim no ib tug tsis txaus ntawm huab cua cover, raws li cov Fabkis naval aviation muaj li 60 lawj ntawm aircraft nyob rau hauv qhov kev pab. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, lub Fabkis tsoom fwv xeeb ib tug loj Modernization ntawm cov rog, raws li tam sim no muaj peev xwm yog tsis txaus kom muaj lub ntiaj teb no cov tub rog ua hauj lwm. Txawm hais tias muaj los ntawm Fabkis thiab ib tug tseem ceeb bargaining nti: nuclear riam phom. Saum toj no tag nrho, qhov niaj hnub ballistic cuaj luaj.

Fabkis thiab lub ntiaj teb no ua tsov ua rog II

Fabkis yog rightly hu ua lub pioneer rau naval aviation. Hais tias lawv ua seaplanes, ya tej nkoj nquam thiab seaplanes, thiab cov nkoj tua rog thiab cruisers nruab nrog catapults coj tawm. Thiab nyob rau hauv lub 20s ntawm lub xeem caug xyoo, lub Fabkis naval rog muaj Iwj ib tug tswv cuab tshiab - lub modernized aircraft carrier battleship "Béarn". Nyob rau nws tau ntsia tso mam li pawv lawj thiab catapult. Qhov no nkoj, tab sis yog tsis muaj qho uas txawv, koom rau hauv ntiaj teb ua tsov ua rog II tiv thaiv German siab phem, tab sis nyob rau hauv 1940 tau ncaim mus so. Qhov no tshwm sim tom qab lub swb ntawm cov koom pheej Fabkis mus Nazi lub teb chaws Yelemees. Ntxiv mus, nyob rau hauv 1937, raws li cov teem sij hawm qhov kev pab cuam ntawm shipbuilding, nws tau txiav txim siab los mus tsim ntau tshiab ships. Tab sis qhov no tsis yog yuav tsum. Thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm ntawm 1939 rau 1945, cov tub rog ntawm Fabkis, tshwj xeeb yog cov fleet, poob npaum li cas ntawm caj npab, thiab demanded tag nrho rov qab. Yog li ntawd ntau npaum li cas aircraft muaj los ntawm Fabkis yog thaum lub sij hawm ua tsov ua rog nrog rau lub Germans? Cov unrealized thiab khov tej yaam num xws li "Joffre", "Clemenceau" aircraft carrier sunk "Kommandan Test", sawv ib tug tub rog tus thawj coj ntawm "Bearn".

Aircraft cab kuj "Béarn": hoary keeb kwm

Fabkis Vice Admiral Bourget rightly tau xav hais tias ib qho mob ceev yuav tsum tau mus rau revive lub Fabkis aircraft muaj cov rog raws li ib puag. Tus txiv neej no tau ib zaug txib cov "Béarn", yog li nws lub tswv yim yog cov tseem ceeb thiab yuav tsum tau hnov. Lub Admiral ntseeg hais tias cov Fabkis fleet yuav tsum tsis tsawg tshaj li 6 aircraft muaj. Tsoom fwv procured aircraft muaj tom qab nyob rau hauv ces, thiab nyob rau hauv lub 50s rau hauv lub Fabkis shipbuilders tsim aircraft carrier "Clemenceau" thiab "Foz".

Tiam sis nyob rau warship, aircraft carrier "Béarn", tsim nyog ib tug tshwj xeeb mention, yog hais tias tsuas vim hais tias nws tau koom tes nyob rau hauv tsov rog nrog rau lub Nazis. Aircraft cab kuj koom nyob rau hauv cov kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov German nkoj "Admiral Graf Spee". Siv cov kev faib ntawm cov hlab pib nyob rau hauv Lub ib hlis ntuj 1914 thiab launched rau nws yog nyob rau hauv lub Plaub Hlis 1920. Txog ntsha cua ntsawj ntshab tshaj 9 meters thiab dav - cov cab kuj 27. Qhov ntev yog 182 m. Number of coob yog 865 cov neeg.

Muaj Fabkis Navy pib nws cov keeb kwm nrog no armored txog ntsha. Nws twb ua ntaj riam thaiv nrog anti-aircraft phom, torpedoes, thiab muaj nyob rau board 40 dav hlau. Carrier twb ua tau lub tsev ntawm ib tug vaj tsev "Normandy", lub battleship turbine powerplant tau hloov. Tom qab lub Fabkis capitulation muaj xaiv tias cov cab kuj coj tuaj rau Martinique tag nrho lub xeev kub reserves, tab sis cov lus qhia no yog tsis paub tseeb hais tias. Ntxiv mus, ua ntej thaum xaus ntawm ua tsov ua rog, "Bearn" nqa aircraft los ntawm Canada rau lawv teb chaws. Nyob rau hauv 1967, lub Fabkis thawj coj ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem tau demolished.

Sharl De Goll los yog lub Richelieu?

Tam sim no lub Fabkis aircraft muaj, niaj hnub thiab txawm peem rau nrog rau txhua yam tsim nyog kom tau raws li cov tub rog qauv. Tiam sis, tus Fabkis aircraft carrier yog tam sim no tus tsuas yog ib qho: tus naas ej "Sharl De Goll". Qhov no nkoj ua tau thiab launched nyob rau hauv 1994. Nws lub lag luam pib nyob rau hauv 2001. Nrog ib tug xaav ntawm 42 txhiab. Tons aircraft carrier ua 27 mus ncig teb chaws qhov chaw. Nws tau ob nuclear engine, txog ntsha ntev yog 261 meters thiab dav ntawm txog 64. Cov cab kuj yog qhov loj tshaj plaws nkoj nyob rau hauv Fabkis, tab sis nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog rau cov uas zoo sib xws American nuclear ships nws yog me me. Cov neeg coob ntawm nws theej loj thiab ntiav 1900 cov neeg, nrog rau cov pilots thiab commanders.

Lub keeb kwm ntawm no warship pib nrog lub fact tias tsoom fwv yuav txiav txim siab los hloov lub qub Fabkis txoj aircraft carrier "Foch" thiab "Clemenceau" rau ntau niaj hnub qauv. Tab sis nws twb tsim tsuas yog ib txog ntsha ntawm xws li ib tug series, txij li thaum nws nqi yog tsis tau tso cai mus ntxiv hauv peb tes num. Lub aircraft carrier tsis yog cia li zoo tuaj, vim hais tias ntawm lub ua tsis tau tejyam xeem.

Raws li hais tus tsim kho ntawm lub nkoj, nws yog txawm peem rau nrog rau feem ntau niaj hnub systems: catapults, unsinkable bulkheads, muab ob npaug rau hauv qab, radar absorbing thiab thaum khoom. Muaj kuj yog ib tug dej-kua, hluav taws kub tiv thaiv system. Neeg coob muab tej huab cua-txias thiab cua tshuab. Tsim xis pw chaw, kev ua si rau tej thaj chaw thiab noj mov.

Nyob ib ncig ntawm lub npe ntawm ib tug aircraft carrier nyob rau lub sij hawm kub lug lub loj sib cav tswv yim: Fransua Mitteran, Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Fabkis, xav mus rau npe rau lub nkoj "Richelieu", raws li xam tau tias yog nws tsis tau tsim nyog sib tawb thiaj nrog lub Gaullist tog. Tab sis ib xyoos tom qab, Zhak Shirak tseem hais tau nws hais tias lub nkoj twb dubbed lub npe ntawm tus naas ej general.

Riam phom "Charles"

Nuclear nkoj txaus lub zog rau 5 xyoo khiav nrog ib tug ceev ntawm 25 cov pob caus ntawd. Qhov no cov cab kuj yog yuam ua hauj lwm rau lub hwj chim nroj tsuag nrog ib tug zoo kawg li quab yuam filling: 76 txhiab horsepower .. Nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug muaj zog puag tej zaum yuav ib txhij muab tso rau mus rau 100 aircraft. Tiam sis feem ntau, cov fleet muaj xws li 40 aircraft, ntawm uas muaj ob peb fighters, nres aircraft, reconnaissance aircraft thiab kev cob cog rua. Muaj nyob rau hauv lub lawj thiab helicopters. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov cab kuj yog txawm peem rau nrog radar tshuab thiab huab cua tiv thaiv sib. Yog li ntawd thov, yuav ua li cas muaj ntau yam aircraft muaj los ntawm Fabkis tam sim no tau rau nti teb: ib. Tab sis muaj ib tug ob peb ntau ships, sawv yuav luag nyob rau tib theem sib ntaus sib tua muaj peev xwm thiab endurance.

"Mistral": Fabkis wagon

Yuav tsaws lub nkoj, nyoob hoom qav taub cov cab kuj "Mistral" yog txawv los ntawm lwm yam multi-purpose siv. Nws yuav ua tau ib tug lub tsev kho mob, cog rau hauv av tsaws motorized brigade, ua zoo li ib tug hais kom ua chaw, Xyooj thiab muaj kev sib ntaus los helicopters. Thaum uas tham txog Fabkis aircraft carrier "Mistral" tab sis tsis yog ib qho aircraft carrier mus rau tag nrho, tab sis kuj yog ib tug tsim nyog sawv cev ntawm Fabkis Navy. Ib qho tseem ceeb kom zoo dua tej zaum yuav tau hais ib tug qeeb thiab txawj xav xyuas qhov chaw, uas yog advantageously nqa tawm helicopters. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub nkoj yuav tsum muab tso rau tsaws nkoj, tank battalion thiab mus txog rau 900 cov tub rog ntawm ib lub sij hawm. Armed nrog cov Fabkis Navy muaj peb zoo xws li cov nkoj "Mistral", "Tonnerre" thiab "Dismyud".

Yog nws ua tau rau tog ib aircraft carrier?

Qhov no yog ib tug heev nyuaj ua hauj lwm. Vim lub fact tias xws li sverhdorogostoyaschie ships nqa ib tug lossis loj npaum li cas ntawm riam phom, ces, ntawm chav kawm, cov kev tiv thaiv zog ntawm cov cab kuj yog tsis nkaus siav tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau. Yog li ntawd, yeej ib txwm nyob ib ncig ntawm ib tug lossis loj lub nkoj 15 los yog ntau tshaj ships, muab txhim khu kev qha kev tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv ib lub vojvoog ntawm 300 kis lus mev. Tsis tau tau tog ib aircraft carrier, txawm hais tias nws yog heev yooj yim. Qhov yooj yim, tiam sis tsis heev zoo txoj kev - tus quab yuam. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum neutralize cov kev ruaj ntseg ships, thiab ces sim muab tso rau lub aircraft carrier mus rau hauv qab, nws yuav nyuaj heev, vim hais tias nws yog txawm peem rau nrog ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm compartments.

Tsis kawg luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub tshem ntawm ib tug aircraft carrier tawm ntawm kev txiav txim yuav ua si ib rauj. Piv txwv li, thaum lub sij hawm replenishment, ib tug qhov chaw nres nkoj, divers pab pawg neeg yuav tsum ua luam dej imperceptible rau cov hlab thiab tsim kom muaj tej thaj chaw deb heev ntaus ntawv nyob rau hauv nws qab. Qhov loj tshaj plaws yog mus tau deb tsis paub nyob rau hauv lub lag luam no.

Lwm txoj kev yuav tau torpedoed on board uas ntsiag to submarine. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, ib tug loj loj aircraft carrier yuav tsis tau maim lub torpedoes. Tsuas yog no submarine bombers nrog zoo tshwm sim tam sim ntawd puas ships tiv thaiv.

Qhov zoo tshaj nyob rau hauv lub sinking ntawm lub aircraft carrier muab missile thiab nuclear ntaus. Nws yog tseeb hais tias lub yav tas, vim tus kab mob rau hauv ib ncig, thiab lwm yam catastrophic txim, yog tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv huab mob.

ships rau yav tom ntej

Tab sis lub aircraft muaj ntawm Fabkis thiab lwm lub ntiaj teb powers tsis sawv tseem, tsim ib tug tshiab, niaj hnub thiab advanced cov qauv. Noj rau hauv tus account qhov kev paub ntawm yav dhau los tau thiab yuam kev rau yav tom ntej aircraft carrier project yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub npe CVNX xaav ntawm 100 txhiab. Tonnes. Nyob rau hauv nws cov creation tau siv "stealth" technology, lub newest nuclear qhov chaw, uas tso cai rau rau ib ntev lub sij hawm mus tsis refuelling, raws li zoo raws li ib tug radically tshiab hull tsim. Raws li creators kwv yees hais tias xws li ib lub nkoj rau tag nrho tsib caug-xyoo lifespan tau dhau 3 lab nautical mais thiab nqa rau txhiab. Hnub nyob rau hauv lub hiav txwv.

Progress yog sai tsiv, xws li nyob rau hauv cov tub rog kev lag luam. Ua lag luam hnyav ncawv rau lub tshuab tseeb, tab sis lub ntiaj teb no kaj siab lug yuav tsis tau los rau txhua yam nyiaj.