Mus kuaj ntshav. Ntshav txhaws. Txiav suab ntawm cov ntshav kev ntsuam xyuas: coagulation

Ntshav - nws yog lub ntsiab yug me nyuam rau hauv av ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Tujtaws circulating nyob rau hauv nws thiab muab lub hlwb nrog rau oxygen thiab tag nrho cov tseem ceeb metabolites, nws ua nws yooj yim zog. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov ntshav kuj yog ib tug tiv thaiv tawm tsam cov kev taw qhia ntawm ib tug plurality ntawm pathogens ntawm kis kab mob, raws li tau zoo raws li kev tiv thaiv los ntshav nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm tej hlab. Muab yog ib tug tshwj xeeb coagulation system muaj ib tug complex set ntawm proteins. Tam sim no peb sib tham txog qhov no nyob rau hauv ntau yam.

Tus qauv ntawm hemostasis

Nws yuav tsum nrhiav tau tawm yog dab tsi system ntawm hemostasis. Nws muaj ob yam antagonistic rau txhua lwm yam - coagulation thiab anticoagulation. Tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lawv Nkij los txuam rau txhua lwm yam, yog li ntawd cov ntshav tsis hloov nws qhov zoo tsis, thiab muaj peev xwm mus pub rau lwm yam ntaub so ntswg. Tus thawj tau txais lub zoo dua nrog los ntshav thaum uas tsim nyog los ua ib tug ntshav los khov rau ntawd obturation qhib lumen nyob rau hauv cov hlab phab ntsa. Qhov thib ob yog tshuab txais tam sim ntawd tom qab thawj zaug lag luam, li no tiv thaiv txhaws thiab muaj zog loj hlob ntawm thrombosis xws mob loj heev txim, xws li mob stroke thiab heart attack myocardial infarction.

Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv ntau cov kab mob noj zuag qhia tag nrho kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov ntshav. Ntshav thiab nws cov kab mob yub - yog lub hom phiaj ntawm txoj kev tshawb no. koj yuav ua tau qhov tseeb paub thiab tsim nyog kho mob raws li nws cov ntaub ntawv.

Lub Cheebtsam nyob rau hauv lub zuag qhia tag nrho kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov ntshav

Ntawm cov Cheebtsam ntawm lub coagulation system nyob ib qho tseem ceeb qhov chaw raws li lub hlwb thiab proteins. Qhov no feem ntau platelets, uas, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd rau nws cov thawj muaj nuj nqi, muaj noj endothelium meem hauv lub hauv tag nrho cov hlab ntsha. Lawv tus xov tooj yuav tsum muaj nyob los ntawm xeem dhau tus soj ntsuam ntshav suav. Txhaws, txawm li cas los, nyob tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lawv cov xov tooj, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lawv cov zoo. Yog li, thaum ib tug inconsistency xam qhovkev muaj nuj nqi ntawm cov hlwb tsim thrombocytopathia, tsis yooj yim los paub txog thiab yog yus muaj los ntawm ntau yam, nws yog ib qhov nyuaj kom txhob los ntshav, uas tej zaum yuav nws thiaj li ua rau poob ntawm lub neej. Lwm yam yooj yim, nkag txawm nyob rau hauv ib tug ncauj lus kom ntxaws soj ntsuam tsom xam ntawm cov ntshav - txhaws lub sij hawm Lee-dawb. Nws yog txiav txim los ntawm co ntxias lis tus menyuam nrog substrate coj kom txog rau thaum nws Nonseparated tuab los khov rau ntawd.

yam ntxwv yam

Cov nqaijrog kuj muaj nyob rau hauv nyob tus yeees ntawm cov coagulation system, xa mus rau kaum peb yam tseem ceeb. Lawv uniqueness lies nyob rau hauv lub fact tias feem ntau lawv nyob rau hauv ib tug tsaug zog lub xeev kom txog thaum muaj ib tug yog vim li cas rau lawv cov kev ua ub no, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv lub complex saw ntawm lawv lub community launch, nyob rau hauv uas lawv ua raws li catalysts rau cov tshuaj. Yog li, qhov no system yog tus raug rho tawm. Zoo Cov yam ntxwv ntawm lawv ua hauj lwm muaj nyob rau hauv ib tug nqaim ntshav kuaj - "cov ntshav txhaws" los yog "coagulation". Nws muaj xws li ib tug tsawg tus naj npawb ntawm kev xaiv, tab sis tus kws kho mob uas yog tswv paub txog lawv, yuav raug muab hu ua qhov ua rau mob ntawm hemostasis, thiab txawm lwm tus kab mob. Yog li, seev suab ntawm kev kuaj ntshav "txhaws" occupies ib tug tseem ceeb qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub soj ntsuam ntawm txhua tshwj xeeb, thiab yog li ntawd peb yuav tsum sib tham txog nws nyob rau hauv ntau yam.

Ntsiab ntsuas ntawm coagulation

Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no muaj cov nram qab no tseem ceeb cov ntsiab lus.

• Thawj. D-dimer yog ib qho tseem ceeb qhia ntawm thrombosis, thiab yog li yog siv rau thaum ntxov mob ntawm thrombosis. Cev xeeb tub nyob rau hauv loj nyiaj (3-4 lub sij hawm) los ntawm tus kawg ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm hnub, tab sis qhov no yog ib tug variant ntawm lub cai. Kom paub tias yog nws ib tug ntau dua concentration ntawm cov pov thawj twb nyob rau lub pathological chav kawm ntawm cev xeeb tub. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws qhia ib qho kev nce nyob rau hauv cov kab mob xws li mob caj dab rheumatoid, hemorrhagic mob, mob kab mob.
• Qhov thib ob lub tswv yim. Prothrombin lub sij hawm thaum uas tig mus le caag index INR thiab PTI (prothrombin index) characterizes lub xeev ntawm cov ntshav coagulation system thiab yog ntsuas los ntawm Koagulometers thiab cov qauv. Txhais raws li rau qhov kev luj xyuas ntawm hemostasis thiab nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm indirect anticoagulants.
• Thib peb. Fibrinogen - ib tug complex protein. Nws yog ib lub caj qaum rau tsim ntawm ib tug ntshav los khov rau ntawd - thrombus. Nws nce yog nrog los ntawm tus kab mob siab, mob raum, heart attack myocardial infarction, tawg kev mob kev nkeeg, mob cancer. Txawm li cas los, raws li cai thaum lub sij hawm cev xeeb tub, poj niam, thiab kuj nrog qhov ncauj contraceptives nrog ib tug thawj tshuaj tivthaiv.

indicators protivosvertyvaniya

• Qhov thib plaub tswvyim. Lupus coagulant yog ib pab pawg neeg ntawm cov tshuaj rau nws tus kheej platelets, uas yog ib tug manifestation mob autoimmune txheej txheem. Feem ntau cov feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv lub pathology ntawm cev xeeb tub, piv txwv li. E. Gestosis. Nws muaj qhia txog lawv cov mob loj heev hemodynamic teeb - edema, ntshav siab, siab yuav nchuav menyuam. Yog li ntawd, cov ntshav, "ntshav" tsom xam yog ua rau tag nrho cov cev xeeb tub cov poj niam yuav tsum tsis txhob qhov kev xaiv no.
• Fifth. Antithrombin-3, rau hauv sib piv, yog ib tug protein anticoagulation system thiab ib tug thrombin inhibitor. Yog hais tias tus neeg mob yog poob mus kuaj ntshav, "cov ntshav coagulation," thiab lub resulting poob nyob rau hauv no kev tivthaiv, nws qhia tias ib tug uas yuav ntawm thrombosis. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub ntsiab txhais ntawm antithrombin-3 yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov kev tswj ntawm cov neeg mob uas tau txais ntev-lub sij hawm anticoagulant tshuaj series (tshuaj "TromboASS", "Cardiomagnyl", "clopidogrel").

summing up

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau saum toj, muaj yog ib qho kev ntsuas aPTT tias feem ntau kom meej meej qhia txaus / tshaj yam ntawm cov ntshav txhaws. Yog li ntawd nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los mus txiav txim lub feem ntau hemophilia ntau yam genesis, von Willebrand tus kab mob, lub xub ntiag ntawm tshaj coagulation inhibitors los yog anticoagulants txais tos. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias ib tug ntshav tshuaj ntsuam yuav tsuas yuav qhia. Txawm li cas los, Yog hais tias koj xav tias ib tug ua txhaum ntawm lub hemostatic system, ib qho mob ceev yuav tsum tau mus ntsib ib tug kws kho mob.