Peb xam lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub box

Ntawm ib tug plurality ntawm geometric duab ntawm ib qho ntawm qhov nyuaj yuav tau hais parallelepiped. Nws muaj tus duab ntawm ib tug plaub uas nws puag yog ib tug parallelogram. Nws yog tsis yooj yim los mus laij lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub box, vim hais tias cov mis yog heev yooj yim.

Prism ua ntsej muag, vertices thiab sawv. Lub tsev ntawm cov constituent ntsiab yog txaus siab yog hais tias tus yam tsawg kawg nkaus tus nqi uas yog tsim nyog rau cov tsim ntawm tus duab puab. Parallelepiped muaj 6 lub ntsej muag, uas yog kev cob cog rua ntawm vertices 8 thiab 12 ribs. Thiab cov lus rov sab ntawm lub box yuav yeej ib txwm ua ncaj. Yog li ntawd, mus nrhiav tau rau ntawm lub box hauv cheeb tsam, nws yog txaus los mus txiav txim qhov luaj li cas ntawm nws peb ib sab.

Parallelepiped (lub sij hawm txhais tau tias "thaum uas tig mus ib sab" nyob rau hauv Greek lus) muaj tej yam zog uas tej zaum yuav tau hais. Ua ntej, lub symmetry ntawm daim duab yog paub tseeb hais tias yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm txhua tus ntawm nws cov diagonals. Secondly, muaj ntawm tej yam nws cov lus rov kab pheeb ces kaum vertices, nws tseem tau mus ntes tias tag nrho cov ntshav muaj ib tug taw tes ntawm kev tshuam. Tsis tas li ntawd muaj nqis ntsoov teev yog cov cuab yeej tias qhov fab ntxeev sab yog yeej ib txwm thiab tau yuav thaum uas tig mus rau txhua lwm yam.

Nyob rau hauv cov xwm, cov tsiaj yog distinguished parallelepipeds:

• lub - nws muaj lub ntsej muag ntawm ib lub zoo lawm;

• ncaj - muaj tsuas rau sab ntsej muag ntawm lub lub;

• oblique parallelepiped yog ib feem ntawm lub sab ntsej muag, uas yog tauj uas tsis yog-perpendicular thaj av;

• Thawv muaj rau sab - muaj ib tug square zoo li tus ntsej muag.

Wb sim mus nrhiav qhov chaw ntawm lub box rau cov piv txwv ntawm lub lub hom zoo. Raws li peb twb paub, tag nrho cov ntsej muag lub. Thiab vim hais tias tus nqi ntawm cov ntsiab yog txo mus rau, ces mus nrhiav tau rau thaj tsam ntawm txhua lub ntsej muag, koj yuav tau zaum pem tau cov nyob rau hauv ib tooj. Thiab mus nrhiav tau qhov chaw ntawm txhua tus ntawm lawv yog tsis nyuaj. Ua li no, muab ob sab ntawm lub duab plaub.

Siv ib tug zauv mis los mus txiav txim qhov chaw ntawm ib tug cuboid. Nws muaj lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws cim denoting lub ntsej muag cheeb tsam, thiab yog raws li nram no: S = 2 (b + bc + ac), qhov chaw uas S - cheeb tsam ntawm daim duab, ib tug, b - sab ntawm lub hauv paus, c - sab ntug.

Peb muab ib tug ntxhib xam. Xav hais tias, ib tug = 20 cm, b = 16 cm, c = 10 cm tam sim no tsim nyog los muab cov zauv nyob rau hauv raws li nrog rau mis :. 20 * 16 + 16 * 10 + 20 * 10 thiab muab tau cov xov tooj ntawm 680 cm2. Tab sis nws yuav ua tau ib nrab xwb ntawm daim duab, raws li peb tau kawm thiab saib lub ntsab lug peb square ntsej muag. Txij li thaum txhua lub ntsej muag muaj nws "ob", rau ob npaug lub resulting nqi, thiab tau rau ntawm lub box hauv cheeb tsam sib npaug zos rau 1360 cm 2.

Los mus laij lub sab deg hauv cheeb tsam, thov lub mis S = 2C (a + b). Lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub thawv los luj yuav pom los ntawm txawj qhov ntev ntawm lub sab ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm txhua lwm yam.

Nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub, parallelepipeds yuav pom ntau zaus. Hais txog lawv lub neej rau peb nco txog ntawm cov duab ntawm bricks, ntoo tub rau khoom ntawm nws qhov rooj, ib tug dog dig matchbox. Piv txwv ntawm txhua yuav muaj nyob rau hauv abundance nyob ib ncig ntawm peb. Lub tsev kawm ntawv cov kev pab cuam nyob rau hauv geometry rau txoj kev tshawb ntawm ib tug ob peb zaj lus qhia, muab rau hauv lub thawv. Tus thawj ntawm cov qauv qhia ib tug cuboid. Ces lawv qhia tias cov me nyuam kawm ntawv yuav ua li cas mus nkag rau hauv nws ib lub pob los yog ib tug hauv, lwm yam nuj nqis, mus nrhiav tau qhov chaw ntawm lub box. Nyob rau hauv luv luv, qhov no yog qhov nyuaj peb-dimensional daim duab.