Petsamo-Kirkenes lag luam hnub, tau, cov duab

Petsamo-Kirkenes lag luam nyob rau hauv 1944 yog xaiv yaam tseem ceeb mus rau lub Soviet High kom thaum lub sij hawm lub ntiaj teb no ua tsov ua rog II. Lub hom phiaj ntawm lub sib ntaus sib tua yog tus liberation ntawm German txoj hauj lwm Arctic.

Petsamo-Kirkenes lag luam: yees duab, txheej txheem cej luam

Lub sib ntaus sib tua Soviet troops pub tsis tau tsuas yog mus ua kom tiav lub ntiab tawm ntawm lub invaders ntawm lub teb chaws. Battles muaj ib tug tseem ceeb feem ntawm qhov nqi koj tshuav ntawm lub hwj chim nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb teb chaws Europe. Soviet troops yuav tsum tau nkag mus rau hauv Petsamo thiab Luostari, qhov twg lub 19th Roob Corps ntawm lub Wehrmacht, thiab ces kauj ruam nyob rau hauv Kirkenes.

Cov kawm tuab si lug ntawm rog

Nyob rau lub teb chaws muaj 20 tsuas pab tub rog coj los ntawm Colonel-General Lothar Rendulic thiab 19 lub roob-Jaeger cov ntaub ntawv, uas twb mus los ntawm General Ferdinand Jodl. German rog tau hais kev sib cais 3 thiab 4 paab, 53 txhiab. Cel., Ntau tshaj 750 phom thiab mortars. Raws li ib feem ntawm cov Nazi troops tau tam sim no thiab aircraft (160 units). 19 lub cev yog nyob rau hauv ib tug heev fawm kib tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv nyuaj struts chaw. Rog stationed nyob rau hauv tus mob rocky toj nyob ze cov pas dej thiab fjords. Soviet troops tau ua tswvcuab Karelian pem hauv ntej rog. Hais kom sib txuas ntawm kev nqa Meretskov. Raws li ib feem ntawm lub Soviet rog tam sim no 14 pab tub rog, uas tau coj los ntawm Lieutenant-General Shcherbakov. Nws muaj xws li:

1. Phom loj sib cais (8).
2. Self-Propelled artillery rhawv (2).
3. Brigade 2 engineering, Tank 1, 5 phom loj.
4. Cug thiab artillery rhawv (21).
5. Ib pab foob pob ua ntxaij launchers.

Cov nab npawb ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog yog 97 txhiab. Cov neeg. Thaum lub pov tseg ntawm lub pab tub rog nws yog nyob rau hauv 2112 mortars thiab phom, 107 tso tsheb hlau luam thiab nws tus kheej-propelled phom. Los ntawm cov huab cua, cov tub rog tswj 689 aircraft. Petsamo-Kirkenes offensive lag luam coj qhov chaw nrog kev koom tes ntawm lub sab qaum teb Fleet, nyob rau hauv Admiral Golovko. Nws muaj 2 brigades tau mus kawm lub Tubrog nkoj Corps, ships thiab naval aviation units (276 aircraft). Advancing troops nyuab los ntawm kev siv ntawm hnyav artillery, nyob rau hauv no hais txog, General Meretskov thov KV tso tsheb hlau luam.

Petsamo-Kirkenes lag luam (luv luv)

Raws li lub hom phiaj, yuav tsum thaum lub sij hawm thawj lub lim tiam ntawm kev siv sib sib zog nqus workaround, tes rau sab qaum teb thiab sab qab teb cov tub rog Germans uas tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv Rheine B. Zapadnaya Litsa. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, lub Soviet rog nyob rau daim ntawv lub classic "boiler". Raws li historians, lub Petsamo-Kirkenes lag luam (pib hnub - Lub kaum hli ntuj 7) twb npaj nyob rau hauv tus ntawm Leningrad thiab cov sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Stalingrad. Thaum lub sij hawm lub zog ntawm Soviet troops ntawm lub Wehrmacht rog nqa tawm qhov kev khiav tawm ntawm qhov chaw ntawm Finland thiab Norway. Qhov no lub lag luam yog hu ua Nordlicht. Nws raws li yav dhau los (Birke), siv Rendulic. Tom qab, rau txoj kev vam meej nyob rau hauv uas nws tau txais lub Knight tus ntoo khaub lig nrog ntoo qhib nplooj (lub siab tshaj plaws puav pheej ntawm lub Reich). Petsamo-Kirkenes lag luam 1944 nyob rau hauv peb theem. Nyob rau hauv thawj theem muaj ib qho teeb meem los mus ua txhaum los ntawm lub German defenses ua ntej lub Soviet pab tub rog. Ces cov tub rog yuav tsum rau siab ntso nrhiav cov retreating occupiers rau Kirkenes thiab siv nws qhov kawg battles. Thaum lub sij hawm lub zog ntawm Soviet troops nws tau ob peb naval infantry vybrosok rog thiab cov tub rog units. Ib tug ntawm cov ua phem tau pom nyob rau hauv lub me Volokovaya di ncauj.

German kws muaj txuj ci txhob

Lub kaum hli ntuj 7 thaum 8 teev sawv ntxov barrage pib. Tom qab 2.5 teev lub Soviet troops mus nyob rau hauv offensive. Nyob rau hauv thawj hnub ntawm enclosure 131 tau mus txog p. Titovka thiab yuam kom cov 99th yuav tsis ua kom tiav cov hauj lwm tam sim ntawd. Txhaum los ntawm lub German defenses tsuas yog nyob rau hauv thaum sawv ntxov nyob rau hauv 8 Lub kaum hli ntuj. Hnub tom qab ntawd - lub 9 - offensive rog launched ib tug pab pawg neeg nyob rau hauv lub txib ntawm Lieutenant General Pigarevicha. Lawv nyob sab hnub tuaj ntawm lub koog tsev kawm ntawv. Zap. Cov neeg nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws ntawm ntau yam nce qib ntawm Nazis ntawm Murmansk. Hmo ntawd tau ua ib tug tsaws nyob rau hauv me me Bay Volkova (fjord Mattivuono). Sailors dhau lub caj Musta caj thiab taws rau Petsamo, txiav tawm ib feem ntawm cov rog ntawm lub German pab tub rog.

ncig

126 legkostrelkovy Corps, txib los ntawm Colonel Solovyev, los ntawm sab laug flank ntse nqa tawm ib workaround. Nyob rau hauv plaub hnub, nws mus nyob rau hauv txoj kev Petsamo-Salmijärvi thiab txiav nws sab hnub poob Luostari. Beating lub Germans counter-nres, lub cev yuav muaj mus ntxiv los txhawb, kho kom sawvdaws xeeb rau txoj kev Petsamo-Tarnet. Hmo ntuj sab, taws los ntawm Major General Zhukov yuav airfield nyob rau hauv Luostari. Nws yog ib tug leeg ib qho tseem ceeb capture. Mus rau hauv Luostari Soviet rog deprived lub Germans ib tug ntawm cov loj tshaj plaws tshav dav hlau nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb. Ob peb tus yeeb ncuab aircraft tau seized raws li pob tw. Nyob rau tib hnub ntawd kuv twb pauv mus rau ib tug tsaws Liinakhamari. Ua ke nrog 114 division lub cev 99 Marines tshem los ntawm Nazis qhov chaw. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim Petsamo rau tag nrho cov sab twb ncig los ntawm Soviet pab tub rog. Los ntawm sab hnub tuaj mus rau lub sib haum tsiv Marines thiab Pigarevicha ntawm cov pab pawg neeg, los ntawm sab hnub poob qhov teeb meem no yog nyob rau hauv kev tswj ntawm lub Tubrog nkoj Brigade 72, nyob rau hauv sab qab teb - yog tsev nyob 131, thiab los ntawm sab qaum teb mus pab tub rog, seized Lub kaum hli ntuj 13 Liinakhamari Chaw nres nkoj.

noj qhov chaw nres nkoj

Petsamo-Kirkenes lag luam yog sib txawv nyob rau hauv hais tias nws muab kev koom tes tsis tsuas cov tub rog, tab sis tus fleet. Thaum lub theem kawg ntawm battles tshwj xeeb reconnaissance unit 181 tsiv los rau thaj tsam Liinakhamari. Qhov chaw nres nkoj twb tau muaj zog los ntawm lub fascist occupiers thiab them headlands Romanov thiab tus ntoo khaub lig. Lub granite raws li nyob rau hauv lub kawg Germans tsev ntau strengthening, nruab emplacements, bunkers, trenches, thiab lwm yam Nyob rau hauv dhaus Cape Romanov hitherto tseem qoob nyob rau hauv uas yog torpedo installation Germans. Los ntawm cov chaw tiv thaiv muaj ib tug zoo txheej txheem cej luam ntawm tus nkag mus rau qhov chaw nres nkoj. Qhov no ua rau nws ua tau rau torpedo tej submarines los yog ships. Lub kaum hli ntuj 12 ua phem detachment, txib los ntawm loj-Barchenko Emelyanov Leon, rog German roj teeb nyob rau hauv lub m. Crusade. Lub sib ntaus yog short-lived. Nrog tsawg heev losses, Soviet troops yuav lub roj teeb. Vim li no cov hloov mus rau lwm twb tau nqa tawm ib tug zoo tsaws nyob rau hauv Liinakhamari, capture cheeb tsam thiab lub tom ntej paub Petsamo.

Kev ntes npib tsib xee

Nws tiv thaiv muab tub rog quab yuam nyob rau hauv lub txib ntawm General Vogel. Nws muaj cov chav nyob thiab, departing los ntawm Luostari thiab tau kis los ntawm Finland. Petsamo-Kirkenes lag luam txuas ntxiv sib ntaus sib tua rau npib tsib xee rau 18 Lub kaum hli ntuj. Lub German pab tub rog muaj tawv ncauj tsis kam. Dua li no, Soviet rog mus txog lub Yar-fjord thiab yuav npib tsib xee (Kolosjoki). Active kev ua ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog yuam cov German hais kom ua rau kom tus thawj, thiab tom qab lub cua tua nyob rau Kirkenes Lub kaum hli ntuj 21 - mus ua kom tiav qhov kev khiav tawm. Lub nroog twb nyob rau hauv cov dej tshiab, siv feem ntau rau ships boilers. Lub kaum hli ntuj 22 131 tsev nyob pib lub sib ntaus sib tua ha Tarnet. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm lub Marines, kev txhawb los ntawm artillery, ua tej ntug dej hiav txwv.

sib ntaus sib tua Tiav

Lub kaum hli ntuj 23-25 Petsamo-Kirkenes ua tsiv mus rau hauv cov theem kawg. Germans retreating mined txoj kev thiab tshuab lawv. Nws tau muab sau tias cov kev ceev ntawm lawv ua ntej yog hais txog 40 km / hnub. Meanwhile, lub Soviet kev twb kev txuas thaum lub sij hawm lub hnub kov yeej txog 8.5 km. Lub kaum hli ntuj 25 thaum tav su nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab square ntawm Kirkenes muaj ib tug lub rooj sib tham ntawm lub zos. Tom qab nws nyob rau hauv lub caj npab volleys, cov hu nkauj ntawm lub anthem nroog ntawm lub Norwegian chij twb tsa. Los ntawm sab qaum teb Fleet nws twb cog 3 tactical tsaws nyob ze ntawm lub yav qab teb ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm lub Varanger fjord:

1. Nyob rau hauv lub bays thiab Aresvuono Suolavuono 18 Lub kaum hli ntuj.
2. Nyob rau hauv Kobholm Fjord - 23 Lub kaum hli ntuj.
3. Nyob rau hauv Holmengro Fjord - 25 Lub kaum hli ntuj.

Tag nrho peb hloov yog kev vam meej thiab muaj ib tug zoo feem nyob rau hauv chav kawm ntawm lub sib ntaus sib tua. Nyob rau lub kaum hli ntuj 27, Soviet troops nkag mus hauv Nautsi: 31 lub cev nyob rau hauv cov coj ntawm Major General Absalyamova tuaj los ntawm sab hnub tuaj, thiab 127 legkostrelkovoe kev twb kev txuas - los ntawm sab qaum teb. Tus yeeb ncuab, tsiv mus Kirkenes, khawb tag nrho cov loj boom, puas txoj kev. Txoj kev mus rau lub nroog twb tau kiag li mined, tshuab mus los ntawm ib tug raug tshem tawm choj. Cuaj kaum, lub kaum hli ntuj 25 thaum 9 am, Soviet troops nkag mus hauv lub nroog. Yog li twb Petsamo-Kirkenes lag luam.

Pab zos patriots

Nrog rau kev tso tawm ntawm ntau settlements sab nraum lub Soviet Union txhawb cov Soviet pab tub rog muab lawv cov neeg nyob. Nws yog tsis muaj kev zam thiab lub Petsamo-Kirkenes offensive. Cov qhabnias ntawm lub sib ntaus sib tua npauj yuav tsawg kev vam meej yog hais tias tsis kev pab los ntawm lub zos patriots. Yog li, yuam Yar Fjord nqa nuv ntses tej nkoj nquam, thiab amphibians. Norwegian Patriots mus rau hauv lub hiav txwv nyob rau hauv ob lub cev muaj zog-tej nkoj nquam tshaj yog ib tug poj pab mus rau lub Soviet cov tub rog. City cawm nej dim lub crews ntawm tej nkoj nquam nyob rau hauv qhov hluav taws kub ferrying cov tub rog mus rau sab tod. Nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam Elvenes Fjord nyob rau hauv hla ib ncig ntawm lub Soviet troops yuav tsum tau pib lub offensive dua. 14 Division koom nyob rau hauv ua amphibious hla rau rafts. Qhov no dua pab Norwegian patriots. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg hauv zos tuaj thiab Beck Fjord. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim Petsamo-Kirkenes lag luam loj settlements tau raug tso tawm:

1. Svanvik.
2. Sandnes.
3. Munkelven.
4. Fosstord.
5. Trangsund.
6. Sturbukt.
7. Neiden.
8. Tarnet.
9. Langfordbotn.
10. Vokterbolig.
11. Bernevann.
12. Kroftfeterbukt.
13. Vierlunn.
14. Buholmen.

nco

Reconnaissance Northern Fleet poob thaum capturing Liinhamari, faus nyob Cape Cross, nyob rau hauv nws heev high point. Lub loj lub ntxa muaj qhov seem ntawm 20 cov neeg. Lub monument yog pom los ntawm afar. Nyob rau nws muaj ib tug kos npe rau qhov twg tag nrho cov neeg uas tuag lawm uas yog los ntawm lub npe. Nyob rau hauv Kirkenesse ntsia monument rau lub Soviet tub rog nrog ib rab phom. Qhov no monument yog tsim los ntawm Norwegian sculptor Fredriksen. Lub Presidium ntawm lub USSR Supreme Soviet tsa lub puav pheej "Rau qhov Arctic tiv thaiv." Nws depicts ib tug Soviet tub rog nyob rau hauv ib tug hau nrog earflaps, ib tug sheepskin tsho tiv no thiab nrog ib rab phom rau ib tug tom qab ntawm tso tsheb hlau luam, aircraft thiab ships ntawm cov rog.