Pawg neeg, haiv neeg, teb chaws - dab tsi yog hais tias? Cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub tswv yim

Tsev Neeg - qhov no yog dab tsi puag ncig txhua tus tib neeg los ntawm lub caij yug. Ib me ntsis zus li, tus me nyuam kawm paub txog cov tswv yim xws li yog txivneej los pojniam, haiv neeg, yog haiv neeg twg, lub teb chaws. Thaum lub sij hawm, nws pib kom to taub, uas xeem thiab lub teb chaws belongs rau, yog me ntsis txog cov lawv kab lis kev cai. Feem ntau, txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si rau cov me nyuam thiab cov laus muaj tsis meej pem ntawm zoo xws li cov nqe lus xws li haiv neeg, lub teb chaws, haiv neeg, pawg neeg, xeem. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias lawv yog feem ntau pom tias synonymous, lawv muaj ntau tus nqi.

Lub ntsiab lus ntawm "haiv neeg"

Lo lus "haiv neeg" nyob rau hauv Greek lus txhais tau tias "neeg." Nyuam qhuav pib no lub sij hawm meant ib lub zej lub zos ntawm cov neeg koom los ntawm kinship los ntawm cov ntshav.

Niaj hnub no, lub tswvyim ntawm haiv neeg tau ua ntau wider.
Tam sim no pawg haiv neeg sawv tawm tsis tau tsuas yog los ntawm lub koom haum, tab sis kuj tag nrho cov cheeb tsam ntawm qhov chaw nyob, kev hais lus, kab lis kev cai, thiab lwm yam.

Lub ntsiab yam ntawm haiv neeg

Tsab xeem lis, cov tsev neeg, pab pawg neeg, haiv neeg, haiv neeg - yog hom haiv neeg. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm lawv tseem muaj lub theem ntawm lub keeb kwm evolution ntawm lub haiv neeg.

Raws li cov qib siab ntawm pawg haiv neeg, muaj cov rau hom ntawm lawv:

• tsev neeg;
• tub los ntxhais;
• xeem;
• pawg neeg;
• haiv neeg;
• lub teb chaws.

Lawv tag nrho cov muaj nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam keeb kwm lub sij hawm, tab sis tom qab hloov nyob rau hauv tus ntawm sab nraud thiab sab hauv yam. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov hom raws li tsev neeg, cov laus thiab pawg neeg nyob rau hauv ib tug civilized haiv neeg tau ntev txij li disappeared los yog nyob twj ywm raws li kev lig kev cai. Nyob rau hauv ib txhia qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj chaw, lawv tseem nyob ua ib ke.

Feem ntau cov zaum ntseeg tias tseem ceeb tshaj plaws theem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm lub haiv neeg pab pawg neeg yog ib pawg neeg, haiv neeg, teb chaws. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias cov haiv neeg yog tsis nyob rau kinship, ntau raws li lawv kev cai thiab kev nyiaj txiag hauv paus.

Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias niaj hnub kws tshawb fawb tej zaum sawv thiab xya yam ntawm haiv neeg pab pawg neeg - haiv neeg lub teb chaws ntawm pej xeem. Nws yog ntseeg hais tias lub neej niaj hnub yog maj tsiv mus rau qib no.

Tsev neeg, kwvtij thiab xeem

Tus me tshaj haiv neeg lub zej zog yog tsev neeg (ib lub koom haum ntawm cov neeg muaj feem xyuam rau ib leeg los ntawm cov ntshav). Nws yog noteworthy tias ua ntej mus rau tsim ntawm xws li ib tug pej xeem lub tsev kawm ntawv, raws li ib tug tsev neeg, pab pawg neeg kev sib yuav tau faib. Nws twb tau soj xyuas nyob rau hauv cov kev sib raug zoo ntawm leej niam, thiaj li mus nrhiav kom tau leej twg lub txiv ntawm ib tug me nyuam, nws yog yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua. Group sib yuav luv luv-nyob txij thaum heev inbreeding hlau thiab, raws li ib tug tsim nyog tau, degeneration.

Kom tsis txhob no, lub nws thiaj li tsim ib qho haiv neeg lub zej zog - ib tug tsi. Genera tsim raws li nyob rau hauv lub nkag mus rau hauv lub ntsig txog lub union ntawm ib tug ob peb tsev neeg. Rau ib ntev lub sij hawm pab pawg neeg txoj kev yog feem ntau. Txawm li cas los, nrog ib qho kev nce rau hauv lub xov tooj ntawm cov tswv cuab ntawm lub genus dua muaj ib tug txaus ntshai ntawm sib deev, yuav tsum tau ib tug "tshiab" cov ntshav.

Nyob rau lub hauv paus ntawm kev yug menyuam pib tsim tsab xeem lis. Raws li ib tug txoj cai, lawv raug hu ua los yog lub npe hu txwv zeej txwv koob-founder los yog ib tug totem tsiaj, Revered li cov patron thiab protector. Tsab xeem lis, feem ntau yog muaj lub teb chaws, yuav pub. Niaj hnub no, cov xeem system tseem raws li ib tug kev lig kev cai txawm nyob rau hauv Nyiv, Scotland thiab ib co Indian pab pawg neeg nyob rau hauv North thiab South America. Incidentally, lub sij hawm "cov ntshav sib ceg" tau txais nws cov ntau lub npe nrog rau cov hav zoov no haiv neeg lub zej zog.

pawg neeg

Qhov saum toj no-hais hom haiv neeg yog heev me me nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj ntawm lawv cov neeg sawv cev, raws li nyob rau hauv kinship. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, pawg neeg, haiv neeg, teb chaws - nws yog loj thiab ntau tsim haiv neeg.

Thaum lub sij hawm, haiv neeg, raws li nyob rau hauv kinship, pib evolve mus rau hauv pab pawg neeg. Tus qauv ntawm cov pab pawg neeg muaj ob peb genera thiab tsab xeem lis, yog li ntawd tsis yog txhua txhua tus tswv cuab ntawm nws tsev neeg. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nrog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm pab pawg neeg lub neej maj pib qhia cov chav kawm ntawv. Piv nrog rau me nyuam thiab tsab xeem lis, pab pawg neeg heev heev heev.

Feem ntau pab pawg neeg tau koom qhov yuav tsum tau los mus tiv thaiv lawv lub teb chaws los ntawm intruders, tab sis thaum lub sij hawm lawv pib tsim lawv cov kev ntseeg, kev cai, thiab cov lus.

Nyob rau hauv ib tug civilized haiv neeg, cov pab pawg neeg tau ntev mus nyob qhovtwg li, tab sis nyob rau hauv ntau tsawg tsim haiv neeg niaj hnub no ua si ib tug loj luag hauj lwm (nyob rau hauv teb chaws Africa, teb chaws Australia thiab Polynesia, rau ib co teb chaws sov Islands tuaj).

lub teb chaws

Nyob rau hauv lub tom ntej no theem ntawm evolution, uas twb raug mus rau haiv neeg (pawg neeg, haiv neeg, teb chaws), muaj lub xeev. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias cov mej zeej ntawm lub pawg neeg loj hlob ntxiv txhim kho ntawm no hom ntawm haiv neeg ntau lub xyoo, tag nrho cov zoo tag nrho. Los ze zog mus rau lub sij hawm ntawm tus qhev system nyob xws li ib tug tshaj plaws raws li ib tug lub teb chaws.

Nationality sawv nyob rau hauv thawj qhov chaw tsis yog vim tsev neeg ties los yog qhov yuav tsum tau los tiv thaiv lawv cov av, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm lub tsim kab lis kev cai, kev cai lij choj (muaj es tsis txhob ntawm pab pawg neeg kev lis kev cai), nyiaj txiag zej zog. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, lub teb chaws differed los ntawm pab pawg neeg uas muaj tsis cia li sawv nyob rau ntawm tej chaw uas zoo heev, tab sis kuj muaj peev xwm tsim lawv tus kheej lub xeev.

Teb chaws thiab haiv neeg

lub teb chaws tsim yog tom ntej no thiab lub siab heev tshaj plaws rau hnub tim, milestone haiv neeg evolution (pawg neeg, haiv neeg).

Teb chaws - yog tsis yog ib tug grouping ntawm cov neeg nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov cheeb tsam ntawm qhov chaw nyob, kev hais lus, kev sib txuas lus thiab kab lis kev cai, tab sis kuj rau zoo xws li cov puas siab puas ntsws yam ntxwv (lub teb chaws yog leejtwg), raws li zoo raws li keeb kwm kev nco. Lub teb chaws yog sib txawv, nws haiv neeg hais tias nws cov neeg sawv cev muaj peev xwm ua tsim tau ib haiv neeg uas ib tug tsim kev khwv nyiaj txiag, lub system ntawm cov lag luam tawm kev sib raug zoo, ntawm ntiag tug txoj cai, lub teb chaws kab lis kev cai.

Nrog lub tswvyim ntawm "lub teb chaws" yog txuam tshwm sim los ntawm haiv neeg - teej tug mus rau ib tug kev lub teb chaws los yog lub xeev.

Nthuav lus tseeb hais txog cov evolution ntawm cov haiv neeg

Thoob plaws hauv keeb kwm, feem ntau haiv neeg tau dhau tag nrho cov theem ntawm evolution ntawm lub haiv neeg: tsev neeg, kwvtij, xeem, pawg neeg, haiv neeg, teb chaws. Qhov no tau pab mus rau rov tshwm sim ntawm zoo-paub hnub no, haiv neeg thiab lub teb chaws.

Nws yog noteworthy tias, raws li tus ideology ntawm kev siab phem, muaj ib tug xaiv lub teb chaws, tsim los ua kom puas tag nrho cov lwm tus neeg lub sij hawm. Qhov ntawd yog vim li cas kev tau qhia thoob plaws keeb kwm, txhua haiv neeg tsis muaj kev sis raug zoo nrog rau lwm cov degenerates. Yog li ntawd, yog hais tias muaj ib tug purebred Aryans, tom qab ib tug ob peb tiam, feem ntau ntawm cov teb chaws no yuav tau raug kev txom nyem los ntawm ib tug ntau yam ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam genetic kab mob.

Muaj pawg haiv neeg, tsis tsim raws li cov kev (tsev neeg, xeem, pawg neeg, haiv neeg, teb chaws), - cov neeg ntawm ua Ixayees, piv txwv li. Yog li ntawd, txawm lub fact tias cov neeg Yudais hu ua lawv tus kheej cov neeg, los ntawm txoj kev ntawm lub xeem, lawv twb raug (cov txwv zeej txwv koob Abraham, kinship ntawm tag nrho cov neeg). Tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm cia li ob peb tiam, lawv kuj muaj peev xwm mus nrhiav tau tej yam tshwm sim hauv lub teb chaws nrog ib tug ntshiab system ntawm kev cai lij choj thiab nyiaj txiag kev sib raug zoo, thiab tom qab ntawd tsim ib tug tsoom fwv. Txawm li cas los, lawv muab khaws cia tseg ib tug ntshiab xeem system, nyob rau hauv uas tsis tshua muaj mob, admitting kinship ties nrog rau lwm cov haiv neeg. Interestingly, Yog hais tias koj yuav tsis muaj cov ntseeg Vajtswv, stripped neeg Yudais mus rau hauv ob tawm tsam camps, raws li zoo raws li lub fact tias lawv lub xeev tau puas lawm, thiab cov neeg lawv tus kheej tau tshem, cov neeg Yudais yuav tos degeneration.

Niaj hnub no, cov neeg nyob hauv cov haiv neeg ntawm haiv neeg. Teej tug mus rau ib tug ntawm lawv txiav txim tsis tau tsuas yog lub siab thiab tib neeg nco qab, tab sis nws standard of living. Interestingly, feem ntau tsim lub teb chaws niaj hnub no - ib tug multinational, thiaj li hais tias cov yuav ua rau muaj inter-haiv neeg lub teb chaws ntawm pej xeem yog heev.