Philosopher Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn: Biography, tus kheej lub neej, quotes

Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn - ib qho ntawm feem ci ntsa iab, paradoxical thiab charismatic philosopher ntawm lub thib nees nkaum caug xyoo. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias nws twb tsis lees paub los ntawm nws lub contemporaries thiab twb tu los ntawm zej zog, nws muaj ib tug yawm cawv rau cov tsim ntawm niaj hnub ntsiab cai thiab kev cai lij choj ntawm kev xav. Wittgenstein yog tus thawj ntawm tsawg kawg yog peb ntse philosophical tiam sis - zajlus kom positivism, lus philosophy thiab lus tsom xam.

cov ntaub ntawv kawm vitae

Austria thiab lub UK tau muaj ib tug yawm cawv rau hauv lub neej thiab philosophy ntawm no txawj xav zoo kawg li Ludwig Wittgenstein. Luv luv biography kom meej meej qhia no. Chaw yug ntawm lub philosopher nyob rau hauv Vienna nyob rau hauv ib qho ntawm feem nto moo thiab richest tsev neeg ntawm cov Austro-Hungarian Empire. Nws txiv yog ib tug naas ej engineer thiab mogul, thiab nws niam yog zoo li los ntawm ib tug neeg Yudas thaum ub tsev neeg.

Zoo li nws txiv, Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn pib kawm engineering, nyob rau hauv particular, xav nyob rau hauv constructing tuag kiag li lawm. Thaum lub sij hawm, qhov no coj nws mus rau qhov teeb meem ntawm lub philosophical cov me nyuam yaus ntawm kev kawm txog zauv. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, muaj tej yam uas xav Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn. Biography ntawd hais tias nws yog fond ntawm cov suab paj nruag, sculpture, architecture, ntaub ntawv thiab kos duab. Nyob rau hauv lub thib nees nkaum xyoo pua thaum ntxov, Wittgenstein mus rau Cambridge, qhov uas nws los ua ib tug apprentice thiab tom qab pab thiab cov phooj ywg, tus naas ej philosopher Bertrand Russell.

Thaum lub sij hawm lub ntiaj teb ua ntej tsov rog, Wittgenstein volunteered rau pem hauv ntej, qhov twg nws twb ntes. Thaum lub sij hawm nws nyob hauv lub tsev nkuaj camp, nws yuav luag tas nws ib tug nto moo tshaj plaws ua hauj lwm - "Kev sib nqe Logico-Philosophicus" - uas muaj ib tug loj loj cawv rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm European thiab ntiaj teb no philosophy. Tom qab hais tias, nws ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug kws qhia ntawv nyob rau hauv ib tug dog dig lub zos lub tsev kawm ntawv. Thaum lub sij hawm, Wittgenstein realizes hais tias nws lub tswv yim yog kev lom zem ntau flawed thiab xav tau kev pab yuav tsum tau zoo, nws thiaj li rov xa rov qab mus rau lub UK, qhov uas nws tseem ua hauj lwm rau nws treatise, thaum ib tug xib fwb ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Cambridge.

Thaum lub sij hawm ua tsov ua rog II lub ntiaj teb no nws ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug kho mob orderly, thiab yog koom nyob rau hauv lub tshiab kev taw qhia - lub philosophy ntawm cov lus. Wittgenstein tuag nyob rau hauv 1953 los ntawm prostate cancer. Tag nrho nws lub tswv yim nyob rau hauv lub philosophy ntawm lus raug luam tawm posthumously.

Early philosophy ntawm Wittgenstein

Nyob rau hauv nws tus xyoo Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn yog fond ntawm active kev ua hauj lwm ntawm kev sau ntawv-ib qho tseem ceeb avant-garde nyob rau hauv Vienna, thiab yog tseem xav nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim ntawm Karl Kraus - "Tsau" magazine editor uas ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv qhov kev sib cais ntawm tus nqi thiab lub sij kos duab. Muaj zog cawv rau Wittgenstein kuj muaj cov tswv yim ntawm Frege thiab Russell, nyob rau hauv uas nws ua hauj lwm rau ib ntev lub sij hawm. Los ntawm cov thawj nws tau saws lub tswv yim ntawm ib tug propositional muaj nuj nqi, yeej muaj tseeb muaj nqis thiab semantic sib txawv ntawm lub ntsiab lus thiab tus nqi ntawm kab zauv nyob rau hauv cov lus ntawm lub thib ob - cov lus tsom xam txoj kev nyob rau hauv ib cov zajlus kom txoj kev, uas muaj xws li ib tug kev tshawb fawb rau "atomic" tseeb, raws li zoo li ib co ntsiab ntawm cov zajlus kom piav qhia txog kev kawm txog zauv.

Tus thawj cov zajlus kom Wittgenstein lub tswv yim tau formulated nyob rau hauv nws "chaw muag mis nyuj" nyob qhov twg nws tham txog lub possibilities ntawm ib tug tshiab logic thiab cov zajlus kom syntax. Cov kev xav los ua lub hauv paus rau nws tseem ceeb ua hauj lwm ntawm lub sij hawm no - "Kev sib nqe Logico-Philosophicus".

"Kev sib nqe Logico-Philosophicus"

Cov ua hauj lwm twb luam tawm nyob rau hauv 1921, thawj zaug nyob rau German thiab ces - nyob rau hauv lus Askiv. Cov phau ntawv yog sau nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cais aphorisms uas yog siv rau cov kev kho mob ntawm nws lub tswv yim Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn. Quotes yog muab tso rau tom ntej no mus rau lub sib nug xov cov nuj nqis ntawm lub theem ntawm kev tseem ceeb ntawm lub aphorism.

Txawm tias kev zoo sib thooj nrog lub tswv yim ntawm Russell thiab Frege, cov phau ntawv yog nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev uas cim. Nyob rau hauv lub treatise seb puas tsimnyog tau rau lo lus nug ntawm lub possibilities thiab kev txwv ntawm kev xav, tus sau combines lub tswv yim kev xav thiab hais lus, thiab philosophy ntawm lub tib lub sij hawm ua raws li ib tug peculiar daim ntawv ntawm analytical lus thuam. Nyob rau hauv Wittgenstein lub tswvyim ntawm cov lus ua hauj lwm pab raws li ib tug los ntawm qhov tseeb, uas yog tau vim tias nyob hauv cov zajlus kom qauv ntawm cov lus. Qhov no lus qhuab qhia yog tseem ua si ib qho tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv niaj hnub Western kev txawj ntse qhia.

Lig Wittgenstein lub philosophy

Thaum lub sij hawm, Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn tau rethought nws txoj hauj lwm thiab tsis kam ib tug priori qauv ntawm cov lus. Nws taw rau tus ntau yam ntawm cov lo lus thiab cov nqe lus uas yog siv nyob rau hauv tej yam ntuj tso lus. Nyob rau hauv raws li cov lus no tsis tswvyim npaj ib puas siab puas ntsws duab ntawm cov kev kawm, tsuas yog siv cov lus nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus teb nyob rau hauv raws li cov lus cov kev cai muab txoj kev ib tug tej yam muaj nuj nqis.

Wittgenstein ua hauj lwm nrog ib lub sij hawm xws li lus ua si, qhov chaw uas txhua txhua lo lus derives nws cov ntsiab lus tsuas yog thaum tej yam tej yam kev mob uas tau ntsib cov kev ua si. Wittgenstein tseem ntsiab lus mus rau qhov yuav tsum hais kom cov lus. Lig Wittgenstein lub philosophical txoj hauj lwm yog piav nyob rau hauv nws cov hauj lwm "Philosophical soj ntsuam".

"Philosophical soj ntsuam"

Qhov kawg loj phau ntawv nws tau ua hauj lwm rau Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn. Philosophy luv luv piav txij li thaum cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov phau ntawv, qhov chaw uas tus sau cov ntsiab lus tawm hais tias yuav tsum tau mus xav txog qhov no ua hauj lwm raws li muab piv rau lub "Kev sib nqe".

Nyob rau hauv sib piv rau lub ua ntej lawm ua hauj lwm, "Philosophical soj ntsuam" muaj cov yaj saub style thiab muab faib ua ob qhov chaw. Thawj feem muaj cov nram qab no qauv:

• Lub tswvyim ntawm cov lus thiab nws cov ntsiab lus.
• Analysis epistemological thiab puas siab puas ntsws tswv yim.
• Analysis thoob ntiaj teb sib nrauj yav tas los hais lub tswv yim.

Qhov thib ob yog ib feem ntawm phau ntawv tsawg tshaj li ib block thiab muaj ib tug tsis tas saib. Ntawm no tus sau hais txog cov lus, lawv tseem ceeb thiab muaj nuj nqi ntawm philosophy nyob rau hauv cov teeb meem.

Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn - ib qho ntawm feem mysterious philosophers ntawm lub thib nees nkaum caug xyoo. Tsis zoo li nws lub contemporaries, nws yuav tsis tsuas xav, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv raws li lawv views. Nws yog ua tsaug rau nws hais tias philosophy yog tus philosophy ntawm hom lus - lub science uas tshuaj xyuas yuav ua li cas cov neeg pom thiab piav qhia txog lub ntiaj teb no.