Pob Txha Tuam Tshoj. Wb tau ntsib

Yog hais tias lub architecture - yog carved nyob rau hauv lub pob zeb lub suab paj nruag, lub iav - Nws yog tej zaum frozen hlis. Nws yog zoo dua lub npe hu hais tias cov iav yog invented nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj nyob rau hauv lub VI caug xyoo. Cov pub leejtwg ntawm nws cov yog nruj me ntsis guarded li ntawd xwb nyob rau hauv lub XVI xyoo pua nyob rau hauv Nyiv yog pib los tsim cov khoom xws li Suav. Iav muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm lub iav loj yog muab faib mus rau hauv ib qho nyuaj thiab mos mos. Thiab ib yam ntawm cov kev txuas ntawm lawv yog cov pob txha Tuam Tshoj. Qhov no muaj nuj nqis heev zoo ntawm ceramics tseem hu ua "dawb kub". Thiab nws tsis yog cia li nqi los yog ntau lawm tshwj xeeb. Cov khoom ua los ntawm nws muaj peev xwm yuav ntaus nqi mus rau hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab, zoo meej nyob rau hauv nws cov qauv thiab daim ntawv.

Lub keeb kwm ntawm cov me nyuam yug

Nrhiav nyob rau dawb, nrog rau ib tug me kov cov ci mis nyuj, yuav luag pob tshab nkig txuj ci tseem ceeb yog ib qho nyuaj rau ntseeg tau hais tias lub tiav lawm iav yog raug rho tawm haujlwm ntawm 1250 degrees, lub glaze yog ua ntawv thov thiab raug rho tawm haujlwm dua, kom txhob muaj cov kub rau 100 degrees. Thawj pob txha Tuam Tshoj yog invented nyob rau hauv ces nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub XVIII xyoo pua nyob rau hauv lub Hoobkas Dzhoshua Vedzhvuda. Rau ntau xyoo lub monopoly rau zus tau tej cov nws yog muaj los hais. Ib tug pub leejtwg paub muaj nyob rau hauv lub fact tias nyob rau hauv cov tsoos slurry rau iav (sib tov ntawm kaolin, Feldspar thiab quartz) yog ntxiv rau 50 feem pua burnt pob txha noj mov. Ntawm no nws yog ib yam dab tsi thiab muab amazing khoom yam ntxwv: lightness, translucency, smoothness thiab durability. Tab sis pob txha tshauv yuav tsum tau muab npaj nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb txoj kev uas yuav pob txha Tuam Tshoj tau ua tus zoo zoo nkauj tshooj yeeb tshuaj, zus tau tej cov uas yog li ntawd jealously guarded los ntawm lub British. Qhov zoo ces, tag nrho cov secrets ntsoov ua paub. Iav ua nyob rau hauv ces, kov yeej cov teb chaws Europe, thiab ces cov teb chaws Asia. Ironically pob txha Tuam Tshoj Tuam Tshoj pib siv cov yuav luag tag nrho cov lwm lub teb chaws tom qab.

Conquest ntawm Russia

Nyob rau hauv Russia, los ntawm nruab nrab ntawm lub XVIII xyoo pua majolica ntau lawm yog tsim. Loj heev majolica cov khoom uas tsis inferior nyob rau hauv zoo rau European. Tsim iav ntau lawm nyob rau hauv Russia tseem xav Peter kuv, kom nws mus kawm ntawm daim card ntawm ua iav nyob rau hauv Meissen. Lub sim ua tsis tau tejyam. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv 1724, nyob rau hauv iav Hoobkas merchant Grebenshchikov, thiab tom qab ntawd nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg Siv pib los tsim nws tus kheej lawm txheej txheem. Nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, nyob rau hauv 1744, twb nrhiav tau los ntawm Lomonosov, rau nkawv noj Imperial, iav Hoobkas, uas yog tus thawj nyob rau hauv Russia rau zus tau tej cov iav. Nws nyob ntawm no rau cov Empress Elizabeth manufactured snuff, thiab ces loj yam: vases, tais diav thiab thaum kawg me nyuam roj hmab. Khoom Lomonosov iav Hoobkas (LFZ) Zoo me ntsis ua tsis tau zoo mus rau Suav, tiam sis lawv npaum li cas cheaper. Thiab yog dab tsi yog pob txha Tuam Tshoj? Nws twb xub ua nyob rau Lomonosov iav Hoobkas nyob rau hauv 1969 xwb. Russia tus thawj yam khoom los ntawm cov khoom no muaj ib khob. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tshuaj coj ntau tshaj li ob lub xyoos, tab sis Pob Txha Tuam Tshoj LPF kom tau ib tug zoo lus Askiv, thinner, hniav dawb thiab ntau pob tshab. Rau nws txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag cov kws txawj twb muab tsub lub USSR State nqi zog. Thiab kom deb li deb lub Lomonosov iav Hoobkas - lub xwb Lavxias teb sab tsim kom muaj cov zoo zoo nkauj tshooj pob txha Tuam Tshoj.

es tsis txhob, ncaws

Lub koob meej ntawm iav nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no yog txiav txim los ntawm nws lub zog: txoj kev zoo nkauj, lub elegance, lub ntau yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, cov xim palette. Iav khaws tshav kub rau ib ntev lub sij hawm, tej sab hauv yuav kho figurines, vases, sculptures. Peerless masterpieces los ntawm cov pob txha Tuam Tshoj - ib hom ntawm kev hu mus rau card ntawm Russia. Lawv yuav muab rau high-qeb duas ua hauj lwm, sau, muab tso rau hauv lub tsev khaws, lawv adorn palaces thiab cozy tsev.