Quantum internet - dab tsi nws yog, yuav ua li cas nws ua hauj lwm? Cov kev pab cuam. quantum network

Tsis ntev los no kev tshawb fawb pom tau hais los nyob sab Europe thiab Lavxias teb sab zaum tau qhia tias lub zog ntawm tus quantum thiab classical ntaub ntawv yuav ntse co nyob ua ib ke tsis pub dhau rau ib thaj tsam ntawm lub tib lub fiber-optic cov ntaub ntawv broadcasting kab. Qhov no ua rau nws tau nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej rau ib tug gradual kev hloov los ntawm cov tsoos Internet mus rau lub network nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm lub paradoxes ntawm elementary hais, quantum Internet.

Peb leeb kev tshawb fawb

Nyob rau hauv lub computer kev lag luam zus coup. Physicists los ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Pennsylvania hais tias tom qab plaub lub xyoos ntawm cov pa silicon chips yuav ncav cuag lawv cov kev txwv. Txo lawv ntxiv yog tsis tau, li ntawd, cov pa computers tsis muaj nyob rau ib tug ntev lub sij hawm.

Lawv yuav tau los hloov los ntawm ib tug fundamentally tshiab technology, quantum computers. Es tsis txhob chips yuav elementary hais. Qhov no ua rau nws ua tau rau dramatically txo qhov luaj li cas thiab txhim kho kev kawm. Thaum cov prototypes tsis ua hauj lwm sai tshaj qeeb qeeb computers, tab sis nws tsuas yog ib tug teeb meem ntawm lub sij hawm. Nyob rau hauv lem, siv ib tug loj loj tej zaum, yuav tsum tau mus rau ntau sai sai daws teeb meem thiab muaj teeb meem nyob rau hauv qhov kev siv ntawm ib tug fundamentally tshiab quantum Internet.

Mysteries ntawm quantum Internet

Yuav ua li cas yog ib quantum internet? Yuav ua li cas yog nws thiab dab tsi yog nws essence? Qhov txawv yog hais tias nws yog raws li nyob rau hauv cov kev cai ntawm quantum mechanics. Nws twb pom los zaum raws li ib tug kub, hnyav cheeb tsam uas yuav siv tau los piav qhia txog qhov tshwm sim tsis qoos taub. Ib tug ntawm lawv yog cov photoelectric nyhuv.

Paradoxes ntawm quantum physics nyob rau hauv cov kev pab cuam rau cov tib neeg

Tam sim no, nws yog ib qhov tseeb: nyob rau hauv peb cov nyob ze yav tom ntej yuav nkag mus rau lub phenomenon ntawm quantum internet. Yuav ua li cas yuav nws coj peb los yog yuav ua li cas nws yuav ua tau? Tej zaum nws yuav muaj lwm haiv neeg, xws li cov kev taw qhia ntawm semiconductor transistors nyob rau hauv lub dhau los lawm.

Nws txoj ntsiab cai no raws li nyob rau hauv cov cuab yeej ntawm superposition thiab quantum entanglement. Nws twb tsis muaj ib qho kev tig, thiab xab ib ob opposite qhia. Rau ib tug ntau ua tiav kev nkag siab ntawm qhov no txhais tau hais tias txhua tus elementary particle, uas yog cov lus qhia invisibly txuas nrog nws "ruam" khub. Ntxiv mus, qhov kev ncua deb nruab nrab ntawm lawv tsis ua si ib lub luag hauj lwm, cov ntaub ntawv yog kis instantly.

Siv cov anomalous cai cib fim rau kev ceev thiab cov ntaub ntawv tsis pub lwm. Kev cuam tshuam cov lus qhia xa mus nyob rau hauv no txoj kev, mus unnoticed, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua: tej kev nyeem ntawv yoojyim ib co kua nplaum, los yog rhuav tshem cov thawj cov ntaub ntawv.

Ceev ceev tshaj xav

Nrog hais txog qhov tseeb cov ntaub ntawv rau qhov ntsuas cov ntaub ntawv tus nqi, ces lawv ntaus peb lub tswv yim. Nws tshaj cov kev ceev ntawm lub teeb kaum txhiab lub sij hawm. Tab sis, feem ntau yuav, nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, zaum yuav pom tau tias lub teeb liab kis tau tus mob ceev yog ntau tshaj li yav tas los hais tseg, xws li ib tug quantum internet. Ua li cas nws txhais li cas? Yuav ua li cas peb yuav muab nws mus rau? Tej zaum taw qhia ib tug yav tas los unimaginable mus rau hauv qhov chaw thiab tshiab discoveries.

Tshiab yees nyob rau hauv photons

Nyob rau hauv lub technology hloov dua siab tshiab ntawm photons nyob rau hauv lub teev nruab nrab Lavxias teb sab zaum tau pom daim ntawv thov artificially zus muaju, namely pob zeb diamond. Nws hloov tawm hais tias thaum lub teeb kis tau los ntawm tus siv lead ua, nws yuav dej thiab pib txoj kev vaj tse dauv vortices yoj. Nws yuav muab xa mus rau tej raws. Nyob rau hauv kev, nws behaves zoo li ib tug kua. Nyob rau hauv kev, nws yuav muab faib rau ib tug qeeb heev ceev los yog txawm nres.

Nws yog heev nthuav rau hauv ib tes, thiab tseem ceeb heev vim hais tias nws tso cai rau koj mus muab nrog lub teeb thiab ua dab tsi, xws li mus muab tau cov tshwm sim ntawm quantum internet. Qhov no tso cai rau kom siv raws li cov ntaub ntawv hloov lwm lub tsev neeg sawv cev. Tam sim no nws cov ntsiab cab kuj yog cov hluav taws xob xwb. Tab sis nws yog ib qho zoo tag nrho yuav kwv. Yog li ntawd, tej zog los yog acceleration ntawm hluav taws xob xwb tau nyob rau hauv lub zog poob, uas nkag mus rau hauv ib puag ncig thiab heats lub processor thiab chipset Cheebtsam.

Lub Internet nws tus kheej lawm nyob ib ncig ntawm noob neej rau ntau tshaj 5% ntawm lub zog nws ua. Yog li ntawd, kev hloov ntawm photons electron tob yuav txo tus enormous nqi zog tsis tau. Raws li, cov nqi ntawm cov Internet xwb yuav poob.

Quantum Internet nyob rau hauv Russia

lub quantum Internet tej hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab yog cim. Dua li ntawm qhov uas tsis muaj nyiaj pab thiab tag nrho cov xaiv ntawm obstacles, tus neeg tshawb fawb ua thwmsim thiab tiav txaus nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no tau ua txoj hauj lwm. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, nws muaj kev tswj los mus tsim ib tug tshwj xeeb, high-qib chaw ua hauj lwm. Nws combines kev sim thiab theoretical pab pawg, raws li zoo raws li tau thov kev tshawb fawb. Qhov no koom haum yog cov nyiaj txiag nyob rau hauv ib feem "Gazprombank", tej los ntawm cov xeev nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntaub ntawv. Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, qhov no yog ib qho piv txwv uas yuav tsum tau ua raws li los ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab science, tsis siv ceev xwmphem ntawm tsis muaj dab tsi.

Tsum yeej xwb tshiab territories

Thaum lub tam sim no theem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm quantum Internet yuav tsuas yog hu ua ib tug ntaub ntawv tiv thaiv technology siv quantum cryptography. Zoo ib yam li tes hauj lwm ntawm hnub no yog theej yooj yim point-to-point. Zaum nrhiav kev los tsim kev sib koom kev daws teeb meem, nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm uas muab ib tug ntau yam ntawm raws thiab cov hau kev ntawm encryption.

Yog hais tias peb ua raws li qhov kev siv ntawm lub tswv yim, qhov kev tshwm sim ntawm Lavxias teb sab kev soj ntsuam yuav tsum tseem ceeb tshaj. Ib tug piv txwv - ib zaug xwb-photon emitter ntes, tsim nyob rau Kurchatov lub koom haum.

Rau lub hav zoov ntawm xws discoveries li quantum Internet, zaum yuav kom daws tau qhov complexity ntawm combining tshwj xeeb cov khoom rau quantum cov ntaub ntawv thiab uas twb muaj lawm telecommunications tes hauj lwm niaj hnub no.

Lub ntsiab teeb meem pw nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm switching thiab teeb liab amplification. Yog hais tias koj xa cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm ib tug quantum txheem rau kho qhov muag fiber, nws yuav tsis kis tau los ntawm cov regenerator. Yog li ntawd ib tug ntawm lub ntsiab rau qhov no transformation mus rau hauv ib qho hluav taws xob lub teeb liab thiab ces rov qab mus rau lub starting txoj hauj lwm.

Niaj hnub no tsuas pub tromstam kilometers. Qhov no deb, uas yog tsim nyog los tsim ib tug optical teeb liab lwm. Tsis tas li ntawd peb yuav tsum tau ib tsab quantum mus. Tag nrho cov ntim ntawm lub xub ntiag ntawm puab cov teeb meem yuav daws tau xwb tsis pub dhau kaum xyoo. Txawm li cas los, cov zaum cam txog tau "lub caij" quantum internet. Yuav ua li cas nws yuav coj thiab yuav ua li cas tau kev pab? Niaj hnub no muaj yog tsis muaj ib qho lus teb, tab sis cov nqe lus nug ntawm plaug thiab nqa cov yees rau qhov dog dig inhabitants, kom meej meej txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm lub neej thiab kev ruaj ntseg.

Ib tug tshiab era pib

Tuam Tshoj hnub no tau muab ib tug nquag project xa ib quantum network rau 1,200 kilometers siv satellite. Thaum lub caij, mus txog ib tug tshaj plaws deb ntawm ib puas kilometers. Soj ntsuam tau tsim yuav ua li cas los tiv thaiv lub teeb liab los ntawm lub weathering tej yam kev mob. Txawm li cas los, qhov no nov ntawm nqaij tawv muaj tsawg ua nrog teleportation, uas yog nce txhua txhua xyoo, thiab quantum cryptography, nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, tus tshiab encryption system.

Ib tug quantum code yog tsis tau mus hack, los yog es thaum nws yog tawg ntaub ntawv disappears. Nyob rau hauv lub hnub nyoog ntawm kev sib tham isthawmnev rog txhais tau tias tas. Quantum cryptography tau ntev enjoyed los ntawm cov neeg uas nrhiav kev ruaj ntseg guarantees. Raws li ib qho piv txwv, ib tug ob peb xyoos dhau los, Swiss lub tsev txhab nyiaj pib mus pauv cov ntaub ntawv hais txog lawv cov neeg muas zaub los ntawm ib tug quantum network. Tam sim no lawv raug txwv mus rau ib tug ob peb kaum ntawm kilometers deb. Cov tib system yog npaj los qhia kom cov Lavxias teb sab Quantum Center, raws li zoo raws li tswv cov kis ntawm quantum Pib ntsais koj teeb ntawm qhov chaw satellite.

Cov kev taw qhia thiab siv

Thiab nyob rau lub sij hawm no nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg nruab nrab ntawm ob lub tsev kawm ntawv cov vaj tse nyob rau hauv Russia launched tus thawj quantum Internet. Cov ntaub ntawv yog kis tau los ntawm kev siv cov kev cai ntawm quantum physics. Nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no yog tam sim no investing lub smartest corporations thiab tsoom fwv. Lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kis tau tus mob technology yog rau DVR rau lub hauv paus ntawm tus uas twb muaj ib tug. Fiber-optic cable, li ib txwm computer, tab sis tus tshiab router thiab cov photon generator.

Lub hav zoov ntawm ib tug tshiab Internet pib nrog lub laser, uas yog ib qhov chaw ntawm ib photons. Lawv muaj ib tug zoo cov khoom teejtug mus rau cov hloov ntaub ntawv tiv thaiv los ntawm. Ib tug tib photon tsis tau faib. Qhov tseem ceeb yog tsim nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug yam uas kev nyeem ntawv tsis tau. Yuav kom hloov ib tug photon nyob rau hauv cov xov xwm, cov system hloov nws lub xeev, lub sij hawm ntawm tus mem tes yoj deeg. Niaj hnub no, cov theem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm quantum yees piv rau txoj kev txawb tes ntsia peb caug xyoo dhau los, ntau yuav muab qhov chaw tsib mus rau kaum xyoo thiab ib photon quanta peev xwm muab peb ib tug ruaj ntseg Internet ntaub ntawv.

Quantum Internet nyob rau hauv Kazan

Nyob rau hauv Tatarstan launched ib tug quantum Internet, nws sim zajlus yog nyob rau hauv Kazan. Qhov kev pab no yog ib qho tseem ceeb kawm tau ntawv zoo nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm quantum kev sib txuas lus nyob rau hauv Russia. Raws li zaum, nws yog kiag li tiv thaiv kab mob rau hacker tawm tsam.

Niaj hnub no, cov kev tiv thaiv ntawm peb Internet raws li nyob rau hauv lub encryption ntawm zauv algorithms, tab sis txawm lub feem ntau complex code yuav tawg. Qhov ntau haib xam tuition hackers, qhov yooj yim dua thiab ceev kom xam lub encryption algorithm.

Piav nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm technology yuav ua tus tshiab qauv ntawm lub network kev ruaj ntseg. Quantum Internet nyob rau hauv Kazan yuav muaj merged nyob rau hauv lub plaub ntshav ntawm ib tug deb ntawm 30-40 kilometers ntawm txhua lwm yam. Tus nqi ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov ob lub ntsiab lus yog hais txog ib puas txhiab dollars. Nyob rau hauv lub sim cheeb tsam network qhia quantum Internet ceev 117kb / c nrog ib tug deb ntawm ob thiab ib tug ib nrab kilometer. Qhov no tshwm sim yog ntau tshaj nyob rau hauv cov European tej kev txom nyem. Nyob rau hauv ib tug network kis tau tus mob tsis index ntawm lub quantum ntsis nyob rau hauv lub kho qhov muag channel yog nees nkaum dB. Qhov no yog sib npaug rau qhov ntev ntawm txoj kab ib puas kilometers. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias lub "Tattelecom" nyob rau hauv no peb tes num koom tes nrog cov kab ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm lub telecommunications network infrastructure.

Lub network yuav txuas lub nroog

Nyob rau hauv 2017 nws yuav tsum pib ib qhov project yuav ua kom paub tshiab technology. Quantum Internet nyob rau hauv Tatarstan yuav cia mus cuag chaw ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ntau lub zos. Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm lub ntsiab kev pab raws qib teem los ntawm lub quantum Kazan Center KNRTU-Kai thiab nws cov thawj coj. Saib lawv kev vam meej, tsis muaj tsis ntseeg ntseeg hais tias nws yuav ua tau li ntawd.