'Rail ua tsov ua rog'

Tuav rau hauv lub railway kev sib txuas lus ntawm tus yeeb ncuab-scale guerrilla hauj lwm thaum lub sij hawm ob ntiaj teb rog uas muaj lub colonel lub olden hnub, lub saboteur bomber. Nws lub tswv yim tau kev txhawb los ntawm lub taub hau ntawm TSSHPD (Central tsev hauv paus rau lub partisan zog) Lieutenant General Ponomarenko, uas tau muab rau Stalin thiab tau txais kev pom zoo rau lawv siv.

Nplai guerrilla ua phem hu ua "lag luam Rail tsov ua rog". Nws tau txiav txim siab los tuav nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tswv yim sib ntaus sib tua ntawm lub Kursk su. Nyob rau lub tswv yim ntawm no sib ntaus sib tua, qhov ratio ntawm cov yeeb ncuab rog twb txog sib npaug zos. Lub sij hawm ntawm qhov sib ntaus sib tua depended rau ib tug loj raws li nyob rau hauv yuav ua li cas ntse yuav tsum tau muaj maneuver troops siv cov reserves thiab, tseem ceeb tshaj, muab cov tej yam kev mob rau muab cov tub rog nrog rau txhua yam tsim nyog.

"Rail tsov ua rog" - twb npaj los ntawm cov kev tshwm sim. Txoj kev kawm cov chaw thiab guerrilla tsev kawm ntawv nce tus naj npawb ntawm kev kawm tshwj xeeb nyob rau hauv demolition thiab instructors.

Rau disabling tag nrho ib tug yeeb ncuab ntawm lub railway infrastructure rau lub scale nyob rau hauv uas nws tau npaj, nws yuav tsum tau ib tug lossis loj tus naj npawb ntawm detonators thiab explosives nws tus kheej, uas yog tsis yog tus guerrillas. Mov units nqa tawm los ntawm txoj kev ntev-ntau aviation rog.

"Rail tsov ua rog" los siv nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej, qhov ntev ntawm uas yog txhiab tus kilometers ntawm sab qaum teb mus rau sab qab teb thiab xya puas thiab tsib caug kilometers ntawm sab hnub poob mus rau sab hnub tuaj tob. Rauj los tuav tawm nyob rau hauv peb ua sawv, txhua tus uas yuav tsum kav rau kaum tsib rau peb caug hnub.

"Rail tsov ua rog" pib nyob rau hauv 1943, nyob rau lub yim hli ntuj 3. Communications yeeb ncuab ib txhij rov xya caum plaub txhiab guerrillas.

Ponomarenko, siv cov tswv yim Starinov tom qab tsim nws tus kheej lub hom phiaj ntawm subversive kev ua ub no. Ponomarenko xav hais tias pheej hmoo ntaus rau tus yeeb ncuab echelons tsis tsim nyog. Raws li nws, nws yog txaus mus ua pinpoint tawm tsam cov kev tsheb ciav hlau, undermining ntsia siv me me nqi. Yog li, nws npaj los tsim ib tug muaj tsis txaus ntawm kev tsheb ciav hlau lem los ntawm cov Germans thiab lub cev qhuav dej ntawm cov thauj system mus rau lub Kursk sib ntaus sib tua.

Starinov, nyob rau hauv lem, defended nws taw tes ntawm view, arguing tias tus yeeb ncuab echelons uas xaiv yaam lub hom phiaj. Dhau li ntawd rhuav tshem cov ntsia xwb txaus yuav zoo piv rau qhov tus kawm tiav ntawm kev puas tsuaj tshwm sim los ntawm lub cev qhuav dej ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau. Qhov no yuav ua rau ntau ntau ntau kev puas tsuaj thiab kev cuam tshuam nyob rau hauv lub zog.

Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, me nyuam tub twb raug xa mus rau lub tsev hauv paus ntawm lub Ukrainian thiab Ponomarenko txuas ntxiv mus siv txoj kev npaj.

Tsis muaj nws cov tsoos Soviet formalism. Ponomarenko teem ib tug meej kev npaj nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj undermined rail rau guerrilla pawg. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias qhov no mus kom ze tau coj ntau raug mob. Qhov kev txiav txim hais undermining tsis tau tsuas yog lub ntsiab, tab sis kuj hloov, raws li zoo raws li tsis zoo los yog tsis nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov kev tiv thaiv kev. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, ntau commanders xav kom tshuab me txoj kev unexploited ceg.

Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm lub Germans kawm sai sai txaus los lub "point ntawm kev puas tsuaj," uas, nws yuav tsum tau hais tias, twb feem ntau tsis muaj ntau tshaj li 30-35 centimeters. Lawv invented "railway choj", uas yog superimposed on ruined av. Tsis muaj paintings lub Nazis siv los pab txhawb cov tsis tshua muaj Belgian, Dutch ceg.

Yog li, lub "Rail tsov ua rog" nyob rau hauv thawj theem tshwm sim los ntawm ntau kwv yees ntau kev puas tsuaj rau feem ntau ntawm cov tub rog liab tshaj lub Germans.

Rau qhov thib ob thiab thib peb theem rau cov thawj coj ntawm lub guerrilla zog tau noj mus rau hauv tus account qhov yuam kev. Lub sij hawm no yog tsis nqa tawm ib "point" explosions, thiab tag li tus ntsia rau loj loj, rhuav tseg sleepers. Nyob rau hauv lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1943, cov thib peb theem.

Dua li ntawm qhov ua yuam kev, "Rail tsov ua rog" tau txo lub ntsiab cargo, uas tuaj ntawm cov teb chaws Europe mus rau sab hnub tuaj, ntau tshaj 30%.