Sab Hnub Tuaj Tebchaws. Keeb kwm ntawm lub xeev tsis

Thaum muaj kev tsov kev rog, muaj ntau lub xeev cov kev sib tw sawv saum lub hwj chim ntawm Lavxias teb sab Fabkis. Ib txhia ntawm lawv kuj siv tau thiab nyob rau xyoo lawm, thiab qee cov tseem nyob (Poland, Finland). Lub sij hawm ntawm lub neej ntawm lwm tus neeg tau tas mus li ob peb lub hlis, los yog txawm hnub. Ib qho ntawm cov xeev formations, uas sawv nyob rau ntawm lub ruins ntawm lub teb chaws Ottoman, yog Far Eastern Republic (DDA).

Tom qab ntawm DDA

Thaum pib ntawm xyoo 1920 nyob rau sab Hnub Poob ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab teb chaws Meskas yog ib qho nyuaj heev. Lub sijhawm ntawd, nws nyob rau thaj chaw no uas tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog Civil War. Thaum lub caij ua haujlwm ntawm Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm Pabcuam Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm thiab Cov Neeg Hluav Taws Xeeb (RKKA) thiab kev ua thev kev sib tshuam, lub xeev Lavxias hais lus Askiv tau tawg, nrog nws lub peev hauv Omsk, yav tas los tswj feem ntau ntawm Siberia thiab Sab Hnub Tuaj. Qhov seem ntawm qhov kev tsim no tau siv lub npe ntawm Lavxias Teb Sab Hnub Tuaj Chaw Tos thiab ua rau lawv cov zog nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Transbaikalia, nrog lub chaw nyob hauv Chita hauv qab kev tswj hwm ntawm tus nom Atama Grigory Semenov.

Nyob rau hauv Vladivostok, lub uprising txhawb los ntawm Bolsheviks yeej. Tab sis lub Soviet tsoom fwv yog nyob rau hauv tsis muaj hurry mus muab ncaj qha mus rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub RSFSR, raws li muaj ib tug kev hem thawj ntawm ib tug thib peb quab yuam nyob rau hauv lub ntsej muag ntawm Nyiv, uas tau officially qhia nws neutrality. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tau tsim nws cov tub rog nyob hauv thaj av, ua kom meej tias yog tias lub xeev Soviet txav mus rau sab hnub tuaj, nws yuav qhib nkag rau hauv kev tawm tsam nrog cov tub rog liab.

Hnub yug ntawm Far Eastern Republic

Yuav kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib cav sib ceg ntawm cov rog ntawm Tsov Rog Tub Rog thiab cov tub rog Nyij Pooj, uas tau siv sij hawm luv luv hauv Irkutsk thaum Lub Ib Hlis Ntuj xyoo 1920, Socialist Revolutionary Center twb nyob rau lub sij hawm ntawd tau tsim lub tswv yim ntawm tsim lub xeev nyob hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas. Lawm, nws coj cov hmoov txhuas hauv nws. Lub Bolsheviks kuj nyiam lub tswv yim no, tab sis nyob ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm lub xeev tshiab lawv pom tsuas yog tsoomfwv los ntawm cov tswvcuab ntawm RCP (b). Nyob rau hauv lub siab ntawm superior rog, lub Political Center raug yuam kom cede thiab tes tshaj hwj chim hauv Irkutsk rau Pawg Tub Rog Ntxeev Pawg Neeg Keeb Kwm.

Tus tsim ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj Nruab Nrab li ib lub xeev tsis tau tshwj xeeb zealously caum los ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm Irkutsk revolutionary pawg neeg, Alexander Krasnoshchekov. Yuav kom daws tau cov lus nug sab hnub poob hauv lub Peb Hlis 1920, lub koom haum tshwj xeeb tau tsim nyob hauv RCP (B.). Ntxiv rau Krasnoshchekov, feem ntau muaj koob npe ntawm Dal'buro yog Alexander Shiryamov thiab Nikolai Goncharov. Nws tau nrog lawv cov kev pab cuam nyob rau lub Plaub Hlis 6, 1920 hauv Verkhneudinsk (tam sim no Ulan-Ude) tau tsim lub xeev tshiab tsim - Far Eastern Republic.

Cov Neeg Cov Tsov Rog Rov Dawb

Cov creation ntawm lub Far Eastern Republic yuav tau ua tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa los ntawm Soviet Russia. Thaum lub Tsib Hlis 1920, nws tau lees paub qhov kev kawm tshiab rau pej xeem. Tsis ntev tom qab lub nroog Moscow tsoom fwv pib muab DDA nrog kev pab tas nrho, tsis hais kev nom tswv thiab nyiaj txiag. Tab sis qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob rau theem no ntawm kev tsim ntawm lub xeev yog kev txhawb pab tub rog ntawm RSFSR. Qhov no hom ntawm kev pab yog feem ntau nyob rau hauv lub tsev lag luam nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm lub East-Siberian Soviet pab tub rog ntawm nws tus kheej armed forces Thov - cov neeg Revolutionary Army (NRA).

Txoj kev tsim ntawm lub xeev tsis tau xaiv lub npav tseem ceeb ntawm Nyij Pooj, uas tau tsa nws cov kev tsis sib haum, thiab raug yuam kom pib tawm nws cov kev sib sau los ntawm Far East thaum Lub Xya Hli 3, 1920. Qhov no tau tso cai rau NRA kom muaj kev vam meej tseem ceeb hauv kev sib ntaus tawm tsam kev ua tub rog tawm tsam hauv cheeb tsam, thiab tsim kom muaj thaj tsam ntawm Far Eastern Republic.

Lub Kaum Hli 22, Tsoom Fwv Thaj Tsov Rog tau nyob Chita, nrawm nrawm ntawm Samanov tso tseg. Tsis ntev tom qab ntawd, FER tsoom fwv khiav tawm hauv Verkhneudinsk mus rau lub nroog no.

Tom qab cov Nyij Pooj tshuav Khabarovsk lawm, nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1920 muaj kev sib tham ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Trans-Baikal, Primorsky thiab Amur thaj tsam nyob hauv Chita, uas tau txiav txim siab nkag los rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no hauv lub xeev - FER. Yog li, los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm xyoo 1920, Far Eastern Republic tswj feem ntau ntawm Far East.

Ntaus DVR

Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm nws cov hav zoov, Far Eastern Republic muaj ib tug txawv cov thawj coj thiab territorial qauv. Pib, nws muaj tsib yam: Transbaikal, Kamchatka, Sakhalin, Amur thiab Primorye.

Raws li kev cai ntawm lawv tus kheej, nyob rau theem ntawm statehood tsim lub luag haujlwm ntawm DDA kev tswj tau pom zoo los ntawm pawg neeg xaiv tsa uas tau xaiv thaum lub Ib Hlis xyoo 1921. Nws tau ua raws li Txoj Cai Lij Choj, raws li lub Pawg Neeg Cov Neeg Sawv Cev tau pom tias yog lub siab tshaj plaws txoj cai. Nws raug xaiv los ntawm kev xaiv tsa dav dav. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub Constituent los ua ke tsa los ntawm tsoom fwv taws los ntawm A. Krasnoshchekov, uas twb hloov los ntawm N. Matveev nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm 1921.

Tus Neeg Dawb Huv Mutiny

Nyob rau lub Ib Hlis 26, 1921, tus Dawb Guard tus rog, nrog cov nyiaj yug ntawm Nyij Pooj, tshaj tawm hauv Bolshevik tsoom fwv hauv Vladivostok thiab li thau thaj av ntawm FER. Nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub cheeb tsam Primorsky, qhov hu ua Priamursky Zemsky Region tau tsim. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm ntxiv ua txhaum ntawm lub dawb rog, los ntawm tus kawg ntawm 1921 lub Khabarovsk tau raug nrawm deb ntawm lub FER.

Tab sis nrog lub sij hawm ntawm Blucher, cov tub rog ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua lag luam hauv Tebchaws Meskas tau mus zoo dua. Ib tug counteroffensive ncaav, thaum lub sij hawm uas tus Dawb tiv thaiv raug kev txom nyem hnyav, poob Khabarovsk, thiab los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj 1922 lawv tag nrho tawm ntawm Far East.

Lub annexation ntawm Far Eastern Republic rau hauv lub xeev Soviet

Yog li, lub Sab Hnub Tuaj Tebchaws (1920-1922) tau ua tiav nws lub hom phiaj raws li lub xeev tsis muaj kev tsim, uas tsim los ntawm Nyiv tsis yog vim li cas thiaj li nkag mus rau hauv kev qhib kev tawm tsam nrog cov tub rog liab. Raws li qhov raug tshem tawm ntawm cov tub rog dawb Guard los ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj, qhov kev ua neej ntawm FER tseem ua tsis tau zoo. Cov lus nug ntawm kev koom tes rau lub xeev txoj kev kawm rau RSFSR tau ripened, uas tau ua tiav rau lub Kaum Ib Hlis 15, 1922 vim yog lub rooj sib hais ntawm lub Koom Haum Tebchaws. Lub Sab Hnub Tuaj Tib Neeg Lub Tebchaws tau tso tseg.