Shakespeare Theatre "Globe". Ib tug ntawm cov hiob theaters ntawm London: Keeb kwm

Shakespeare Theatre "Globe" yog suav tias yog ib qho ntawm feem zoo-paub tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub UK, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv teb chaws Europe. Niaj hnub no nws tsis yog tsuas ib tug naas ej kev cai lub tsev kawm ntawv, qhov chaw uas koj yuav saib tau ua yeeb yam ntawm nto moo directors thiab saib qhov kev ua si ntawm cov hnub qub ntawm lub ntiaj teb ua yeeb yam scene, tab sis kuj yog ib qho ntawm feem nto moo sights ntawm London.

prehistory

Nws tag nrho cov pib nrog lub fact tias nyob rau hauv 1576 lub thawj pej xeem ua yeeb yam nyob rau hauv London ua tau nyob rau hauv Shoreditch, uas yog tag nrho tsuas hu ua "Lub tsev ua yeeb yam". Nws tau koom James Burbage, uas ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug kws ntoo nyob rau hauv nws cov hluas, tab sis tom qab los ua ib tug actor thiab sau nws tus kheej troupe. Qhov no ua yeeb yam lasted kom txog thaum 1597, thaum tus tswv ntawm lub teb chaws uas nws sawv, demanded qhov kev tso tawm ntawm thaj av los yog them nws cov nqi xauj tsev ob npaug. Thiab cov tub ntawm tus tswv tsev lub tsev - Richard thiab Cuthbert - txiav txim siab los tsim ib tug tshiab lub chaw nyob rau lwm yam sab ntawm lub Thames thiab thauj rov qab mus rau lub rafts rhuav ntoo siv scene - ib tug beam ntawm ib tug beam.

Tus thawj "Globe"

Siv cov kev faib ntawm ib tug tshiab ua yeeb yam ntawd kub ntev li 2 xyoos. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, Burbage qub txeeg qub teg los ua tswv ntawm ib nrab ntawm lub tsev thiab coj lawv 50 rau ib xees ceg txheem ntseeg nyob rau hauv lub tshiab lub tsev. Rau cov seem kev nyab xeeb, lawv yuav faib cov ob peb zoo tshaj plaws-paub mej zeej ntawm lub qub lub tuam txhab, ib tug neeg uas yog actor thiab sau ntawm feem ntau ntawm cov ua hais tias ua li cov repertoire ntawm "Globus" - Uilyam Shekspir.

Tshiab ua yeeb yam ntawd kub ntev li tsuas yog 14 xyoo, thaum lub sij hawm uas muaj tau premiered yuav luag tag nrho cov ua hauj lwm sau los ntawm tus zoo playwright. "Globus" enjoyed zoo kawg chaw, thiab cov neeg tuaj saib tau feem ntau yuav pom ib qho tseem ceeb ua nom ua tswv thiab aristocrats. Muaj ib zaug, thaum yog cov kev ua si "Henry VIII" nyob rau theem, yog tawm ntawm kev txiav txim theatrical cannon, nrog cov uas cig rau hauv lub ru tsev thatched, thiab lub tsev hlawv mus rau hauv av nyob rau hauv ib ob peb teev. Qhov zoo ces, tsis muaj ib tug, tsuas yog rau ib spectator uas tau txais me kub nyhiab, tsis mob, tab sis lub ua yeeb yam ntawm Shakespeare tus "Globe", yog suav tias yog ib qho ntawm feem renowned tsev ntawm nws hom nyob rau hauv ces thaum ntawd lub sij hawm, twb puas lawm.

Cov zaj dab neeg ntawm 1614 los ntawm 1642

Tsis ntev tom qab qhov hluav taws kub, lub ua yeeb yam tau rebuilt rau lub tib lub chaw dua. Txawm li cas los, soj ntsuam tsis muaj ib tug kev pom niaj hnub no hais txog seb puas yuav hais txog nyiaj txiag ib tug tshiab project yog Uilyam Shekspir. Raws li playwright biographers nco ntsoov, thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm no nws muaj teeb meem loj nrog kev noj qab nyob, thiab nws yog tau hais tias nws twb txav deb ntawm lub lag luam. Txawm nws yog, Shakespeare tuag nyob rau hnub tim 23, 1616, thaum lub sij hawm thib ob ua yeeb yam dim kom txog rau thaum 1642 th. Nws yog ces hais tias "Globus" yog kaw thiab disbanded nws troupe, raws li nyob rau hauv ces, cov pej xeem ua tsov ua rog pib, thiab cov Puritans tuaj rau lub hwj chim tau ua kev txwv tsis pub tej yam uas lom zem ua si tsis sib haum mus rau lub Protestant morality. Tom qab 2 xyoo lub ua yeeb yam tsev thiab kom meej demolished, yog li freeing qhov chaw rau qhov kev siv ntawm thaj tsev apartment. Nyob rau hauv no siv nws tau ua li ntawd, ceev uas tsis txawm tshuav tej qhov cim tseg ntawm lub hav zoov ntawm cov ua yeeb yam "Globe".

excavations

Teb chaws Aas Kiv yog lub npe hu ua ib lub teb chaws nyob qhov twg rau yav dhau los 500 xyoo yog muaj attentive heev rau cov ntaub ntawv thiab archives. Nws yog yog li ntawd heev coj txawv txawv uas txog rau thaum xaus ntawm lub 80s ntawm lub xeem caug xyoo, tsis muaj ib tug yuav qhia lub caij nyoog qhov chaw nyob qhov twg lub npe nrov Shakespeare ua yeeb yam tau nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th "Globe". Teeb nyob rau hauv no qhov teeb meem los archaeological excavations ua nyob rau hauv 1989 nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws ntawm chaw nres tsheb thauj tog rau nkoj Terrace, nyob rau Park Street. Ces tus zaum twb tau mus ntes tus ib feem ntawm qhov lub hauv paus thiab ib tug ntawm tus yees "globes". Raws li zaum, nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam thiab niaj hnub no nws yuav tsim nyog mus txuas ntxiv mus nrhiav rau cov tshiab ua yeeb yam complex tawg tsam. Txawm li cas los, kev tshawb fawb yog tsis tau, vim ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov vaj tse thiab monuments ntawm lub 18th xyoo pua, hais tias ntawm lub British cai yog tsis raug kev ntxub ntxaug.

Yuav ua li cas yog lub tsev ntawm cov ua yeeb yam ntawm Shakespeare

Lub qhov ntev ntawm lub thib ob "Globe" yog tseem tsis tau paub txog tej yam lus, tab sis nws lub tswv yim zaum twb tau los nrog zoo raug. Nyob rau hauv kev, lawv kuj muaj peev xwm mus nrhiav kom tau hais tias nws ua tau raws li ib tug peb-tiered sab nraum zoov amphitheatre txoj kab uas hla ntawm 97-102 taw, uas muaj peev xwm ib txhij haum mus txog 3 lab viewers. Yog li chiv xav hais tias cov qauv no yog yeej, txawm li cas los, ib feem ntawm lub hauv paus excavations qhia hais tias nws zoo li ib tug 18- los yog 20-hedron thiab muaj tsawg kawg yog ib tug pej thuam.

Raws li rau lub internal qauv ntawm "globes" ncua proscenium mus txog rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub qhib loog. Cov theem nws tus kheej nrog lub daug, nyob qhov twg, yog tias tsim nyog, tawm lam, muaj ib tug dav ntawm 43 ko taw, ib tug ntev ntawm 27 ko taw thiab twb tsa saum toj no cov av mus rau ib tug qhov siab ntawm kwv yees li 1.5 m.

cov neeg tuaj saib rooj

Extant piav qhia ntawm lub ua yeeb yam "Globe" qhia tau hais tias ib tug ncaj xis Lodge rau lub aristocracy tau nyob raws phab ntsa nyob rau hauv thawj theem. Saum toj no cov duab twb ua rau muaj myiaj cov pej xeem thiab poorer tab sis respectable Londoners thiab tub ntxhais hluas, uas muaj nyiaj, saib cov yeeb yam zaum rau hauv av, nyob rau lub theem. Kuv yog nyob rau hauv lub ua yeeb yam thiab lub thiaj li hu ua qhov, uas cia cov neeg pluag uas tau them-per-view sawv cev ntawm ib tug penny. Interestingly, pawg no muaj ib tug cwj pwm ntawm kev noj mov thaum lub sij hawm theatrical nrug ceev thiab txiv kab ntxwv, yog li lub excavation ntawm lub hauv paus "Globe" twb pom pawg ntawm plhaub tawg tsam thiab citrus noob.

Tis thiab qhov chaw rau musicians

Nyob rau nram qab lub ib feem ntawm lub ru tsev ua tau nyob ntev, kev txhawb los ntawm loj heev txhua. Nyob rau hauv nws ntawm ib tug deb li ib tug txiv neej twb nyob qab nthab daug, pleev xim rau huab, nyob qhov twg, yog tias tsim nyog, lub lam yuav nqis los rau ropes, depicting gods los yog cov tubtxib saum ntuj. Muaj kuj yog thaum lub sij hawm ua yeeb yam tau stagehands, nqis los yog nce rau hauv lub scenery.

Los ntawm qab lub scenes, uas muaj mej zeej ntawm lub cam khwb cia hnav khaub ncaws thiab ntsia ntawm saib nyob rau hauv anticipation ntawm nws tso tawm rau lub scene ob los yog peb lub qhov rooj. Rau cov backdrop rau adjoined lub sam thiaj uas lub musicians coj lawv cov rooj zaum ua yeeb yam orchestra thiab nyob rau hauv ib co nrug, xws li zus tau tej cov "Romeo thiab Juliet", nws yog siv raws li ib tug ntxiv platform uas qhov kev txiav txim yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw.

Shakespeare Theatre "Globe" niaj hnub no

Hais yog ib tug ntawm cov teb chaws uas nws pab rau lub ntiaj teb ua yeeb yam yog ib qho nyuaj rau overestimate. Niaj hnub no, zoo-paub, nrog rau cov historic theaters ntawm London, ntawm uas muaj ntau tshaj ib tug kaum os cov, muaj tsis txaus cov neeg saib thoob plaws hauv lub caij ntuj no. Ntawm kev txaus siab yog tus thib peb "Globe", raws li nws mus ntsib yog akin mus rau ib tug taug kev mus nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, tourists muaj attracted los ntawm tam sim no thaum nws sib tham sib ua puav pheej.

lub tswv yim mus rau revive lub English ua yeeb yam "Globe" nyob rau hauv 1990. Thiab tswj peb tes num zoo-paub American actor thiab cov thawj coj Sam Uenameyker hais tias ib tug tshiab lub tsev ua tau thiaj li mus zoo tshaj plaws zoo li tus thawj. Xyuas ntawm tourists uas tau mus xyuas lub yeeb yam ntawm lub ua yeeb yam "Globe", qhia tias ib tug loj heev pab neeg uas nto moo architects, engineers thiab pab tswv yim koom nyob rau hauv peb tes num ntawm lub rooj txhawb siab ntawm ib qho ntawm feem nto moo kev cai tsev nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm London, ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv tag nrho. Lawv txawm npog lub ru tsev nrog straw, soaked nws hluav taws ua hauj lwm, txawm hais tias lub tuam tsev no cov ntaub ntawv uas nyob rau hauv lub British capital tsis tau siv rau ntau tshaj 250 xyoo. Qhov qhib coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv 1997, thiab rau ze li ntawm 18 xyoo, muaj peev xwm yuav pom ntau productions ntawm Shakespeare tus ua nrog tus thawj poob lawm thiab costumes. Thiab, raws li nyob rau hauv lub reign ntawm James tus thawj thiab Charles thawj, nyob rau hauv lub ua yeeb yam muaj yog tsis muaj dag teeb pom kev zoo thiab ua yeeb yam no nyob rau hauv lub nruab hnub.

ua yeeb yam

Raws li twb tau hais, lub hauv paus ntawm lub repertoire ntawm lub revived "Globus" - William Shakespeare. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrov nrug xws li "Lub Taming ntawm lub Shrew," "King Lear," "Henry IV ntawm," "Hamlet" thiab lwm cov neeg uas ua si li nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th. Nyob rau hauv kev ncaj ncees nws yuav tsum tau hais tias tsis yog txhua txhua kab lig kev cai ntawm Shakespeare tus ua yeeb yam dim nyob rau hauv hnub no tus "Globe". Nyob rau hauv kev, tus poj niam lub luag hauj lwm ntawm lub actress ua si niaj hnub no es tsis txhob ntawm tus hluas nraug seev, raws li yog ntau 250 xyoo dhau los.

Feem ntau cov tsis ntev los no, lub tsev ua yeeb tuaj nyob ncig saib rau Russia thiab coj lub staging ntawm "midsummer Hmo ntuj tus npau suav." Nws yuav pom tsis tau tsuas yog Muscovites, tab sis kuj cov neeg nyob rau Ekaterinburg, Pskov thiab ntau lwm lub zos ntawm peb lub teb chaws. Xyuas ntawm Russians ntau tshaj li zoo siab, txawm lub fact tias feem ntau ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib mloog rau cov ntawv nyeem nyob rau hauv lub simultaneous txhais lus, uas yuav tsis cuam tshuam nrog ib tug holistic xaav ntawm lub lam ua si.

Nyob qhov twg thiab yuav ua li cas kom tau

Niaj hnub no Shakespeare Theatre "Globus" yog nyob rau ntawm: Tshiab Globe taug kev, SE1. Qhov yooj yim txoj kev uas yuav tau muaj los ntawm subway, xeeb lub Cannon St chaw nres tsheb, tsev loj tsev. Txij li thaum lub tsev ib feem tsis muaj lub ru tsev, ces yuav muaj ib tug spectator ntawm ib tug ua tau zoo ntawm cov ua yeeb yam "Globe" yog tau tsuas yog los ntawm 19 Tej zaum mus rau Cuaj hlis 20. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm thoob plaws hauv lub xyoo npaaj tours ntawm lub tsev, tso cai rau koj mus saib tsis tau tsuas yog rau cov theem thiab auditorium, tab sis kuj yuav ua li cas los txua lub poob lawm thiab backstage. Tsis tas li ntawd, tourists qhia costumes ua rau sketches ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th thiab cov laus khoom. Nqe rau mus saib lub tsev ua yeeb raws li ib tug tsev cia puav pheej ntawm ua yeeb yam art ntawm Shakespeare lub sij hawm yog 7 phaus rau cov me nyuam thiab £ 11 rau cov neeg laus.

Tam sim no koj paub lub keeb kwm ntawm lub ua yeeb yam "Globe", raws li zoo raws li koj paub yuav ua li cas los tau muaj li cas thiab koj yuav saib tau nrug muaj.