Sitall (pob zeb): nws yog dab tsi, cov khoom thiab cov kev siv

Khoom kim heev jewels nrog tej yam ntuj tso pob zeb yuav them taus tsis yog txhua tus poj niam. Thiab yuav ib yam dab tsi zoo nkauj tag nrho cov xav. Yuav kom qhov no kawg, zaum tau deduced dag pob zeb ua los ntawm tej yam ntuj tso tshuaj. Nrog kev pab los ntawm nanotechnology siv lead ua iav ceramics yog tsim los pab. Nws sab nraud cov ntaub ntawv, nws tsis yog ua tsis tau zoo rau ntau yam ntuj tso pob zeb. Niaj hnub no yog ua los ntawm cov iav-ceramics ntawm txawv xim.

Lub keeb kwm ntawm tshwm sim

Muaj ntau cov xav nyob rau hauv lub khob ceramics (Pob zeb). Yuav ua li cas yog nws? Nyob rau iskusstvnnyh phianites hnov ntau, thiab hais txog sitalls ntaub ntawv tsis raprostranena. Sitall precious pob zeb - ib khob crystalline khoom. Txawv teb chaws, nws raug technology tsim yav tas los (nyob rau hauv 1957). Nws belongs rau lub American Donald Stookey. Company "Dow Corning", koom nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov no muaju, lawv tau muab lub npe "pyrocers".

Nyob rau hauv lub Soviet Union twb koom nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov iav-ceramics Isaac Kitaygorodsky. Yog, thiab ntau lwm yam Lavxias teb sab zaum tau pab mus rau txoj kev loj hlob uas siv lead ua technology. Yog li ntawd, iav ceramics (Pob zeb) - uas yog, qhov twg ua li no lub npe? Txawv txawv lo lus los ntawm ob tug ntawm cov tshuaj hais tias ua li no siv lead ua. Los ntawm sitsiliuma (silicon) coj lub suab "si" ntawm txhuas - lub suab "al", thiab tau iav ceramics. Nws yog ib heev zoo xws li cov nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg rau lub volcanic pob zeb thiab hais txog cov vam meej silica iav.

Cov yam ntxwv thiab thaj chaw ntawm tus siv lead ua

Fianit muaj zog ntau dua li ib tug pob zeb diamond, tab sis Sitall theej los ntawm sapphires thiab emeralds. Nws yog tsim los ntawm cov iav, tab sis muaj ib co txawv nta nruab nrab ntawm lawv. Cov mis, uas tau txais kev pab los tsim no siv lead ua, - SiO _2, nws yog heev uas zoo sib xws rau pob zeb siv lead ua. Hais tias lub xeem yog ib tug raw khoom rau quartz iav. Yuav ua li cas yuav saib Sitall (pob zeb)? Cov duab no dag siv lead ua yuav pom nyob rau hauv cov dluab nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm. Nws yog ib heev nyuaj thiab tsis ntxeem tau. Yuav ua li cas txhim khu kev qha yog lub iav ceramics pob zeb? Cov khoom ntawm tus siv lead ua yog nyob ntawm seb nws yog ua tau. Thiab nws muaj qhov tsawg tshaj plaws muaju, li ntawd, nws yog heev ceev, sib npaug rau hlau. Raws li nws cov hardness tsuas surpassed los ntawm cov pob zeb diamond. Pob zeb zoo xyuas pib ntawm tshav kub, yaj nws nyob rau hauv tsev yog tsis tau. Qhov no yog tiav ua tsaug rau lithium, txhuas thiab mineral raw cov ntaub ntawv, uas yog nkag tau rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg.

Sitall shimmers zoo nkauj, nws yog yuav luag pob tshab, resistant mus rau ntau yam tshuaj. Yuav ua li cas yuav cuag ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm muaju, yog li ntawd tsis muaj voids nruab nrab ntawm lawv?

txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim

Khob muaj ib yam cuab yeej crystallize lub sij hawm. Nws yog nws thiab coj raws li ib lub hauv paus rau lub zaum tsim iav-ceramic. Cov tsim txoj kev ntawm no cov ntaub ntawv uas tsa lub iav-ceramic. Yuav pib, npaj raw cov ntaub ntawv - lub them nyiaj. Raws li nws yuav ua tau ntau yam nucleators (Cheebtsam kom meej). Ib millimeter lub voos xwmfab ntog ob peb billions ntawm me me muaju.

Ces qhov no xwb tas amenable mus melting. Thawj crystallized pob zeb chaw, ces cov kub yog muaj zog, thaum tshiab units yuav tsis loj hlob nyob ib ncig ntawm nws.

Tom qab hais tias, lub pob zeb muab nyob rau hauv txias. Qhov no yog yuav ua li cas yog lub khob ceramics. Pob zeb nyob rau hauv hniav nyiaj hniav kub heev lug siv. Technology ntawm RAUG iav-ceramic pab los ntawm pouring ib tug ruby iav rau lub Kremlin hnub qub nyob rau hauv Moscow.

Raws li siv Sitall

Nyob rau hauv dab tsi rau lwm qhov chaw ntawm lub dag pob zeb siv nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus ua hniav nyiaj hniav kub? Thaj chaw ntawm cov iav-ceramic yuav tau tom los ntawm kev ntxiv mus rau hauv nws cov qauv tej ntsiab, xws perlite, dolomite, tooj liab, silver. Yog li ntawd, tus siv lead ua yog dav siv nyob rau hauv engineering. Nws yog ib qho zoo heev hluav taws xob insulator, es tshab, haum rau qhov siv thiab ua lo ntsiab muag, tsom iav, ntxaij lim dej.

Nws ua hauj lwm pab raws li ib qho zoo heev cov ntaub ntawv uas rau txheej hlau qhov chaw. Nrog rau qhov no tiv thaiv ntawm cov hlau tsis xeb thiab muaj ib tug zoo nkauj tsos. Hlab coated nrog pyroceramics siv nyob rau hauv lub roj av refining kev lag luam.

Pob zeb hais nrog txhuas thiab lithium yog siv nyob rau hauv kev kho hniav (rau cov uas ua cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj).

Hom dag siv lead ua

Cov feem ntau siv yog khoom neeg tsim pob zeb nyob hauv lub jewellery sector. Muaj ob peb hom ntawm cov iav ceramics. Heev nrov Ametrine, muaj raws ntawm ob xim thiab li amethyst. Tsis muaj tsawg nrov yog cov Sultans muaj peev xwm hloov xim.

Yog li ntawd ntau fashionistas xav nyob rau hauv lub khob ceramics (Pob zeb). Hais tias yog, nws yog tam sim no lub npe hu rau ntau cov poj niam. Nyiaj thiab kub hniav nyiaj hniav kub nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm tsis tau yuav xav tsis hluavtaws pob zeb. Sitall "London" - ib lub pob zeb zoo li grey-xiav topaz nrog ib tug muaj pa taws tsw. Qhov no nanocrystal no zoo heev ua ke nrog alloys ntawm kub thiab nyiaj. Yog hais tias tus hluas nkauj muaj lub teeb daim tawv nqaij thiab daj ntseg xiav ob lub qhov muag, lub khob ceramics "London" s zoo tagnrho.

Nws tseem yog nqi sau nram qab no ntawm cov iav ceramics: Madeira citrine, tourmaline, tanzanite, liab Marquise, trillion grenades, thiab lwm yam ..

Thov nyob rau hauv cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub ua lag luam

Peb pom iav ceramics (pob zeb) - nws yog. Cov khoom cua mineral yog tsis inferior nyob rau hauv nws tus yam ntxwv sapphire, xiav topaz, Emerald. Nws muaj ib tug heev tseem muaj xim thiab zoo transparency. Lwm tseem ceeb heev kom zoo dua muaj iav ceramics - nws yog resistant rau kev kub muaj peevxwm. Nws yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv jewellery, uas yog ua los ntawm tsawg tom tsim. Lub muaju tau muab tso rau hauv ib cov pwm thiab ncuav cov hlau, rhuab mus rau 1000 degrees. Phianites xws li high kub tsis khaws cia yog deformed los yog thim. Tab sis Sitall ib tug hauj lwm zoo heev nrog qhov kev xeem no, yog li fianites nyob loj competitor. Cov khoom siv nrog lub nanocrystal heev qab thiab kuj pheej yig.

Cov superiority ntawm cov khoom cua pob zeb

Nyob ib ncig ntawm cov khoom cua pob zeb ua ib tug ntau ntawm controversy txog lawv zoo thiab disadvantages. Jewellery dag muaju yog tsis analogs ntawm tej yam ntuj tso minerals, tab sis tsim nyob rau hauv cov kev kuaj. Cov pob zeb loj hlob nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig ntuj, thiab hluavtaws zus artificially. Lawv yuav muab piv nrog rau lub paj, yog tu nyob rau hauv ib tug tsev cog khoom. Muaj cov loj loj, kaj, ntev blooming. Thiab lub pob zeb: nyob rau hauv lub lab, koj yuav xyaum ua tej yam nrog rau xim kev tshawb xav, muaj pes tsawg leeg, lub dag lub zog. Artificially zus muaju yog nyob rau hauv tsis muaj txoj kev ua tsis tau zoo rau tej yam ntuj tso, nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub txawm ntau tshaj lawv. Ib qho ntawm feem tseem ceeb cov neeg sawv cev ntawm ib tug iav ceramics.

Los ntawm cov khoom cua txoj kev loj hlob zaum kuj muaj xws li Swarovski pob zeb, sapphire siv lead ua, phianites. Lawv yog siv raws li analogues ntawm ntau yam uas tsis tshua muaj pob zeb. Qhwv ntsej, bracelets, rings nrog cov kaj muaju heev ntau haiv neeg assortment ntawm hniav nyiaj hniav kub. Kho kom zoo nkauj nrog inlays ntawm cov iav-ceramic yuav zoo siab rau tej poj niam!