Socialization - ib tug ...

Raws li cov pa txhais ntawm tag nrho cov, socialization - ib tug txheej txheem ntawm familiarizing tus neeg kom cov haiv neeg nyob rau hauv uas nws tshwm sim, nws txais ntawm tus kev cai thiab tus cwj pwm ntawm cov haiv neeg. Lub tswvyim ntawm socialization yog pom nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm kev txawj ntse, txawm li cas los, kev sib disciplines kawm sib txawv ntawm txoj kev no. Psychologists xav nyob rau hauv lub mechanisms uas pab tus neeg kom hloov mus rau haiv neeg, piv txwv li, assimilate nws cov kev cai. Sociologists kawm yuav ua li cas thiab zoo li cas lub luag hauj lwm ntawm tus neeg paub thiab txoj kev nws tus yog tsim nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv lub zej lub zos. Nyob ntawm seb dab tsi yog kawm, thiab tej zaum yuav tsim ib tug ntau nqaim ntsiab lus ntawm lub sij hawm "socialization". Qhov no yog pojniam los txivneej, kev nom kev tswv, kev cai dab qhuas thiab lwm yam kev sib tham.

periodization

Hais txog socialization, nws yog feem ntau muab faib mus rau hauv thawj thiab. Primary me nyuam los tu ntawm qhov tseem ceeb hu ua tus me nyuam nyob rau hauv cov haiv neeg. Secondary socialization tib yam - ib tug adaptation ntawm cov kev cai ntawm ib tug neeg laus.

Nws txiav txim siab los faib ob peb theem ntawm socialization :

1. Adaptation. Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm no, pib nrog yug thiab xaus raws li ib tug tub hluas, los ntawm kev qog yog lub assimilation ntawm kev sib raug kev tsis tseem ceeb heev kev ntsuam xyuas. Lub loj hlob tus me nyuam kawm kom hloov mus rau lub ntiaj teb no nyob ib ncig ntawm lawv.

2. Identification. Rau ntawm no theem, tus neeg yog ua mus nrhiav tau lawv qhov chaw nyob hauv zej zog, cas paub nrog ib tug tej pab pawg neeg.

3. koom ua ke, piv txwv li tag nrho kev koom ua ke rau hauv cov kev sib raug lub neej, uas nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub yuav tsis muaj kev vam meej.

4. Ua hauj lwm kauj ruam. Rau ntawm no theem, tus neeg accumulates tus kheej ua hauj lwm kev kawm txawj thiab yog muaj nyob rau hauv cov coj system ntawm kev sib raug zoo, raws li tau zoo raws li kev koom feem xyuam rau txoj cov ib puag ncig nyob rau hauv uas yog nyob.

5. Posletrudovaya theem, uas ib txhia soj ntsuam ntseeg tau tias cov theem ntawm maladjustment, rau lwm yam - lub maturity theem, thaum muaj kev txaus sab ntawm nws tus kheej, rethinking nws lub neej thiab nws yog ib lub sij hawm mus rau cov hloov cov kev mus rau lwm tus.

Thaum tseem socialization feem ntau distinguished Lavxias teb sab sau phau ntawv, yog lub successor ntawm "kev ua hauj lwm" mus kom ze. Ericsson muaj ib tug xav paub ntau dua periodization ntawm piav txog thiab cov me nyuam lub hnub nyoog, thiab tom ntej no theem nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tus neeg nyob hauv zej zog. Lwm yam kauj ruam thiab Freud socialization faib.

pawg

Socialization txheej txheem tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau yam ntawm tsev, uas yog, cov neeg pab pawg nyob rau hauv uas cov kis ntawm kev cai thiab qhov tseem ceeb: nws yog, saum toj no tag nrho, cov tsev neeg, cov tsev kawm ntawv ntawm tag nrho cov ntau ntau, ua hauj lwm rau pab pawg. Rau cov tsev socialization muaj xws li qhov thiaj li hu ua unorganized ib puag ncig, uas yog, kev pab pawg thiab cov xov xwm, uas nws cawv tsis tau underestimated.

Socialization thiab kev kawm ntawv

Nws yog tsim nyog los paub qhov txawv ntawm lub ntsiab ntawm socialization thiab kev kawm ntawv thiab kev kawm. Yog hais tias txoj kev kawm yuav heev directional los, lub socialization - ib tug ntau dav heev tswvyim uas muaj xws li cov me nyuam ntawm tshiab cwj pwm, thiab adaptation rau lub cheeb tsam. Txawm li cas los, raws li kev kawm, kev sib tham yog ib tug bidirectional txheej txheem. Qhov no txhais tau tias tsis tsuas muaj feem xyuam rau cov tib neeg zej zog. Nws tsis yog pab tau, nws muaj feem xyuam rau cov twb tsim cai, hloov lawv, thiab koom nyob rau hauv lwm yam txhia.

Nyob rau hauv sib piv rau txoj kev qhia, cov txheej txheem ntawm assimilation ntawm kev cai thiab mus nrhiav tau lawv qhov chaw nyob hauv zej zog tsis tau ceev. Peb yuav tsuas qhia yam rau tus txheej txheem xws li socialization. Nws yog ib tug lom tau, lub cev, thiab kev sib raug zoo ib puag ncig, raws li zoo li ib tug neeg thiab pab pawg neeg kev. Nws yog txawv tsis tseem ceeb tib neeg yam ntxwv txiav txim qhov sib txawv ntawm cov neeg uas tau zus li, nws yuav zoo li, nyob rau hauv tib tej yam kev mob.

Yog hais tias, txawm li cas los, cuam tshuam los ntawm scientific cov nqe lus thiab classifications, peb yuav hais tias cov kev sib tham uas tau tshwm sim thoob plaws hauv peb lub neej, yog tsim nyog rau cov tsim ntawm tus system ntawm qhov tseem ceeb, txhawb kev hwm rau lwm leej lwm tus thiab nws tus kheej-khiav raws li cov neeg. Nws yuav tsum tau rau qub kev cob qhia, thiab tom qab ntawd ua hauj lwm, rau siab nqa tawm lawv tus cwj pwm thiab cov luag num thiab lub tom ntej hloov lwm lub tsev ntawm nws cov kev sib raug zoo thiab lwm yam kev mus rau lub tom ntej tiam.