Tua neeg pov tseg ntawm St. Palaumais

Leej twg tsis tau hnov txog peb cov lus "Palaumais Hmo ntuj"? Tus nqi ntawm no phraseologism kuj paub ib tug heev ob peb, qhov no qhia tau ua synonymous nrog senseless thiab ruthless massacres, thiab xwb senseless kev ntxub ntxaug. Tab sis yog vim li cas vim li cas cov lus no tau txais no tus nqi yog paub, hmoov tsis, tsis txhua leej txhua tus.

Cov txheej xwm tau txais tom qab lub npe ntawm St. Palaumais, coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv 1572, nyob rau hmo ntuj ntawm lub yim hli ntuj 24. Hnub no yog ua kev zoo siab nyob rau hnub ntawm St. Palaumais, nws lub npe thiab nws twb tom qab hu ua no tragic kev tshwm sim. Tab sis ua ntej piav txog qhov teeb meem nws tus kheej, ib tug ob peb lo lus yuav tsum tau hais tias hais txog dab tsi yog qhov vim li cas.

Teb chaws Europe XVI xyoo pua, tsiag ntawv los ntawm tsim thiab kis los ntawm ntau yam kev cai dab qhuas taw raws li cov ntseeg Vajtswv, tab sis tsis kam lees yuav cov tsoos Catholicism ntawm cov chaw. Tshiab cov lus qhia thiab yog tiag tiag ib tug heev heev, xws li Lutheran, Anglican, Calvinist, etc. Txawm li cas los, los ntawm txhua lwm yam, lawv differed me ntsis. Lub hauv paus ntawm tag nrho cov Protestant taw simplification dag ua Vajtswv tes haujlwm: rejection ntawm feem ntau ntawm cov sacraments, tau muab khaws cia tseg thiab tsuas yog kev cai raus dej tej txhais me me, thiab raug luag thuam txog kev tswm seeb Hallows thiab icons, etc. Ntawm lub tsev ntawm kev pe hawm tau muab tshem tawm lub thaj thiab, ntawm chav kawm, tag nrho cov saum, dluab thiab icons, thiab xwb tag nrho cov finery. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tag nrho cov lus qhuab qhia thiab tej zaj nkauj, raws li zoo raws li phau Vajlugkub, uas tau suav hais tias yog xwb qhov twg los ntawm kev qhia ntawv, txhais ua hom lus ntawm cov tsiaj. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, muaj tsis muaj xws li ib tug tshaj plaws li ib tug cog lus ntawm tsis pw ua ke, thiab tus pov thawj yuav tau ib tus neeg twg ntawm lub zej zog. Cov yav tas yog tshwj xeeb yog txhob chim thiab lub pope thiab tag nrho cov Catholics.

Vim qhov zuj zus muaj koob meej ntawm Protestant taw nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe pib kev cai dab qhuas kev tsov kev rog. Feem ntau ntawm lawv coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm Fabkis, raws li nws yog muaj kev koom tsim lub zog ntawm Calvinism. Fabkis jokingly xa mus rau lawv raws li cov Huguenots, thiab nws thiaj li lub npe menyuam yaus daig thiab nyob rau hauv Cov Qib ntawm Calvinists.

Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, ob peb ntshav kev tsov kev rog Saint-Germain kev thaj yeeb twb xaus lus, los ntawm cov uas tus Huguenots tau txais ib tug ntau ntawm cov cai, nrog rau ib nrab txoj kev ywj pheej ntawm kev ntseeg. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub Calvinist zog thawj coj, Admiral Coligny, twb mus muaj koob muaj npe council. Qhov no tso cai rau nws mus sai sai tau ib tug zoo cawv rau Charles IX. Yuav kom ntxiv dag zog rau lub twb taus ntiaj teb no, nws twb txiav txim siab los muab Margaritu Valua raws li ib tug ntawm cov thawj coj ntawm lub Calvinist, Genriha Navarrskogo.

Tab sis poj huab tais-niam, Ekaterinu Medichi, lub xeev no ntawm tej xwm txheej tsis nplua. Nyob rau hauv kev, vim hais tias nws yog ntshai ntawm poob cawv rau tus huab tais. Thiab qhov tseeb hais tias Colin sim kom koj yaum tau Charles mus pib ib tug tsov rog nrog Catholic Spain.

Thaum lub sij hawm npaj rau lub tshoob nyob rau hauv Paris attracted heev heev tseem ceeb thiab influential Protestants, uas angered lub Parisian Catholics. Pov thawj xwb ntau rhuab no discontent. Nrog rau kev nthuav tawm ntawm lub taug xaiv tias cov Huguenots npaj ib zajlus mus rhuav tus huab tais.

Nrov thiab splendid kab tshoob, uas coj qhov chaw Lub yim hli ntuj 18, 1572 ntxiv angered townspeople. Nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw ntawm kev loj hlob dissatisfaction nrog cov txheej xwm tsim sai heev. Lub Duc de guise Lub yim hli ntuj 22 ua ib qho los rau Coligny. Raws li, Huguenot demanded rau txim rau lub txim txhaum. Tag nrho cov no provoked cov Calvinists taug xaiv tias ib tug tshiab tsov rog nrog Catholics tsis tau zam. Ib txhia ntawm lawv txawm ceev nrooj moog rau tawm hauv lub nroog.

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, Ekaterina Medichi coj kom zoo dua ntawm qhov teeb meem no thiab ntxias Charles nyob rau hauv kev xav tau ntawm lub cev puas tsuaj rau lub Huguenots. Tam sim no St. Palaumais yog inevitable.

Lub yim hli ntuj 23 mus rau lub vaj ntxwv tus yam kev txiav txim tag nrho cov rooj vag nyob rau outskirts ntawm Paris raug kaw, thiab cov Huguenot tsev twb cim nrog cwj mem av dawb. Hais tias tib lub hmo ntuj, lub conspirators tsoo rau hauv lub tsev ntawm Admiral raug mob thiab tua nws. Tom qab no, muaj neeg ntau heev ntawm lub nroog, incited txiv plig pib mus ua txhaum mus rau hauv lub tsev thiab tua txhua tus neeg uas los lawv txoj kev. Cov neeg uas xam tau tias yog tej kev ntsuas khib siab phem, xav ntseeg ntawm lawv yuav tsum thiab txawm raug teeb meem nrog excommunication.

Cov tib txhob txwm tua neeg pov tseg pib, thiab nyob rau hauv lwm lub zos ntawm Fabkis. Tag nrho cov Palaumais hmo ntuj thov lub neej ntawm ntau tshaj li 10,000 tus Calvinists, ntawm uas hais txog 3 lab tuag nyob rau hauv Paris. Tsis yooj yim rau twv hais tias xws li kev phem heev tsis tsuas yog tsis daws tau qhov teeb meem, tab sis ua rau nws mob heev. Tom qab tias tsov rog nrog rau lub Huguenots tiag tiag los ua inevitable. Thiab ib tug yeej nyob rau hauv no tsov rog Catholics raug kev txom nyem dua. Charles IX twb dua yuam kom concessions.

Txawm li cas los, cov kev tshwm sim nws tus kheej tau txais ntau yam lus teb los ntawm Catholics nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, xws li cov Pope. Tsuas yog tom qab 425 xyoo, Pope John Paul II paub hais tias cov tua neeg pov tseg ntawm St. Palaumais hauv Fabkis yog ib tug yuam kev, thiab ntseeg tau txim rau nws.

Txawm li cas los, nws yog tsim nyog sau cia hais tias tej yam ua tau nqa tawm, tsis tsuas Catholics. Yog li ntawd nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Nimes nyob rau hauv rau lub xyoos ua ntej cov txheej xwm piav ib yam dab tsi uas zoo sib xws ib lub koom haum rau lawv tus kheej Huguenots. Txawm li cas los, St. Palaumais tshaj tag nrho xws li xwm txheej rau ob peb lub sij hawm lub scale.